Events from the year 1655 in art.

• Nicolaes Maes
  • Eavesdropper with a Scolding Woman
  • The Idle Servant (National Gallery, London)
  • The Lacemaker (National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa)
  • A Woman Spinning (Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam)
  • A Young Woman Sewing (Guildhall Art Gallery, City of London)
• Nicolas Poussin - St. Peter Healing a Sick Man
• Rembrandt
  • (attributed) - The Polish Rider
  • Christ Presented to the People (Ecce Homo) (drypoint)
• Bartholomeus van der Helst - Self-portrait
• Diego Velázquez - Infanta Maria Margareta
• Vermeer - Christ in the House of Martha and Mary

• January 21 - Antonio Molinari, Venetian painter of mythology and religious figures (died 1704)
• February 25 - Carel de Moor, Dutch etcher and painter (died 1738)
• March 4 - Fra Galgario (Giuseppe Ghislandi), Bergamese painter, mainly of portraits during the Rococo epoch (died 1743)
• June 11 - Antonio Cifrondi, Italian painter of genre works (died 1730)
• November 16 - Alessandro Gherardini, Italian painter, active mainly in Florence (died 1723)
• date unknown
  • Marie Courtois, French miniature painter (died 1703)
  • Englebert Fisen, Flemish painter (died 1733)
  • Johann Ulrich Kraus, German illustrator, engraver and publisher (died 1719)
  • Antonio Lorenzini, Italian painter and engraver (died 1740)
  • Giacomo Pavia, Italian painter, active mainly in his native Bologna (died 1740)
  • Jacques Prou, French Academic sculptor (died 1706)
  • Anthoni Schoonjans, Belgian painter (died 1726)
  • Sébastien Slodtz, French sculptor (died 1726)
  • Filippo Tancredi, Italian painter of church frescoes (died 1722)
  • David von Krafft, German-Swedish painter, nephew of David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl and his successor at the Swedish Royal Court (died 1725)

• April 30 - Eustache Le Sueur or Lesueur, French painter (born 1617)
• date unknown
  • Hendrick Andriessen, Flemish still-life painter (born 1607)
  • Abraham de Vries, Dutch painter (born 1590)
  • Giovanni Andrea Donducci (Mastelletta), Italian painter of the Bolognese School (painting) (born 1575)
  • Giovanni Francesco Guerrieri, Italian painter and Caravaggisti (born 1589)
  • Giovanni Battista Michelini, Italian painter of religious and mythological subjects (born 1604)
  • Claes Corneliszoon Moeyaert, Catholic Dutch painter (born 1592)
  • Abraham van den Hecken, Dutch painter of genre pieces, religious and historical scenes, portraits and still lifes (born 1615)
  • Floris van Schooten, Dutch painter (born 1590)
  • Herman van Swanevelt, Dutch painter (born 1604)
  • Yi Sam-pyeong, father of Imari porcelain