The Baynunah Formation is a palaeontological formation located in the western region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates. It dates to the Upper Miocene epoch of the Neogene period[1] in the Cenozoic Era.

Geology

Fauna

Fossils of the hippopotamus genus Archaeopotamus have been found in the formation[2][3] [4][5]

Birds

Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Diamantornis D. laini Jaw al Dibsa (DBS 2), Hamra (HMR 1, 3, 5), Hadwaniyya (HAD 4, 5, 6), Harmiyyah (HAR 3, 4), Jebel Barakah (JBR 2), Kihal (KIH 3), Ras al

Qal’a (RAQ 1, 2), Gerain al Aysh (GAA 3, 4, 8), Ras Dubay’ah (RDB 4), Ruwais (RUW), Shuwaihat (SHU 2, 3, 4, 8), and Umm Al Khabir (UAK 1)

Multiple collected specimens. An extinct Ratite bird
Struthio S. cf. karatheodoris Kihal 2 A pelvis, almost complete except for the pubic symphysis region.
Phalacrocorax P. sp. A proximal left carpometacarpus, distal right tarsometatarsus, and a tentatively referred proximal right humerus fragment.

Mammals

Artiodactyls

Bovids
Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Afrotragus A. libycus GAA2 and HAD3. Right frontlet withhorn core and left frontlet with horn core.
Miotragocerus M. cyrenaicus GAA2, JBR2, GAA7, HMR1, HMR5, and SHU4. A partial cranium, horn cores, partial vertebra, partial left lower m1 or m2, and upper molar or premolar fragment. An early bovinae.
Pachyportax P. latidens GAA2, GAA7, HMR5, and SHU4.
Prostrepsiceros P. vinayaki SHU2 A basal left horn core.
Giraffids
Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Paleotragus P. aff. germaini locality SHU4 A partial skeleton with partial left maxilla. An early Opaki-like giraffid.
Samotherium S. cf. sp. An upper molar fragment. An early giraffid.
Hippotamids
Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Archaeopotamus A. lothagamensis
A. qeshta
Suidae
Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Nyanzachoerus N. syrticus
Propotamochoerus P. hysudricus

Carnivorans

Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Plesiogulo P. praecocidens

Perissodactyls

Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Hipparion H. abudhabiense

Primates

Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images

Proboscideans

Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Stegotetrabelodon[6] S. emiratus A primitive elephantid.
Tetralophodon[6] Indeterminate A gomphothere.
Gomphotheriidae[6] Indeterminate. A gomphothere.
Deinotherium[6] D. aff. bozasi A deinotheriid

Rodents

Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Abudhabia A. baynunensis
Dendromus D. sp
Jebelus J. rex
Myocricetodon M. sp
Parapelomys P. cf. charkhensis
Protohummus P. dango

Fish

Taxon Notes Image
Bagrus[7]
Clarias[7] At least two species (possibly 3)
Labeobarbus[7] Cyprinid
 ?Capoeta[7] Probably Capoeta
African cichlid[7] At least one species
Percomorpha[7] Intermediate
Pristid sawfish[7]
Daysatid stingray[7]

Stegotetrabelodon footprints

Footprints attributed to Stegotetrabelodon have been found in the formation.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Annual Report 2017" (pdf), Department of Culture and Tourism – Abu Dhabi, vol. 1: Culture, pp. 28–29, 2017, retrieved 2019-03-09
  2. ^ Boisserie, Jean-Renaud; Schuster, Mathieu; Beech, Mark; Hill, Andrew; Bibi, Faysal. "A New Species of Hippopotamine (Cetartiodactyla, Hippopotamidae) from the Late Miocene Baynunah Formation, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates".
  3. ^ Bibi, F., Hill, A., Beech, M., & Yasin, W. (2013). Late Miocene Fossils from the Baynunah Formation, United Arab Emirates. Fossil Mammals of Asia, 583–594. https://doi.org/10.7312/COLUMBIA/9780231150125.003.0027
  4. ^ Antoine Louchart, Faysal Bibi, John Stewart. Birds from the Baynunah Formation. Sands of Time, Springer International Publishing; Springer International Publishing, pp.125-139, 2022, Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology, ⟨10.1007/978-3-030-83883-6_9⟩. ⟨hal-04025279⟩
  5. ^ Bibi, Faysal. (2022). Bovidae and Giraffidae from the Baynunah Formation. 10.1007/978-3-030-83883-6_14.
  6. ^ a b c d Sanders, William J. (2022), Bibi, Faysal; Kraatz, Brian; Beech, Mark J.; Hill, Andrew (eds.), "Proboscidea from the Baynunah Formation", Sands of Time, Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 141–177, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-83883-6_10, ISBN 978-3-030-83882-9, retrieved 2024-01-03
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h Otera, Olga. Home Sands of Time Chapter Fishes from the Baynunah Formation. Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-83883-6_7.
  8. ^ Bibi, Faysal; Kraatz, Brian; Beech, Mark; Hill, Andrew (2022). "Fossil Trackways of the Baynunah Formation". Sands of Time. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. pp. 283–298. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-83883-6_17. ISBN 978-3-030-83882-9.

Further reading

  • Vickers-Rich, Patricia & Rich, Thomas Hewett (1993); Wildlife of Gondwana. Reed. ISBN 0-7301-0315-3


Allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baynunah_Formation
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