Centrarchiformes /sɛnˈtrɑːrkɪfɔːrmiːz/ is an order of ray-finned fish, previously included amongst the perciformes.[1] The order Centrachiformes is not recognized in the 5th Edition (2016) of Fishes of the World,[2] but is accepted on the World Register of Marine Species in November 2023,[1] Fishbase,[3] and Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes.[4]

Many centrarchiforms look essentially perch-like, featuring a stocky build and a spine-bearing dorsal fin, and range in size from 2.5 cm in length (for Elassoma gilberti), to 1.8 meters for the Maccullochella peelii.[5]

The earliest fossils of this group are of Percichthys from the Early Paleocene of Bolivia, although this status is tentative.[6] If these remains are not of a percichthyid, then the earliest known centrarchiform fossils are of oplegnathids from the Early Eocene of Antarctica.[7][8] Phylogenetic inferences suggest that this order diverged from its closest relative, the Labriformes, during the Late Cretaceous, about 83 million years ago.[9]

Centrarchiformes are widespread worldwide, being found in all temperate and tropical nearshore marine habitats, with freshwater radiations also present on several different continents. The largest family-level diversity within the group is found in the Southern Hemisphere, with many families endemic to the coast of Australia. However, the two most speciose groups of the order are found in freshwater, and are widely separated: freshwater members of the Terapontidae are found in Australasia and nearby regions, while the freshwater sunfish (including the iconic largemouth bass) are found throughout North America.[9]

Taxonomy

Percalates is the most basal genus of the order
Kyphosus is common in tropical marine habitats

Centrarchiformes includes the following subgroups:[10]

Cladogram from Near & Thacker, 2024:[11]

Centrarchiformes

Percalates (estuary perches)

Girellidae (nibblers)

Scorpididae (halfmoons)

Kyphosidae (sea chubs)

Kuhlia (flagtails)

Terapontidae (grunters)

Dichistius (galjoen fishes)

Oplegnathus (knifejaws)

Caesioscorpis theagenes (blowhole perch)

Microcanthidae (stripeys)

Centrarchidae (sunfishes and blackbasses)

Sinipercidae (oriental perches)

Enoplosus armatus (old wife)

Parascorpis typus (jutjaw)

Percichthyidae (temperate perches)

Cirrhitidae (hawkfishes)

Latridae (trumpeters and morwongs)

Chironemus (kelpfishes)

Aplodactylus (marblefishes)

Cheilodactylus (fingerfishes)

References

  1. ^ a b Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2023). FishBase. Centrarchiformes. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1517557 on 2023-11-12
  2. ^ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. p. 459. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original on 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2021-07-24.
  3. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.), "Order Centrarchiformes", FishBase, retrieved 7 October 2024
  4. ^ Fricke, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Van der Laan, R. (2025). "ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: CLASSIFICATION". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2025-02-10.
  5. ^ Yagishita, Naoki; Miya, Masaki; Yamanoue, Yusuke; Shirai, Shigeru M.; Nakayama, Kouji; Suzuki, Nobuaki; Satoh, Takashi P.; Mabuchi, Kohji; Nishida, Mutsumi; Nakabo, Tetsuji (2009). "Mitogenomic evaluation of the unique facial nerve pattern as a phylogenetic marker within the percifom fishes (Teleostei: Percomorpha)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 53 (1): 258–266. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.06.009. PMID 19540351.
  6. ^ Friedman, Matt; V. Andrews, James; Saad, Hadeel; El-Sayed, Sanaa (2023-06-16). "The Cretaceous–Paleogene transition in spiny-rayed fishes: surveying "Patterson's Gap" in the acanthomorph skeletal record André Dumont medalist lecture 2018". Geologica Belgica. doi:10.20341/gb.2023.002. ISSN 1374-8505.
  7. ^ Near, Thomas J.; Thacker, Christine E. (2024-04-18). "Phylogenetic Classification of Living and Fossil Ray-Finned Fishes (Actinopterygii)". Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 65 (1). doi:10.3374/014.065.0101. ISSN 0079-032X.
  8. ^ Lavoué, Sébastien; Nakayama, Kouji; Jerry, Dean R.; Yamanoue, Yusuke; Yagishita, Naoki; Suzuki, Nobuaki; Nishida, Mutsumi; Miya, Masaki (2014). "Mitogenomic phylogeny of the Percichthyidae and Centrarchiformes (Percomorphaceae): Comparison with recent nuclear gene-based studies and simultaneous analysis". Gene. 549 (1): 46–57. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2014.07.033. PMID 25026502.
  9. ^ a b Thacker, Christine E.; Near, Thomas J. (2025-03-13). "Phylogeny, biology, and evolution of acanthopterygian fish clades". Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. doi:10.1007/s11160-025-09935-w. ISSN 1573-5184.
  10. ^ "Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes Classification - California Academy of Sciences". www.calacademy.org. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
  11. ^ Near, T. J.; Thacker, C. E. (2024). "Phylogenetic Classification of Living and Fossil Ray-Finned Fishes (Actinopterygii)". Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 65 (1). doi:10.3374/014.065.0101.
Allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terapontoidei
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