Retinoic acid-induced protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPRC5A gene.[5][6] This gene and its encoded mRNA was first identified as a phorbol ester-induced gene, and named Phorbol Ester Induced Gen 1 (PEIG-1);[7] two years later it was rediscovered as a retinoic acid-inducible gene, and named Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene 1 (RAIG1).[5] Its encoded protein was later named Retinoic acid-induced protein 3.
Function
This gene encodes a member of the type 3 G protein-coupled receptor family, characterized by the signature 7-transmembrane domain motif. The encoded protein may be involved in interaction between retinoic acid and G protein signalling pathways. Retinoic acid plays a critical role in development, cellular growth, and differentiation. This gene may play a role in embryonic development and epithelial cell differentiation.[6] Tryptamine and other indole related chemicals produced by gut microflora bind and activate the receptor.[8]
Post transcriptional regulation
GPRC5A is one of only a handful of genes known in the literature that are post-transcriptionally controlled by miRNAs through their 5'UTR.[9]
Clinical significance
GPRC5A is dysregulated in many human cancers and in other diseases.[10]
See also
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000013588 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000046733 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ a b Cheng Y, Lotan R (1998). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel retinoic acid-inducible gene that encodes a putative G protein-coupled receptor". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (52): 35008–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.52.35008. PMID 9857033.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: GPRC5A G protein-coupled receptor, family C, group 5, member A".
- ^ Cafferata EG, Gonzalez-Guerrico AM, Pivetta OH, Santa-Coloma TA (1996). "Identification by differential display of a mRNA specifically induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in T84 human colon carcinoma cells". Cell. Mol. Biol. (Noisy-le-grand). 42 (5): 797–804. PMID 8832110.
- ^ Zhao X (2023). "Chemoproteomics reveals microbiota-derived aromatic monoamine agonists for GPRC5A". Nature Chemical Biology. 19 (10): 1205–1214. doi:10.1038/s41589-023-01328-z. PMID 37248411.
- ^ Zhou H, Rigoutsos I (2014). "MiR-103a-3p targets the 5' UTR of GPRC5A in pancreatic cells". RNA. 20 (9): 1431–9. doi:10.1261/rna.045757.114. PMC 4138326. PMID 24984703.
- ^ Zhou H, Rigoutsos I (2014). "The emerging roles of GPRC5A in diseases". Oncoscience. 1 (12): 765–76. doi:10.18632/oncoscience.104. PMC 4303886. PMID 25621293.
Further reading
- Cafferata EG, Gonzalez-Guerrico AM, Pivetta OH, Santa-Coloma TA (1996). "Identification by differential display of a mRNA specifically induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in T84 human colon carcinoma cells". Cell. Mol. Biol. (Noisy-le-grand). 42 (5): 797–804. PMID 8832110.
- Bräuner-Osborne H, Krogsgaard-Larsen P (2000). "Sequence and expression pattern of a novel human orphan G-protein-coupled receptor, GPRC5B, a family C receptor with a short amino-terminal domain". Genomics. 65 (2): 121–8. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6164. PMID 10783259.
- Robbins MJ, Michalovich D, Hill J, Calver AR, Medhurst AD, Gloger I, Sims M, Middlemiss DN, Pangalos MN (2000). "Molecular cloning and characterization of two novel retinoic acid-inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptors (GPRC5B and GPRC5C)". Genomics. 67 (1): 8–18. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6226. PMID 10945465.
- Tao Q, Cheng Y, Clifford J, Lotan R (2004). "Characterization of the murine orphan G-protein-coupled receptor gene Rai3 and its regulation by retinoic acid". Genomics. 83 (2): 270–80. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00237-4. PMID 14706456.
- Wu Q, Ding W, Mirza A, Van Arsdale T, Wei I, Bishop WR, Basso A, McClanahan T, Luo L, Kirschmeier P, Gustafson E, Hernandez M, Liu S (2005). "Integrative genomics revealed RAI3 is a cell growth-promoting gene and a novel P53 transcriptional target". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (13): 12935–43. doi:10.1074/jbc.M409901200. PMID 15659406.
- Zhang Y, Wolf-Yadlin A, Ross PL, Pappin DJ, Rush J, Lauffenburger DA, White FM (2005). "Time-resolved mass spectrometry of tyrosine phosphorylation sites in the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling network reveals dynamic modules". Mol. Cell. Proteomics. 4 (9): 1240–50. doi:10.1074/mcp.M500089-MCP200. PMID 15951569.
- Nousiainen M, Silljé HH, Sauer G, Nigg EA, Körner R (2006). "Phosphoproteome analysis of the human mitotic spindle". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 (14): 5391–6. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103.5391N. doi:10.1073/pnas.0507066103. PMC 1459365. PMID 16565220.
- Hirano M, Zang L, Oka T, Ito Y, Shimada Y, Nishimura Y, Tanaka T (2006). "Novel reciprocal regulation of cAMP signaling and apoptosis by orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPRC5A gene expression". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 351 (1): 185–91. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.10.016. PMID 17055459.
- Mori C, Valdivieso AG, Clauzure M, Massip-Copiz MM, Aguilar MA, Cafferata EG, Santa Coloma TA (2020). "Identification and characterization of human PEIG-1/GPRC5A as a 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and PKC-induced gene". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 687: 108375. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2020.108375. PMID 32339486. S2CID 216594760.
External links
- "GPRC5 Receptors: RAIG1". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Archived from the original on 2015-02-03. Retrieved 2008-12-04.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
You must be logged in to post a comment.