Year 1383 (MCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

• May 17 – King John I of Castile and Leon marries Beatrice of Portugal.
• July 7 – James of Baux, ruler of Taranto and Achaea, and last titular Latin Emperor, dies childless.^[1] As a result:
  • Charles III of Naples becomes ruler of Achaea (modern-day southern Greece).
  • Otto, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen, the widower of Joanna I of Naples, becomes ruler of Taranto (eastern Italy).
  • Louis I, Duke of Anjou inherits the claim to the Latin Empire (western Turkey), but never uses the title of Emperor.
• October 22 – King Fernando I of Portugal dies, and is succeeded by his daughter, Beatrice of Portugal. A period of civil war and anarchy, known as the 1383–85 Crisis, begins in Portugal, due to Beatrice being married to King John I of Castile and Leon.

• The Teutonic Knights recommence war against pagan Lithuania.
• Dan I succeeds his father Radu as Prince of Wallachia. He is the ancestor of the House of Dăneşti.
• Rao Chanda succeeds Rao Biram Dev as Rathore ruler of Marwar (in modern-day western India).
• Löwenbräu beer is first brewed.
• Completion of the original inner courtyard of Farleigh Hungerford Castle in Somersetshire, England.
• The Wat Phra That Doi Suthep Temple is built in modern-day Thailand, by King Kuena of Lanna.
• Construction of the Bastille fortress is completed in Paris, France.

• April 30 – Anne of Gloucester, English countess, granddaughter of King Edward III of England (d. 1438)
• September 4
  • Antipope Felix V (d. 1451)
  • Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy (d. 1451)
• November 9 – Niccolò III d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara (d. 1441)
• date unknown – Pope Eugene IV (d. 1447)^[2]

• March 1 – Amadeus VI, Count of Savoy (b. 1334)
• March 3 – Hugh III of Arborea
• June 5 – Dmitry Konstantinovich, Russian prince (b. 1324)
• June 8 – Thomas de Ros, 4th Baron de Ros, English Crusader (b. 1338)
• June 15 – John VI Kantakouzenos, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1292)
• July 7   James of Baux, titular Latin Emperor
• October 22 – King Fernando I of Portugal (b. 1345)
• December 7 – Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg (b. 1337)
• December 23 – Beatrice of Bourbon, Queen of Bohemia (b. 1320)
• date unknown – Radu I, Prince of Wallachia