Events in the year 1909 in India.

• Emperor of India – Edward VII
• Viceroy of India – Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto

• National income - ₹11,094 million
• Adoption of schemes of reform^[1]
• Nasik conspiracy

• Morley-Minto reforms
• Presidency-Towns Insolvency Act
• Anand Marriage Act^[2]

• 1 January – Dattaram Hindlekar, cricketer (died 1949)
• 3 January – M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar, actor and Carnatic singer (died 1959).
• 10 February – Pisharoth Rama Pisharoty, physicist and meteorologist (died 2002).
• 6 April – Alagappa Chettiar, businessman and philanthropist (died 1957).
• 16 July – Aruna Asaf Ali, independence fighter (died 1996).
• 19 July – Balamani Amma, poet (died 2004).
• 9 September – Leela Chitnis, actress (died 2003).
• 2 October – E. P. Poulose, politician (died 1983).
• 28 October – Kodavatiganti Kutumbarao, writer (died 1980).
• 20 December – Vakkom Majeed, freedom fighter and politician (died 2000).

• V. K. Gokak, writer and scholar (died 1992).