Turanian is a term that has been used in reference to diverse groups of people. Many of the uses of the word are obsolete. It may refer to:

• An Iranic ethnic group mentioned in the Avesta
  • See Turanian (Avesta)
  • See Turan
• The Turanid race
• Any historical people of Transoxiana or present-day Turkestan
• Obsolete term for any historical people speaking languages of the obsolete Ural–Altaic family, in particular:
  • The Huns
  • Finno-Ugric peoples like the Finns, Estonians and Hungarians

• Altaic peoples
• Hungarian Turanism
• Turanian languages