This article lists anniversary events related to rail transport that occurred on August 10.

• 1903 – 84 people die in the Paris Metro train fire after a short circuit develops in a train's control system and sparks a fire.
• 1946 – The Pere Marquette Railroad inaugurates the Pere Marquette passenger train between Detroit and Grand Rapids, Michigan.
• 1972 – The Illinois Central Railroad and the Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad merge to form the Illinois Central Gulf Railroad.

• 2003 – M>Train (Melbourne, Australia) returns fleet of Siemens trains to service.

• 1821 – Jay Cooke, American financier who built the Northern Pacific Railway, is born (d. 1905).