A mountain lion, or cougar, is a large cat native to the Americas.

Mountain lion may also refer to:

• Sacramento Mountain Lions, a team in the United Football League
• Sullivan Mountain Lions, a minor league baseball team
• Concord Mountain Lions, the teams of Concord University, in West Virginia
• UCCS Mountain Lions, the teams of the University of Colorado Colorado Springs
• Young Harris Mountain Lions, the teams of Young Harris College, in Georgia

• The Mountain Lion, a 1947 novel by Jean Stafford
• OS X Mountain Lion, a computer operating system

• Mountain cat (disambiguation)