Rura Penthe is the name of a fictional penal colony in the following works:
- A penal colony island in the 1954 Disney film 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea
- A Klingon penal planetoid in the Star Trek universe, featured in:
- The 1991 feature film Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country
- Two 2003 episodes of Star Trek: Enterprise
- A deleted scene from the 2009 feature film Star Trek