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The Cali Jibrahil is a historical clan that is part of the Majerteen clan, one of the main subclans within the Darod tribe.^[2] The clan is spread across Somalia, with a strong concentration in the Puntland region, particularly in the Bari province

The Cali Jibrahil are known for their deep loyalty and their reputation as skilled warriors, which has given them an important role in the region's history.

In addition to their military skills, the Cali Jibrahil clan also has a rich and vibrant cultural identity, which has been passed down through generations.^[3] The clan is recognized for its traditional Warrior customs, which have played a central role in shaping their social structure and community life. These customs include codes of honor, bravery, and loyalty, which are essential to their way of life.^{[citation needed]}

Moreover, the clan places a strong emphasis on family ties and social cohesion, which are deeply ingrained in their daily practices and interactions.^[4] The Cali Jibrahil's social structure has long been built around close-knit familial relationships that foster a sense of unity and collective responsibility.^{[citation needed]}

Over the centuries, this unique cultural heritage, combined with their military prowess, has allowed the clan to maintain a significant presence in the political and economic developments of Somalia, with a lasting impact on the history of the region.^[5]

The Cali Jibrahil clan has played an important role throughout the centuries within the Somali clans, particularly within the Majerteen clan and the broader Darod tribe.^[2] During the colonial period, the clan was known for its resistance against the Italian occupation.^{[citation needed]}

The Cali Jibrahil played an active role in the Dervish resistance led by Muḥammad ibn 'Abdallāh Hassan, also known as the "Mad Mullah".They achieved significant victories against the colonial powers until the resistance was definitively defeated in 1920. After this defeat, the clan continued its resistance, but now in a more political and diplomatic manner.^{[citation needed]}

Before colonization, the Cali Jibrahil clan was part of the Kingdom of Boqor Cismaan, where they held important positions. After Somalia's independence in 1960, members of the Cali Jibrahil clan held prominent positions in the new state, including generals and ministers.^{[citation needed]}

Additionally, the clan played a leading role in the establishment of Puntland in 1998, an autonomous region in northeastern Somalia.^[6] To this day, the Cali Jibrahil clan remains an influential player in Somalia's political and social developments.^{[citation needed]}

The Cali Jibrahil clan predominantly resides in the Bari and Karkaar regions of northeastern Somalia, where they form a significant portion of the local population.

In Bari, which is the largest region in Somalia, the clan has a widespread presence. The Cali Jibrahil are particularly concentrated in major urban areas such as Bosaso and Ufeyn, the latter being considered the political and cultural capital of the clan. Bosaso, as the largest city in Puntland, also has a large population of Cali Jibrahil members, who play a significant role in the city's economic and political life.

The Cali Jibrahil clan also has a significant diaspora spread across various parts of the world, particularly in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Europe, North America, and Canada.

The Cali Jibrahil clan has had various leaders throughout its history, but currently, the three most important clan leaders are:

• Suldaan Nuur Suldaan Maxamed
• Beldaaje Cali Beldaaje Faarax
• Garaad Maxamuud Diriye Cumar

Suldaan Nuur Suldaan Maxamed is the highest leader of the Cali Jibrahil clan.^[7] He inherited this position following the passing of his father, Suldaan Maxamed Suldaan Aadan, and has since been responsible for guiding the clan in political, social, and cultural matters. As the supreme leader, Suldaan Nuur plays a crucial role in maintaining unity within the clan, representing its interests in Puntland, and continuing the legacy of leadership established by his father.^{[citation needed]}

His father, Suldaan Maxamed Suldaan Aadan Maxamuud (1932–2011), served as the leader of the Cali Jibrahil clan for 19 years, from 1992 to 2011. Prior to becoming Suldaan, he already held an influential position within the clan.^[8] Suldaan Maxamed was one of the founding figures of Puntland in 1998 and played a key role in shaping the region’s political landscape. He was widely respected for his mediation skills and was known for bringing peace between warring clans, both within Puntland and across Somalia.^{[citation needed]}

• Cabdulcasiis Qambi Guhaad – Member of Parliament in the central government of Somalia.^[10]
• Beldaaje Cali Beldaaje Faarax – A prominent figure in the clan, with influence in social and political affairs.^[11]
• Suldaan Maxamed Suldaan Aadan Maxamuud (1932–2011) – Former leader of the clan and one of the founders of Puntland.^{[citation needed]}
• Suldaan Nuur Suldaan Maxamed – Current leader of the Cali Jibrahil clan.^[12]
• Beldaaje Cali Beldaaje Faarax – A prominent figure in the clan, with influence in social and political affairs.^[13]
• Garaad Maxamuud Diriye Cumar – A key figure within the clan, active in both domestic and international diplomacy.^{[citation needed]}

• Majerteen
• Darod
• Puntland
• Harti

• Garowe Online – Somali news source covering politics, history, and clan affairs.
• Hiiraan Online – A major Somali news platform with historical and political insights.
• Horseed Media – Somali news and analysis on cultural and historical developments.
• Somali Studies – Academic research and publications on Somali clans and history.
• Somali Networks – Structures of Clan and Society – An academic study on Somali clan structures and societal networks.
• From Clans to Colonials to Contemporary Times: The Shifting Dynamics of Somali Social, Economic, and Cultural Life – A scholarly article examining the evolution of Somali clans and their societal impact.
• State and Clan Violence in Somalia – An academic paper discussing the interplay between state and clan-related violence in Somalia.