Italy has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 49 times since making its debut as one of only seven countries to compete at the first contest in 1956, which took inspiration from the Sanremo Music Festival.[1] The Italian participant broadcaster in the contest is Radiotelevisione italiana (RAI). It competed at the contest without interruption until 1980, discontinuing its participation on a number of occasions during the 1980s and 1990s. After a 13-year absence starting in 1998, the country returned to the contest in 2011. Italy has won the contest three times, along with an additional 16 top-five finishes. Italy hosted the contest in Naples (1965), Rome (1991), and Turin (2022).

In 1958, "Nel blu, dipinto di blu" performed by Domenico Modugno finished third. Commonly known as "Volare", the song became a huge international hit, topping the US Billboard Hot 100 and winning two Grammy Awards at its first edition. "Uno per tutte" by Emilio Pericoli also finished third in 1963, before Italy won for the first time in 1964 with "Non ho l'età" by Gigliola Cinquetti. Cinquetti returned to the contest in 1974 and finished second with "Sì", losing to "Waterloo" by ABBA. Italy then finished third in 1975 with "Era" by Wess and Dori Ghezzi. The country's best result of the 1980s was "Gente di mare" by Umberto Tozzi and Raf finishing third in 1987. Italy's second victory in the contest came in 1990 with "Insieme: 1992" by Toto Cutugno. Other good 1990s results were "Rapsodia" by Mia Martini in 1992 and "Fiumi di parole" by Jalisse in 1997, which both finished fourth. After 1997, Italy withdrew from the competition.

On 31 December 2010, the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) announced that Italy would be returning to the contest as part of the "Big Five", thereby granting the country automatic qualification for the final.[2] Italy's return to the contest has proved to be successful, finishing in the top ten in 11 of the last 13 contests (2011–24), including second places for "Madness of Love" by Raphael Gualazzi (2011) and "Soldi" by Mahmood (2019), and third place for "Grande amore" by Il Volo (2015). "Grande amore" won the televote, receiving votes from all countries, but came sixth with the juries. This was the first time since the introduction of the mixed jury/televote system in 2009 that the televote winner did not end up winning the contest. Italy achieved its third victory in the contest in 2021, with "Zitti e buoni" by the rock band Måneskin.

History

Radiotelevisione italiana (RAI) is a full member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), thus eligible to participate in the Eurovision Song Contest. It has participated in the contest representing Italy since its first edition in 1956.

Absences

Italy has withdrawn from the Eurovision Song Contest a number of times. The first withdrawal was in 1981, when RAI stated that interest had diminished in the country.[3] This absence continued through 1982, before Italy returned in 1983. Italy again withdrew in 1986 when RAI decided not to enter the contest.[4] From 1994 to 1996, Italy withdrew again, with RAI citing a lack of interest in participating. Italy returned in 1997, before withdrawing again without explanation, and the country did not participate again until 2011.[5]

None of the 20th century Eurovision-winning songs were particularly successful in the Italian charts. "Non ho l'età" by Gigliola Cinquetti was a hit in February 1964 when the song won the 1964 contest, but according to the official "Hit Parade Italia" website, "Waterloo", "Ding-a-dong", "Puppet on a String", "Save Your Kisses for Me" and even Italy's own winning entry of 1990, "Insieme: 1992", all failed to enter the top ten of the records sales charts. A notable exception to this rule was the 1984 entry "I treni di Tozeur" by Alice and Franco Battiato, which shared fifth place in the final, but still became a #3 hit in Italy and also placed at #20 on the chart of the best-selling Italian singles in 1984.

TV censorship of the 1974 contest

RAI refused to broadcast the 1974 contest live because their competing song, sung by Gigliola Cinquetti, coincided with the intense political campaigning for the 1974 Italian divorce referendum which was to be held a month later in May. Despite the Eurovision Song Contest taking place more than a month before the planned vote, Italian censors refused to allow the contest and song to be shown or heard. RAI censors felt that the song, titled "Sì" (Yes), and contained lyrics constantly repeating the aforementioned word could be subject to accusation of being subliminal messaging and a form of propaganda to influence the Italian voting public to vote 'yes' in the referendum (thus to repeal the law that allowed divorce).[6] The song thus remained censored on most Italian state TV and radio stations for over a month. At the contest in Brighton, Cinquetti finished second, losing to ABBA. "Sì" went on to be a UK top ten hit, peaking at number eight. It also reached the German top 20.[citation needed] The contest was broadcast in June.

The 2008–2010 period

In 2008, two notable Italian musicians, Vince Tempera (who was the conductor for Malta in 1975 and had helped San Marino take part in the ESC in 2008) and Eurovision winner Toto Cutugno expressed their sorrow at Italy's non-participation and called for the country to return to the contest.[7][8]

Contestants from the 2008 contest, starting with the winner Dima Bilan appeared on the Italian show Carramba! Che fortuna, hosted by Raffaella Carrà on Rai Uno. Whether this was an initiative by Carrà (who presented three shows in TVE concerning the event) to try to bring Eurovision back to Italy is not clear, but Sietse Bakker, then-Manager Communications & PR of the Eurovision Song Contest, reiterated that "Italy is still very much welcome to take part in the competition."[9][10]

Shortly after revealing the list of participants for the 2009 contest, the EBU announced that they would work harder to bring Italy back into the contest, along with former participants Monaco and Austria.[11]

Return (2011–present)

At a press conference presenting the fourth edition of the Italian X Factor, Rai 2 director Massimo Liofredi announced that the winner of the competition might advance to represent Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest, rather than participate in the Sanremo Festival, as in previous years. On 2 December 2010, it was officially announced by the EBU that Italy had applied to compete in the 2011 contest.[12] Their participation was further confirmed on 31 December with the announcement of the official participant list.[2]

Italy's return to the contest after a 13-year absence has been successful, finishing in the top ten in 11 of the last 13 contests (2011–24). In 2011, Raphael Gualazzi finished second, then Italy's best result since 1990. Italy came first with the jury vote, but only 11th in the televote to place second overall behind eventual winner Azerbaijan. Nina Zilli in 2012 and Marco Mengoni in 2013 placed in the top ten (ninth and seventh, respectively); the latter scored 126 points, exactly doubling the points total of the other "Big Five" countries that year. This trend had a stop in 2014, when internally-selected Emma Marrone finished in 21st place. In 2015, Il Volo finished third with 292 points, behind winner Sweden and runner-up Russia, placing first in the televote but sixth in the jury vote. Since the introduction of the 50/50 split voting system, this was the first time that the televote winner did not win the contest overall. Francesca Michielin, selected among the competitors of Sanremo 2016 after the waiver of the winners Stadio, ended in 16th place. Francesco Gabbani came in sixth place in 2017. The year after, although not initially a big favourite with the bookmakers, Ermal Meta and Fabrizio Moro returned Italy to the top five, aided significantly by finishing third in the televote, which heavily counterbalanced the 17th place by the jury, finishing fifth overall. In 2019, Mahmood placed second with 472 points, Italy's best result since 2011, until Måneskin won the contest in 2021 with 524 points. Måneskin's victory marked the band's breakthrough on the international music scene. Mahmood returned in 2022 as the host entrant alongside Blanco, placing sixth, followed by Mengoni returning in 2023, placing fourth, and Angelina Mango finishing in seventh place in 2024.

Sanremo Music Festival

Main article: Sanremo Music Festival

The Sanremo Music Festival is the most popular Italian song contest and awards ceremony, held annually in the city of Sanremo, Liguria. First held in 1951 and itself the basis and inspiration for the Eurovision Song Contest, the festival has often been used as a method of choosing the Italian entry for the European contest, with some exceptions over the years. Since 2015, the winner of the festival has been given the right of first refusal to represent Italy in the contest.[1][13]

Italy and the "Big Five"

Since 1999, four countries – France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom – have automatically qualified for the Eurovision final regardless of their results in previous contests.[14] The participant broadcasters from these countries earned this special status by being the four biggest financial contributors to the EBU, and subsequently became known as the "Big Four". In a meeting with OGAE Serbia in 2007, then-executive supervisor of the contest Svante Stockselius stated that, if Italy were to return to the contest in the future, the country would also automatically qualify for the final, becoming part of a "Big Five".[15][16] However, with the official announcement of the return of Italy, it was not confirmed whether the country would compete in one of the two semi-finals or be part of the "Big Five", as RAI, third largest contributor to the EBU, had not applied for "Big Five" membership.[17] On 31 December 2010, it was announced that Italy would take part in the 2011 contest and confirmed that the country would automatically qualify for the final as part of the "Big Five".[2]

Italy is currently the most successful Big Five country in the Eurovision Song Contest following the introduction of the rule, finishing in the top ten in 11 of the last 13 contests (2011–24), including a victory for Måneskin (2021), second places for Raphael Gualazzi (2011) and Mahmood (2019), and third place for Il Volo (2015). It is one of the only two countries of the Big Five – since it was introduced – to have won, the other being Germany in 2010.

Participation overview

Table key
1 First place
2 Second place
3 Third place
◁ Last place
X Entry selected but did not compete
† Upcoming event
Year Artist Song Language Final Points Semi Points
1956 Franca Raimondi "Aprite le finestre" Italian —[a] —[a] No semi-finals
Tonina Torrielli "Amami se vuoi" Italian
1957 Nunzio Gallo "Corde della mia chitarra" Italian 6 7
1958 Domenico Modugno "Nel blu, dipinto di blu" Italian 3 13
1959 Domenico Modugno "Piove" Italian 6 9
1960 Renato Rascel "Romantica" Italian 8 5
1961 Betty Curtis "Al di là" Italian 5 12
1962 Claudio Villa "Addio, addio" Italian 9 3
1963 Emilio Pericoli "Uno per tutte" Italian 3 37
1964 Gigliola Cinquetti "Non ho l'età" Italian 1 49
1965 Bobby Solo "Se piangi, se ridi" Italian 5 15
1966 Domenico Modugno "Dio, come ti amo" Italian 17 ◁ 0
1967 Claudio Villa "Non andare più lontano" Italian 11 4
1968 Sergio Endrigo "Marianne" Italian 10 7
1969 Iva Zanicchi "Due grosse lacrime bianche" Italian 13 5
1970 Gianni Morandi "Occhi di ragazza" Italian 8 5
1971 Massimo Ranieri "L'amore è un attimo" Italian 5 91
1972 Nicola Di Bari "I giorni dell'arcobaleno" Italian 6 92
1973 Massimo Ranieri "Chi sarà con te" Italian 13 74
1974 Gigliola Cinquetti "Sì" Italian 2 18
1975 Wess and Dori Ghezzi "Era" Italian 3 115
1976 Romina and Al Bano "We'll Live It All Again" English, Italian 7 69
1977 Mia Martini "Libera" Italian 13 33
1978 Ricchi e Poveri "Questo amore" Italian 12 53
1979 Matia Bazar "Raggio di luna" Italian 15 27
1980 Alan Sorrenti "Non so che darei" Italian 6 87
1983 Riccardo Fogli "Per Lucia" Italian 11 41
1984 Alice and Franco Battiato "I treni di Tozeur" Italian 5 70
1985 Al Bano and Romina Power "Magic Oh Magic" Italian, English 7 78
1987 Umberto Tozzi and Raf "Gente di mare" Italian 3 103
1988 Luca Barbarossa "Ti scrivo" Italian 12 52
1989 Anna Oxa and Fausto Leali "Avrei voluto" Italian 9 56
1990 Toto Cutugno "Insieme: 1992" Italian 1 149
1991 Peppino di Capri "Comme è ddoce 'o mare" Neapolitan 7 89
1992 Mia Martini "Rapsodia" Italian 4 111
1993 Enrico Ruggeri "Sole d'Europa" Italian 12 45 Kvalifikacija za Millstreet
1997 Jalisse "Fiumi di parole" Italian 4 114 No semi-finals
2011 Raphael Gualazzi "Madness of Love" Italian, English 2 189 Member of the "Big Five"
2012 Nina Zilli "L'amore è femmina (Out of Love)" English, Italian 9 101
2013 Marco Mengoni "L'essenziale" Italian 7 126
2014 Emma "La mia città" Italian 21 33
2015 Il Volo "Grande amore" Italian 3 292
2016 Francesca Michielin "No Degree of Separation" Italian, English 16 124
2017 Francesco Gabbani "Occidentali's Karma" Italian 6 334
2018 Ermal Meta and Fabrizio Moro "Non mi avete fatto niente" Italian 5 308
2019 Mahmood "Soldi" Italian 2 472
2020 Diodato "Fai rumore" Italian Contest cancelled[b] X
2021 Måneskin "Zitti e buoni" Italian 1 524
2022 Mahmood and Blanco "Brividi" Italian 6 268 Member of the "Big Five"
Host country
2023 Marco Mengoni "Due vite" Italian 4 350 Member of the "Big Five"
2024 Angelina Mango "La noia" Italian 7 268
2025 Lucio Corsi "Volevo essere un duro" Italian Upcoming †

Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest

Further information: Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest
Artist Song Language At Congratulations At Eurovision
Final Points Semi Points Year Place Points
Domenico Modugno "Nel blu, dipinto di blu" Italian 2 267 2 200 1958 3 13

Hostings

Year Location Venue Presenters
1965 Naples Auditorium RAI Renata Mauro
1991 Rome Teatro 15 di Cinecittà Gigliola Cinquetti and Toto Cutugno
2022 Turin PalaOlimpico Alessandro Cattelan, Laura Pausini and Mika

Awards

Marcel Bezençon Awards

Further information: Marcel Bezençon Awards
Year Category Song Performer Final Points Host city Ref.
2015 Press Award "Grande amore" Il Volo 3 292 Austria Vienna
[18]
2017 Press Award "Occidentali's Karma" Francesco Gabbani 6 334 Ukraine Kyiv
[19]
2019 Composer Award "Soldi" Mahmood 2 465 Israel Tel Aviv
[20]
2023 Composer Award "Due vite" Marco Mengoni 4 350 United Kingdom Liverpool
[21]

Winner by OGAE members

Further information: OGAE
Year Song Performer Final
result 		Points Host city Ref.
2015 "Grande amore" Il Volo 3 292 Austria Vienna
[22]
2017 "Occidentali's Karma" Francesco Gabbani 6 334 Ukraine Kyiv
[23]
2019 "Soldi" Mahmood 2 465 Israel Tel Aviv
[24]

Conductors

Year Eurovision Conductor Musical Director Notes Ref.
1956 Gian Stellari N/A [25]
1957 Armando Trovajoli
1958 Italy United Kingdom Alberto Semprini
1959 William Galassini [it]
1960 Cinico Angelini
1961 Gianfranco Intra
1962 Cinico Angelini
1963 Gigi Chichellero [it]
1964 Gianfranco Monaldi [it]
1965 Gianni Ferrio [c]
1966 Angelo Giacomazzi [it] N/A [d]
1967 Giancarlo Chiaramello
1968
1969 Ezio Leoni
1970 Mario Capuano [it] [26]
1971 Enrico Polito [it]
1972 Gian Franco Reverberi
1973 Enrico Polito
1974 Gianfranco Monaldi
1975 Natale Massara
1976 Maurizio Fabrizio
1977
1978 Nicola Samale
1979 No conductor [e]
1980 United Kingdom Del Newman [27]
1983 Maurizio Fabrizio
1984 Giusto Pio
1985 Fiorenzo Zanotti
1987 Gianfranco Lombardi [it]
1988 No conductor [e]
1989 Mario Natale
1990 Gianni Madonini
1991 Bruno Canfora
1992 Marco Falagiani [it] N/A
1993 Vittorio Cosma
1997 Lucio Fabbri

Heads of delegation

Each participating broadcaster in the Eurovision Song Contest assigns a head of delegation as the EBU's contact person and the leader of their delegation at the event. The delegation, whose size can greatly vary, includes a head of press, the performers, songwriters, composers, and backing vocalists, among others.[28]

Year Head of delegation Ref.
2011–2019 Nicola Caligiore
[29]
2020–2021 Simona Martorelli
[30]
2022–present Mariangela Borneo
[31]

Commentators and spokespersons

Television and radio commentators and spokespersons
Year Television Radio Spokesperson Ref.
Channel Commentator(s) Channel Commentator(s)
1956 RAI Televisione Franco Marazzi Secondo Programma Unknown No spokesperson [32][33]
1957 Unknown Unknown [34][35]
1958 Bianca Maria Piccinino Bianca Maria Piccinino [36][37]
1959 Renato Tagliani [it] Renato Tagliani [38][39]
1960 Giorgio Porro Giorgio Porro [40][41]
1961 Corrado Mantoni Corrado Mantoni [42][43][44]
1962 Programma Nazionale TV Renato Tagliani No radio broadcast [45]
1963 [46]
1964 [47]
1965 Secondo Programma Renato Tagliani [48][49]
1966 Secondo Programma TV No radio broadcast [50]
1967 [51]
1968 [52]
1969 [53]
1970 [54]
1971 Programma Nazionale TV Secondo Programma Renato Tagliani No spokesperson [55][56]
1972 [57][58]
1973 No radio broadcast [59]
1974 Secondo Programma TV Rosanna Vaudetti Secondo Programma Rosanna Vaudetti Unknown [60][61]
1975 Programma Nazionale TV Silvio Noto Silvio Noto [62][63]
1976 Rete Uno No radio broadcast [64]
1977 [65]
1978 Rete Due Tullio Grazzini Rai Radio 2 Tullio Grazzini [66][67]
1979 Rete Uno Rosanna Vaudetti No radio broadcast Paola Perissi [it] [68]
1980 Rete Due Michele Gammino Unknown [69]
1981–1982 No broadcast Did not participate
1983 Rete Uno Paolo Frajese [it] No radio broadcast Unknown [70]
1984 Rai Due Antonio De Robertis RaiStereoUno [it] Antonio De Robertis [71][72]
1985 Rosanna Vaudetti Unknown [73][74]
1986 Telepordenone [it] Unknown No radio broadcast Did not participate [75]
1987 Rai Due Rosanna Vaudetti Unknown [76]
1988 Rai Tre Daniele Piombi [77]
1989 Rai Uno Gabriella Carlucci [78]
1990 Rai Due Peppi Franzelin [it] [79][80]
1991 Rai Uno No commentator Rosanna Vaudetti [81][82]
1992 Rai Due Peppi Franzelin Unknown [83]
1993 RAI Uno Ettore Andenna [it] [84]
1994–1996 No broadcast Did not participate
1997 RAI Uno Ettore Andenna No radio broadcast Peppi Franzelin [85][86]
1998–2002 No broadcast Did not participate
2003 GAY.tv Fabio Canino and Paolo Quilici No radio broadcast [87]
2004–2010 No broadcast
2011 Rai 5 (SF2)
Rai 2 (Final) 		Raffaella Carrà and Bob Sinclar Rai Radio 2 (SF2) Raffaella Carrà and Bob Sinclar Raffaella Carrà [88]
2012 Rai 5 (SF1)
Rai 2 (Final) 		Federica Gentile [it] (SF1)
Marco Ardemagni [it] and Filippo Solibello [it] (Final) 		No radio broadcast Ivan Bacchi [it] [89][90][91]
2013 Federica Gentile (SF1)
Filippo Solibello, Marco Ardemagni and Natascha Lusenti [it] 		Federica Gentile [92][93][94]
2014 Rai 4 (Semi-finals)
Rai 2 (Final) 		Marco Ardemagni and Filippo Solibello (Semi-finals)
Linus and Nicola Savino (Final) 		Linus [95][96][97][98]
2015 Rai 4 (Semi-finals)
Rai 2, Rai HD (Final) 		Marco Ardemagni and Filippo Solibello (Semi-finals)
Federico Russo and Valentina Correani [it] (Final) 		Rai Radio 2 Marco Ardemagni and Filippo Solibello Federico Russo [99][100]
2016 Rai 4 (Semi-finals)
Rai 1 (Final) 		Marco Ardemagni and Filippo Solibello (Semi-finals)
Flavio Insinna and Federico Russo (Final) 		Claudia Andreatti [101][102][103][104]
2017 Andrea Delogu [it] and Diego Passoni [it] (Semi-finals)
Flavio Insinna and Federico Russo (Final) 		No radio broadcast Giulia Valentina Palermo [105][106][107]
2018 Carolina Di Domenico and Saverio Raimondo [it] (Semi-finals)
Serena Rossi and Federico Russo (Final) 		Rai Radio 2 (Final) Carolina Di Domenico and Ema Stokholma [it] [108][109][110]
2019 Ema Stokholma [it] (Semi-finals)
Flavio Insinna (Final)
Federico Russo (All shows) 		Federico Russo (Semi-finals)
Gino Castaldo [it] (Final)
Ema Stokholma (All shows) 		Ema Stokholma [111][112][113][114][115]
2020 Rai 4 (Semi-finals)
Rai 1 (Final) 		Not announced before cancellation Rai Radio 2 (Final) Not announced before cancellation [116][117]
2021 Rai 4 (Semi-finals)
Rai 1 (Final) 		Ema Stokholma and Saverio Raimondo [it] (Semi-finals)
Gabriele Corsi and Cristiano Malgioglio (Final) 		Rai Radio 2 (Final) Saverio Raimondo (Semi-finals)
Gino Castaldo (Final)
Ema Stokholma (All shows) 		Carolina Di Domenico [118][119][120][121]
2022 Rai 1, Rai 4K [it], Rai Italia Gabriele Corsi, Cristiano Malgioglio and Carolina Di Domenico Rai Radio 2 Ema Stokholma, Gino Castaldo and Saverio Raimondo [122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129]
RaiPlay The Jackal [it]
2023 Rai 2 (Semi-finals)
Rai 1 (Final) 		Gabriele Corsi and Mara Maionchi Mariolina Simone [it], Diletta Parlangeli and Saverio Raimondo Kaze [130][131][132][133][134][135]
2024 Diletta Parlangeli and Matteo Osso Mario Acampa [it] [136][137]
2025 TBA TBA [138][139]

Other shows

Show Commentator(s) Channel(s) Ref.
Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light Flavio Insinna and Federico Russo Rai 1
[140]
Gino Castaldo [it] and Ema Stokholma [it] Rai 4
Rai Radio 2

See also

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ^ a b The 1956 contest had secret voting and, apart from the winner, no results were released.
  2. ^ The 2020 contest was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
  3. ^ Ferrio also conducted the Austrian and Irish entries
  4. ^ Giacomazzi was originally brought in to conduct the Italian entry, but the Luxembourgish orchestra didn't perform it to singer Domenico Modugno's satisfaction. The Italian performance was then accompanied by a small ensemble of musicians, with Giacomazzi playing the piano. Therefore, the Italian entry didn't technically feature the orchestra, but Giacomazzi was still credited as the entry's conductor.
  5. ^ a b The Italian entry was performed without orchestral accompaniment.

References

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Allikas: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_1979
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