Charles Dayan (July 8, 1792 – December 25, 1877) was an American lawyer and politician. From 1831 to 1833, he served one term in the U.S. House of Representatives from the state of New York.

After graduating from Lowville Academy, Dayan became a teacher.

He was commissioned a lieutenant colonel in the War of 1812.

Afterwards he studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1817, and practiced in Lowville.

He was a member of the New York State Senate (5th D.) from 1827 to 1828, sitting in the 50th and 51st New York State Legislatures. He was President pro tempore of the State Senate and Acting Lieutenant Governor of New York from October 17 to December 31, 1828.

Dayan was a presidential elector in 1828, voting for Andrew Jackson and John C. Calhoun.

He was elected as a Jacksonian to the 22nd United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1831, to March 3, 1833.

He was a member of the New York State Assembly (Lewis Co.) in 1835 and 1836.

From 1840 to 1845, he was District Attorney of Lewis County.

He retired from public life because of ill health, but continued the practice of law.

He died on December 25, 1877, and was buried at Lowville Rural Cemetery.

• United States Congress. "Charles Dayan (id: D000162)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
• [1] Political Graveyard