Du Lingyang
| Du Lingyang 杜陵陽 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Empress consort of the Eastern Jin dynasty | |||||
| Tenure | 17 March 336 – 7 April 341 | ||||
| Predecessor | Empress Yu Wenjun | ||||
| Successor | Empress Chu Suanzi | ||||
| Born | 321 | ||||
| Died | 7 April 341 (aged 19–20) Jiankang, Eastern Jin | ||||
| Spouse | Emperor Cheng of Jin | ||||
| |||||
| Father | Du Yi | ||||
| Mother | Lady Pei Mu | ||||
Du Lingyang (Chinese: 杜陵陽; 321 – 7 April 341[1]), formally Empress Chenggong (成恭皇后) was an empress of the Jin dynasty (266–420) of China.[2] Her husband was Emperor Cheng of Jin.[3]
Naming
Some historians believe that her name was simply Du Ling, and that imperial archivists mistakenly attached the character "yang" to her name later. They point out that while the name of a county with the character "ling" in its name was changed pursuant to naming taboo, many names of places with "yang" in their names were not changed. However, there can be other explanations for this.
Life
Du Lingyang was a daughter of Du Yi (杜乂), a mid-level official and the hereditary Marquis of Dangyang, a grandson of the general Du Yu, who contributed much to Emperor Wu of Jin's conquest of Eastern Wu. Du Yi died early, and Du Lingyang, who did not have any brothers, was raised by her mother Lady Pei Mu (裴穆).[4]
Du Lingyang was famed for her beauty and virtues, and Emperor Cheng made her his empress on 17 March 336,[5][2] when both of them were 15. He apparently favored her greatly, but she was childless. She died in April 341, 15 months before his death.
After her death, her name was tabooed (meaning that other important people or places should not share her name) to honour her, and thus the name of the county Lingyang (headquarter in modern Southern Lingyang town, Qingyang, Anhui) was changed to Guangyang. This is believed to be the first instance of a geographical name being changed due to a taboo of the name of an empress.[3]
References
- ^ wuxu day of the 3rd month of the 7th year of the Xian'kang era, per Emperor Cheng's biography in Book of Jin
- ^ a b Venning, Timothy (2023-06-30). A Compendium of World Sovereigns: Volume I Ancient. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-86850-0.
- ^ a b Adamek, Piotr (2017-07-05). Good Son is Sad If He Hears the Name of His Father: The Tabooing of Names in China as a Way of Implementing Social Values. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-56521-9.
- ^ According to Lady Du's biography, Pei Mu's father was Pei Xia (裴遐) and her grandfathers were Pei Chuo (裴绰) and Wang Yifu (Wang Yan). (裴氏名穆，长水校尉绰孙，太傅主簿遐女，太尉王夷甫外孙。) Jin Shu, vol.32. Pei Xia's cousins include Princess Pei, wife of Sima Yue (daughter of Pei Kang) and Pei Xian (son of Pei Kai). Pei Mu was still alive in 374 (2nd year of the Ningkang era of the reign of Emperor Xiaowu of Jin), where she was made xianjun of Guangde (孝武帝立，宁康二年，以后母裴氏为广德县君.) Jin Shu, vol.32.
- ^ xinhai day of the 2nd month of the 2nd year of the Xian'kang era, per Emperor Cheng's biography in Book of Jin
- Fang, Xuanling. Book of Jin (Jin Shu).