Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur

This article is about a person whose name includes a patronymic. The article properly refers to the person by their given name, Abdirahman, and not as Ahmed Ali Tuur.
Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur
عبد الرحمن أحمد علي الطور
Tuur before 1995
1st President of Somaliland
In office
June 7, 1991[1] – May 16, 1993
Vice PresidentHassan Isse Jama
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byMuhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal
Chairman of the Somali National Movement[2]
In office
April 1990 – May 1991
Preceded byAhmed Mohamed Mohamoud
Succeeded byPosition abolished
Personal details
Born(1931-11-06)November 6, 1931
Burao, British Somaliland (now Somaliland)
DiedNovember 8, 2003(2003-11-08) (aged 72)
Hargeisa, Somaliland[3]
SpouseKinsi Ibrahim Osman[4] Basbas
Alma materUniversity of Exeter

Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur (Somali: Cabdiraxmaan Axmed Cali Tuur, Arabic: عبد الرحمن أحمد علي الطور) (var. "Tur", "Tour", meaning "Hunchback"[5]) (November 6, 1931 - November 8, 2003) was a Somaliland politician who served as the first President of Somaliland from 1991 to 1993. Tuur previously served as the Chairman of the Somali National Movement from 1990 to 1991.

Biography

Tuur was born on November 6, 1931, in Burao, then a part of the British Somaliland Protectorate. He hailed from the Muse Arreh sub clan of the Habar Yoonis.[6]

He was one of the top students who graduated from the first Intermediate School in the British Somaliland Protectorate and was given a scholarship to Sudan in 1948 to study at the renowned Hantoob Secondary School. In Hantoob, he met and befriended some of the future Sudanese leaders like Jaafar Nimeiry, Sadiq Al-Mahdi and Hassan Al-Turabi. Abdirahman excelled both in sports (especially football and track) and academic studies. He later received an additional scholarship to study at the University of Exeter.

After successfully completing his university in the UK, Abdirahman returned and started his career as an Administrative Officer in Borama in 1956 and was elevated to the position of District Commissioner (DC) 3 years later (1959). In 1961 he became Governor of the Eastern Region (Burao) and then in 1964 the Governor of Western Region (Hargeisa). In that same year he joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs where he was appointed in the following diplomatic posts:

  • Sudan 1964-1968 and 1970-1971 Ambassador
  • Ethiopia 1972-1977 Ambassador
  • East Germany 1978-1981 Ambassador
  • UAE 1981-1983 Ambassador

He later became the Chairman of the Somali National Movement (SNM), a guerilla force mainly drawn from his Isaaq clan, which was attempting to topple former President of Somalia Siad Barre's military regime. Although the SNM at its inception had a unionist constitution, it eventually began to pursue a separatist agenda, looking to secede from the rest of Somalia. Under Tuur's leadership, the local administration declared the northwestern Somali territories independent on 18 May 1991. He then became the newly established Somaliland's first President, but subsequently renounced the separatist platform in 1994. Tuur concurrently began instead to publicly seek and advocate reconciliation with the rest of Somalia under a power-sharing federal system of governance.[7] In doing so, he also represented the interests of many other Isaaq members, who were against secession.[6] Tuur additionally lent some support to the UNOSOM peace-building mission in the southern regions.[8][better source needed] Tuur was sentenced to death in absentia by the government of Mohamed Haji Ibrahim Egal for treason, Tuur went to Mogadishu, where he joined the government of Mohamed Farrah Aidid. However, after some disagreements with Mohamed Farrah Aidid, Tuur went to London where he lived until 2001, when he came back to Somaliland and declared he had accepted the secessionist position. He spent the rest of his life in his hometown of Burao. In 2003, during the 2003 Somaliland presidential election, Tuur campaigned in support of Dahir Riyale Kahin, who would end up winning and would be inaugurated as the third President of Somaliland.[9]

Death

Tuur died on November 8, 2003, at the age of 72 and was buried in Burao, Somaliland.[10]

References

  1. ^ 37. Somalia/Somaliland (1960-present).
  2. ^ "Civil Society & their role in Africa's struggle to deepen democracy: Experiences of Somaliland in the Horn by Cde. Iqbal Jhazbhay" (PDF). www.alnef.org.za. Retrieved 2019-09-12.
  3. ^ 37. Somalia/Somaliland (1960-present).
  4. ^ Somalilandsun.com (31 May 2015). "Somaliland: A Tribute to Abdirahman Ahmed Ali "Tuur" Father of Re-independence". Archived from the original on 2021-02-07.
  5. ^ Issue Paper: SOMALIA, UPDATE ON THE SITUATION IN THE NORTH (SOMALILAND)[permanent dead link], Research Directorate of the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, January 1995
  6. ^ a b Diedrich Westermann, Edwin William Smith, Cyril Daryll Forde (2009). Africa, Volume 79, Issues 1-4. Oxford University Press. p. 259.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ "Somaliland's Quest for International Recognition and the HBM-SSC Factor". Archived from the original on May 28, 2012.
  8. ^ Somaliland and Peace in the Horn of Africa: A Situation Report and Analysis Archived 2008-05-17 at the Wayback Machine, M. Bryden, UN Emergencies Unit for Ethiopia Drafted 13 November 1995. Updated/edited version Published in African Security Review Vol 13 No 2, 2004 Archived June 26, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ Halgan News (2003). Taariikh Nololeedkii Madaxweyne C/Raxmaan Axmed Cali.
  10. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-06-23. Retrieved 2018-06-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

Sources

allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdirahman_Ahmed_Ali_Tuur