Valery Kaplan (Russian: Валерий Каплан; born 26 February 1943) is a retired Russian speed skater who won a bronze and a silver medal at the European championships in 1966 and 1967, respectively. He competed at the 1968 Winter Olympics in 500 m and 1,500 m and finished in 21st and 12th place, respectively.^[1]

His personal bests were^[1]

• 500 m – 39.8 (1968)
• 1000 m – 1:21.9 (1970)
• 1500 m – 2:04.3 (1968)
• 5000 m – 7:37.6 (1968)
• 10000 m – 16:07.5 (1966)