The Rough Riders were the 1st US Volunteer Cavalry Regiment during the Spanish–American War.

Rough riders, roughriders, rough rider or roughrider may also refer to:

• City of London Yeomanry (Rough Riders), a defunct British Army regiment
• 4th New Zealand Contingent during the Second Boer War
• Rough rider (rank), a now defunct rank and appointment in the British Army, still used in the Royal Canadian Mounted Police
• The Rough Riders, a corps of expert horsemen established by the Canadian North-West Mounted Police in 1873

• A participant in a rodeo, especially:
  • any Australian rodeo
  • the Angola Prison Rodeo in Louisiana
  • a bullrider
• Saskatchewan Roughriders, a Canadian Football League team
• Ottawa Rough Riders, a former Canadian Football League team
• Frisco RoughRiders, a minor league baseball team in Texas
• Cedar Rapids RoughRiders, a junior ice hockey team in the United States Hockey League
• Long Island Rough Riders, an American soccer team in the USL Premier Development League
• Peoria Pirates, known as the Peoria Rough Riders while in the United Indoor Football league
• Catasauqua High School Rough Riders, Catasauqua, Pennsylvania
• Roosevelt High School (Seattle, Washington) Roughriders
• Port Angeles High School (Port Angeles, Washington) Roughriders
• Center High School (Texas), Center, Texas, Roughriders
• West Virginia Roughriders, an American indoor football team in the American Arena League

• Rough Riders (rollercoaster), a themed rollercoaster that operated in New York's Coney Island from 1907 to 1914
• The Rough Riders (film), a 1927 fictional film set during the Spanish–American War
• Rough Riders a 1940s Western film series starring Buck Jones
• "Rough Riders", a 1943 march by Karl King
• The Rough Riders (TV series), a 1950s U.S. series set in the American West
• Rough Riders (miniseries), a 1997 miniseries about the Spanish–American War
• Rough Rider (film), a 2014 documentary
• "Rough Rider", a song by Prince Buster
• Rough Riders comic book, published by Aftershock, written by Adam Glass
• Rough Riders (album), an album by Lakeside
• Rough Rider (album), an album by David Allan Coe

• Rough Rider Award, presented to prominent North Dakotans by the governor of the state
• A series of toy cars made by Matchbox
• Tamiya Rough Rider, a 1979 1:10 radio-controlled off-road buggy by Tamiya

• Ruff Rider, an album by Tanya Stephens
• "Ruff Ryders' Anthem", a song by DMX
• Ruff Ryders Entertainment, a hip hop record label
• Rough ride (disambiguation)