Estradiol acetylsalicylate, or estradiol 3-acetylsalicylate, is a syntheticestrogen and estrogen ester – specifically, the C3 acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) ester of estradiol – which was described in the late 1980s and was never marketed.[1][2][3][4][5] In dogs, the oralbioavailability of estradiol acetylsalicylate was found to be 17-fold higher than that of unmodified estradiol.[1][4] However, a subsequent study found that the oral bioavailability of estradiol and estradiol acetylsalicylate did not differ significantly in rats (4.3% and 4.2%, respectively), suggestive of a major species difference.[2][4][6]
^ abLokind KB, Lorenzen FH, Bundgaard H (1991). "Oral bioavailability of 17β-estradiol and various ester prodrugs in the rat". International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 76 (1–2): 177–182. doi:10.1016/0378-5173(91)90356-S. ISSN0378-5173.
^ abcAungst BJ, Matz N (26 August 2007). "Prodrugs to Reduce Presystemic Metabolism". In Stella V, Borchardt R, Hageman M, Oliyai R, Maag H, Tilley J (eds.). Prodrugs: Challenges and Rewards. Biotechnology: Pharmaceutical Aspects. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 347–. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-49785-3_8. ISBN 978-0-387-49785-3.
^Moridani MY (11 January 2011). "Reducing Presystemic Drug Metabolism". In Rautio J (ed.). Prodrugs and Targeted Delivery: Towards Better ADME Properties. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 218–. ISBN 978-3-527-63318-0.
^Hansen J, Mørk N, Bundgaard H (1992). "Phenyl carbamates of amino acids as prodrug forms for protecting phenols against first-pass metabolism". International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 81 (2–3): 253–261. doi:10.1016/0378-5173(92)90017-V. ISSN0378-5173.
