Sakamoto Tenzan

In this Japanese name, the surname is Sakamoto.
Sakamoto Tenzan
坂本 天山
Personal details
BornJune 21, 1745
Takatō Domain, Shinano Province, Japan
DiedApril 20, 1803(1803-04-20) (aged 57)
Japan
Military service
AllegianceTakatō Domain

Sakamoto Toshiyasu (Japanese: 坂本 俊豈; 1745-1803), better known as Sakamoto Tenzan (坂本 天山), was a Japanese samurai, master of hōjutsu, and scholar of kokugaku. He established the Tenzan school (天山流, Tenzan-ryū) of gunnery.[1][2]

Biography

Sakamoto Tenzan was born the eldest son of Sakamoto Unshirō Hideomi (坂本 運四郎 英臣), a retainer of the Naitō clan and master of the Ogino school (荻野流, Ogino-ryū) of gunnery.

In 1767, when he was 22 years old, Sakamoto traveled to Osaka to study under the instruction of Ogino Rokubee Terukiyo (荻野 六兵衛 照清).

In 1778, Sakamoto published an advanced design for a portable swivel gun called a shūhatsudai (周発台; lit. 'panoramic firing platform').[1] He explained the gun using concepts from the Yijing.[3]

In his later years, Sakamoto investigated measures for erosion and flood control. Earning the ire of his colleagues, he was ordered into house arrest for several years before being released. He died in 1803.

Family

Sakamoto's grandson, Sakamoto Toshisada (坂本 俊貞), defended Osaka Castle from Ōshio Heihachirō's army of revolt in 1837.[1] His granddaughter, Shimazaki Kei (島崎 桂), was the stepmother of Shimazaki Masaki, father of noted author Shimazaki Tōson.[4]

See also

Bibliography

  • 信濃偉人遺墨顕彰会 Shinano Ijin Iboku Kenshōkai, ed. (1933). Sakamoto Tenzan sensei ibokushū 坂本天山先生遺墨集 Posthumous Manuscripts of Sakamoto Tenzan. Japan: Published privately.

References

  1. ^ a b c "天山流 Tenzan-ryū". 日本大百科全書 Encyclopedia Nipponica. Japan: 小学館 Shōgakukan. 1994.
  2. ^ 角 Sumi, 憲和 Norikazu, ed. (2000). 阪本天山: 信州高遠の生んだ明治維新の先覚者 Sakamoto Tenzan: Shinshū Takatō no un da Meiji Ishin no senkakusha (in Japanese). Japan: 岳風書房 Gakufū Shobō. ISBN 978-4907755010.
  3. ^ Ng, Wai-ming (2000). The I Ching in Tokugawa Thought and Culture. University of Hawaii Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-0824822422.
  4. ^ 加藤 Katō, 秀俊 Hidetoshi, ed. (February 1, 1988). 人づくり風土記 長野. Japan: 農山漁村文化協会 Nōsan-Gyoson Bunka Kyōkai.
allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakamoto_Tenzan