Portal:Bangladesh


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Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world and among the most densely populated with a population of over 174 million within an area of 148,460 square kilometres (57,320 sq mi). Bangladesh shares land borders with India to the north, west, and east, and Myanmar to the southeast. It has a coastline along the Bay of Bengal to its south and is separated from Bhutan and Nepal by the Siliguri Corridor, and from China by the Indian state of Sikkim to its north. Dhaka, the capital and largest city, is the nation's political, financial, and cultural centre. Chittagong is the second-largest city and the busiest port of the country.

Bangladesh is a unitary parliamentary republic based on the Westminster system. It is a middle power with the second-largest economy in South Asia. Bangladesh is home to the fourth-largest Muslim population in the world. It maintains the third-largest military in South Asia and is the largest contributor to the peacekeeping operations of the United Nations. Bangladesh consists of eight divisions, 64 districts, 495 sub-districts, and 4,578 union councils, and is home to the largest mangrove forest in the world. It has one of the largest refugee populations in the world and continues to face challenges such as endemic corruption, human rights abuses, political instability, and adverse effects of climate change. Bangladesh is a member state of SAARC and several other international organisations. (Full article...)

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  • Image 1 Corruption in Bangladesh has been a continuing problem. According to all major ranking institutions, Bangladesh routinely finds itself among the most corrupt countries in the world. As of 2001, corruption in the public sector was "endemic, chronic and all pervasive". In Transparency International's 2024 Corruption Perceptions Index, which scored 180 countries on a scale from 0 ("highly corrupt") to 100 ("very clean"), Bangladesh scored 23. When ranked by score, Bangladesh ranked 151st among the 180 countries in the Index, where the country ranked first is perceived to have the most honest public sector. For comparison with regional scores, the best score among the countries of the Asia Pacific region was 84, the average score was 44 and the worst score was 16. For comparison with worldwide scores, the best score was 90 (ranked 1), the average score was 43, and the worst score was 8 (ranked 180). Introducing the 2020 Corruption Perceptions Index, Executive Director Iftekharuzzaman of Transparency International Bangladesh commented, "Of the eight South Asian countries, Bangladesh remains second lowest both in score and rank — better than only Afghanistan." (Full article...)

    Corruption in Bangladesh has been a continuing problem. According to all major ranking institutions, Bangladesh routinely finds itself among the most corrupt countries in the world.

    As of 2001, corruption in the public sector was "endemic, chronic and all pervasive". In Transparency International's 2024 Corruption Perceptions Index, which scored 180 countries on a scale from 0 ("highly corrupt") to 100 ("very clean"), Bangladesh scored 23. When ranked by score, Bangladesh ranked 151st among the 180 countries in the Index, where the country ranked first is perceived to have the most honest public sector. For comparison with regional scores, the best score among the countries of the Asia Pacific region was 84, the average score was 44 and the worst score was 16. For comparison with worldwide scores, the best score was 90 (ranked 1), the average score was 43, and the worst score was 8 (ranked 180). Introducing the 2020 Corruption Perceptions Index, Executive Director Iftekharuzzaman of Transparency International Bangladesh commented, "Of the eight South Asian countries, Bangladesh remains second lowest both in score and rank — better than only Afghanistan." (Full article...)
  • Image 2 Bangladesh railway network Bangladesh Railway (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ রেলওয়ে) is the state-owned rail transport agency of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Railway was not established under a specific new act, but rather operates under the framework of The Railways Act, 1890 (Act No. IX of 1890). It operates and maintains all railways in the country, and is overseen by the Directorate General of Bangladesh Railway. The Bangladesh Railway is governed by the Ministry of Railways and the Bangladesh Railway Authority with a reporting mark known as "BR". The Bangladesh Railway system has a total length of 3,600 kilometres (2,200 mi). In 2009, it had 34,168 employees working for the operations. In the year 2014, Bangladesh Railway recorded a ridership of 65 million passengers for a total of 8,135 million passenger-kilometres, and transported 2.52 million tonnes of freight racking up to 677 million tonne-kilometres. (Full article...)

    Bangladesh railway network

    Bangladesh Railway (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ রেলওয়ে) is the state-owned rail transport agency of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Railway was not established under a specific new act, but rather operates under the framework of The Railways Act, 1890 (Act No. IX of 1890). It operates and maintains all railways in the country, and is overseen by the Directorate General of Bangladesh Railway. The Bangladesh Railway is governed by the Ministry of Railways and the Bangladesh Railway Authority with a reporting mark known as "BR".

    The Bangladesh Railway system has a total length of 3,600 kilometres (2,200 mi). In 2009, it had 34,168 employees working for the operations. In the year 2014, Bangladesh Railway recorded a ridership of 65 million passengers for a total of 8,135 million passenger-kilometres, and transported 2.52 million tonnes of freight racking up to 677 million tonne-kilometres. (Full article...)
  • Image 3 The four stars in the National Emblem of Bangladesh represent the four fundamental principles of the constitution: nationalism, socialism, democracy, and secularism. Like most other socialist countries, sheaves of paddy in the borders represent the agricultural workers as a symbol of socialism. Democracy in Bangladesh is historically connected to the Westminster style of democracy of United Kingdom while Bangladesh was part of British Colonial Empire from 1700 to 1947. Since Bangladesh achieved its independence on 26 March 1971 from Pakistan, Bangladesh introduced parliamentary democracy into its political system; however, a military coup in 1975 halted the process. It was restored in 1991 through a constitutional amendment. (Full article...)
    The four stars in the National Emblem of Bangladesh represent the four fundamental principles of the constitution: nationalism, socialism, democracy, and secularism. Like most other socialist countries, sheaves of paddy in the borders represent the agricultural workers as a symbol of socialism.

    Democracy in Bangladesh is historically connected to the Westminster style of democracy of United Kingdom while Bangladesh was part of British Colonial Empire from 1700 to 1947. Since Bangladesh achieved its independence on 26 March 1971 from Pakistan, Bangladesh introduced parliamentary democracy into its political system; however, a military coup in 1975 halted the process. It was restored in 1991 through a constitutional amendment. (Full article...)
  • Image 4 Coat of Arms The Nawab of Dhaka (Bengali: "ঢাকার নবাব"), originally spelt in English Nawab of Dacca, was the title of the head of one of the largest Muslim zamindar in British Bengal and Assam, based in present-day Dhaka, Bangladesh. The title of nawab, similar to the British peerage, was conferred upon the head of the family by Queen Victoria as a recognition of the first Nawab's loyalty and contribution to the social welfare activities. Although the Nawabs of Dhaka were not sovereigns, they played an essential role in the politics of South Asia—and the relations with external entities. The family was proprietary of the Dhaka Nawab estate, seated at Ahsan Manzil palace. "Nawab of Dhaka" was the title of the head of the family from 1843. Khwaja Alimullah was the first holder of the title, and Khwaja Abdul Ghani was the first Nawab of Dhaka when the title was made hereditary by Queen Victoria. (Full article...)

    Coat of Arms

    The Nawab of Dhaka (Bengali: "ঢাকার নবাব"), originally spelt in English Nawab of Dacca, was the title of the head of one of the largest Muslim zamindar in British Bengal and Assam, based in present-day Dhaka, Bangladesh. The title of nawab, similar to the British peerage, was conferred upon the head of the family by Queen Victoria as a recognition of the first Nawab's loyalty and contribution to the social welfare activities.

    Although the Nawabs of Dhaka were not sovereigns, they played an essential role in the politics of South Asia—and the relations with external entities. The family was proprietary of the Dhaka Nawab estate, seated at Ahsan Manzil palace. "Nawab of Dhaka" was the title of the head of the family from 1843. Khwaja Alimullah was the first holder of the title, and Khwaja Abdul Ghani was the first Nawab of Dhaka when the title was made hereditary by Queen Victoria. (Full article...)
  • Image 5 Islam is the largest and the state religion of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. According to the 2022 census, Bangladesh had a population of about 150 million Muslims, or 91.04% of its total population of 165 million. Muslims of Bangladesh are predominant native Bengali Muslims. The majority of Bangladeshis are Sunni, and follow the Hanafi school of thought and fiqh. Bangladesh is a de facto secular country. The Bengal region was a supreme power of the medieval Islamic East. In the late 7th century, Muslims from Arabia established commercial as well as religious connection within the Bengal region before the conquest, mainly through the coastal regions as traders and primarily via the ports of Chittagong. In the early 13th century, Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji conquered Western and part of Northern Bengal and established the first Muslim kingdom in Bengal. During the 13th century, Sufi missionaries, mystics and saints began to preach Islam in villages. The Islamic Bengal Sultanate was founded by Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah who united Bengal on an ethno-linguistic platform. Bengal reached in her golden age during Bengal Sultanate's prosperous ruling period. Subsequently, Bengal viceroy Muhammad Azam Shah assumed the imperial throne. Mughal Bengal became increasingly independent under the Nawabs of Bengal in the 18th century. (Full article...)

    Islam is the largest and the state religion of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. According to the 2022 census, Bangladesh had a population of about 150 million Muslims, or 91.04% of its total population of 165 million. Muslims of Bangladesh are predominant native Bengali Muslims. The majority of Bangladeshis are Sunni, and follow the Hanafi school of thought and fiqh. Bangladesh is a de facto secular country.

    The Bengal region was a supreme power of the medieval Islamic East. In the late 7th century, Muslims from Arabia established commercial as well as religious connection within the Bengal region before the conquest, mainly through the coastal regions as traders and primarily via the ports of Chittagong. In the early 13th century, Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji conquered Western and part of Northern Bengal and established the first Muslim kingdom in Bengal. During the 13th century, Sufi missionaries, mystics and saints began to preach Islam in villages. The Islamic Bengal Sultanate was founded by Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah who united Bengal on an ethno-linguistic platform. Bengal reached in her golden age during Bengal Sultanate's prosperous ruling period. Subsequently, Bengal viceroy Muhammad Azam Shah assumed the imperial throne. Mughal Bengal became increasingly independent under the Nawabs of Bengal in the 18th century. (Full article...)
  • Image 6 A Baul from Lalon Shah's shrine in Kushtia, Bangladesh The Baul (Bengali: বাউল) are a group of mystic minstrels of mixed elements of Sufism and Vaishnava Sahajiya from different parts of Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and Assam's Barak Valley and Meghalaya. Bauls constitute both a syncretic religious sect of troubadours and a musical tradition. Bauls are a very heterogeneous group, with many sects, but their membership mainly consists of Gaudiya Vaishnava Bengali Hindus and Sufi Bengali Muslims. They can often be identified by their distinctive clothes and musical instruments. Lalon Shah is regarded as the most celebrated Baul saint in history. Although Bauls constitute only a small fraction of the Bengali population, their influence on the culture of Bengal is considerable. In 2005, the "Baul tradition of Bangladesh" was included in the list of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. (Full article...)
    A Baul from Lalon Shah's shrine in Kushtia, Bangladesh

    The Baul (Bengali: বাউল) are a group of mystic minstrels of mixed elements of Sufism and Vaishnava Sahajiya from different parts of Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and Assam's Barak Valley and Meghalaya. Bauls constitute both a syncretic religious sect of troubadours and a musical tradition. Bauls are a very heterogeneous group, with many sects, but their membership mainly consists of Gaudiya Vaishnava Bengali Hindus and Sufi Bengali Muslims. They can often be identified by their distinctive clothes and musical instruments. Lalon Shah is regarded as the most celebrated Baul saint in history.

    Although Bauls constitute only a small fraction of the Bengali population, their influence on the culture of Bengal is considerable. In 2005, the "Baul tradition of Bangladesh" was included in the list of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. (Full article...)
  • Image 7 Satellite image of the cyclone near landfall on May 2 The 1994 Bangladesh cyclone was a powerful tropical cyclone in the Bay of Bengal. The cyclone closely followed the path, strength, and time of year of a deadly cyclone in 1991 that killed more than 138,000 people. The 1994 cyclone formed on April 29 as a depression, which organized and intensified significantly over the subsequent few days. On May 2, the cyclone attained winds of 215 km/h (135 mph), according to the India Meteorological Department (IMD). That day, the storm made landfall in southeastern Bangladesh, and rapidly weakened over land, before dissipating on May 3. Ahead of the storm's landfall, about 450,000 people evacuated to storm shelters built since the 1991 storm. Upon moving ashore, the cyclone dropped 190 mm (7.5 in) of precipitation and produced winds of 278 km/h (173 mph) in Teknaf Upazila. Total storm damage was estimated at $125 million (1994 USD). The cyclone damaged or destroyed more than 78,000 houses, leaving about 500,000 people homeless. Along its path, the storm killed at least 350 people, including at least 126 fishermen from Thailand who were lost and presumed killed. In southeastern Bangladesh, the cyclone wrecked Rohingya refugee camps, killing 85 people. The Bangladeshi government managed the country's response to the disaster, providing food, clothing, and medical care. (Full article...)

    Satellite image of the cyclone near landfall on May 2

    The 1994 Bangladesh cyclone was a powerful tropical cyclone in the Bay of Bengal. The cyclone closely followed the path, strength, and time of year of a deadly cyclone in 1991 that killed more than 138,000 people. The 1994 cyclone formed on April 29 as a depression, which organized and intensified significantly over the subsequent few days. On May 2, the cyclone attained winds of 215 km/h (135 mph), according to the India Meteorological Department (IMD). That day, the storm made landfall in southeastern Bangladesh, and rapidly weakened over land, before dissipating on May 3.

    Ahead of the storm's landfall, about 450,000 people evacuated to storm shelters built since the 1991 storm. Upon moving ashore, the cyclone dropped 190 mm (7.5 in) of precipitation and produced winds of 278 km/h (173 mph) in Teknaf Upazila. Total storm damage was estimated at $125 million (1994 USD). The cyclone damaged or destroyed more than 78,000 houses, leaving about 500,000 people homeless. Along its path, the storm killed at least 350 people, including at least 126 fishermen from Thailand who were lost and presumed killed. In southeastern Bangladesh, the cyclone wrecked Rohingya refugee camps, killing 85 people. The Bangladeshi government managed the country's response to the disaster, providing food, clothing, and medical care. (Full article...)
  • Image 8 The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the Chalcolithic period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the Bengal region. Islam arrived in the 8th century and gradually became the dominant religion from the early 13th century with conquests led by Bakhtiyar Khalji and the activities of Sunni missionaries, like Shah Jalal. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the Bengal Sultanate, founded by Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah, who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah, leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the Mughal Empire, and according to historian C. A. Bayly, it was probably the empire's wealthiest province. Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, Bengal became a semi-independent state under the Nawabs of Bengal, ultimately led by Siraj ud-Daulah. It was later conquered by the British East India Company after the Battle of Plassey in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the Industrial Revolution in Britain, but also faced significant deindustrialization. The Bengal Presidency was established during British rule. (Full article...)
    The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the Chalcolithic period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the Bengal region. Islam arrived in the 8th century and gradually became the dominant religion from the early 13th century with conquests led by Bakhtiyar Khalji and the activities of Sunni missionaries, like Shah Jalal. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the Bengal Sultanate, founded by Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah, who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah, leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the Mughal Empire, and according to historian C. A. Bayly, it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.

    Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, Bengal became a semi-independent state under the Nawabs of Bengal, ultimately led by Siraj ud-Daulah. It was later conquered by the British East India Company after the Battle of Plassey in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the Industrial Revolution in Britain, but also faced significant deindustrialization. The Bengal Presidency was established during British rule. (Full article...)
  • Image 9 Emblem of the University of Rajshahi The University of Rajshahi (Bengali: রাজশাহী বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়), also known as Rajshahi University (RU), is a public research university located in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. It is the second oldest and third largest university in Bangladesh. The university's 59 departments are organized into 12 faculties. It is one of the four autonomous university by the act (1973) of Bangladesh. (Full article...)

    Emblem of the University of Rajshahi

    The University of Rajshahi (Bengali: রাজশাহী বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়), also known as Rajshahi University (RU), is a public research university located in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. It is the second oldest and third largest university in Bangladesh. The university's 59 departments are organized into 12 faculties. It is one of the four autonomous university by the act (1973) of Bangladesh. (Full article...)
  • Image 10 Map of Sylheti speaking areas of South Asia The Sylheti (English: /sɪˈlɛti/) or Sylhetis are an Indo-Aryan ethnocultural group, that are associated with the Sylhet region (Sylhet Division of Bangladesh and the Karimganj district of south Assam, India). There are strong diasporic communities in Barak Valley of Assam, India, North Tripura, Shillong, Meghalaya, and Hojai, Central Assam. Outside South Asia, there are significant numbers in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada. They speak Sylheti, an eastern Indo-Aryan language that is considered "a distinct language by many and a dialect of Bengali by some others". Sylheti identity is associated primarily with its regional culture and language, alongside a broader cultural and ethnic Bengali identity. (Full article...)

    Map of Sylheti speaking areas of South Asia

    The Sylheti (English: /sɪˈlɛti/) or Sylhetis are an Indo-Aryan ethnocultural group, that are associated with the Sylhet region (Sylhet Division of Bangladesh and the Karimganj district of south Assam, India). There are strong diasporic communities in Barak Valley of Assam, India, North Tripura, Shillong, Meghalaya, and Hojai, Central Assam. Outside South Asia, there are significant numbers in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada.

    They speak Sylheti, an eastern Indo-Aryan language that is considered "a distinct language by many and a dialect of Bengali by some others". Sylheti identity is associated primarily with its regional culture and language, alongside a broader cultural and ethnic Bengali identity. (Full article...)
  • Image 11 Bengali, also known by its endonym Bangla, is a classical Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. It is primarily spoken by the Bengali people, native to the Bengal region (Bangladesh, India's West Bengal, Tripura and parts of Southern Assam). With over 242 million native speakers and another 43 million as second language speakers as of 2025, Bengali is the sixth most spoken native language and the seventh most spoken language by the total number of speakers in the world. Bengali is the official, national, and most widely spoken language of Bangladesh, with 98% of Bangladeshis using Bengali as their first language. It is the second-most widely spoken language in India. It is the official language of the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and the Barak Valley region of the state of Assam. It is also the second official language of the Indian state of Jharkhand since September 2011. It is the most widely spoken language in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal, and is spoken by significant populations in other states including Bihar, Arunachal Pradesh, Delhi, Chhattisgarh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha and Uttarakhand. Bengali is also spoken by the Bengali diasporas (Bangladeshi diaspora and Indian Bengalis) across Europe, North America, the Middle East and other regions. (Full article...)

    Bengali, also known by its endonym Bangla, is a classical Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. It is primarily spoken by the Bengali people, native to the Bengal region (Bangladesh, India's West Bengal, Tripura and parts of Southern Assam). With over 242 million native speakers and another 43 million as second language speakers as of 2025, Bengali is the sixth most spoken native language and the seventh most spoken language by the total number of speakers in the world.

    Bengali is the official, national, and most widely spoken language of Bangladesh, with 98% of Bangladeshis using Bengali as their first language. It is the second-most widely spoken language in India. It is the official language of the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and the Barak Valley region of the state of Assam. It is also the second official language of the Indian state of Jharkhand since September 2011. It is the most widely spoken language in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal, and is spoken by significant populations in other states including Bihar, Arunachal Pradesh, Delhi, Chhattisgarh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha and Uttarakhand. Bengali is also spoken by the Bengali diasporas (Bangladeshi diaspora and Indian Bengalis) across Europe, North America, the Middle East and other regions. (Full article...)
  • Image 12 The Cinema of Bangladesh, locally known as Bengali cinema, is a diverse and vibrant entity, consisting of films produced across various regions in Bangladesh, each contributing its unique linguistic and cultural perspective. Beyond the dominant Dhaka based Bengali-language film industry Dhallywood (Bengali: ঢালিউড), which is a portmanteau of "Dhaka" and "Hollywood", Bangladesh is home to cinema in several other languages and dialects. For instance, Chakma cinema from Bandarban, Garo cinema from Sherpur, Meitei and Sylheti cinema from Sylhet, Chatgaiya cinema from Chattogram. These regional cinemas play a crucial role in preserving and promoting the linguistic and cultural heritage of the country. The dominant style of Bangladeshi cinema is melodramatic cinema, which developed from 1947 to 1990 and characterizes most films to this day. Cinema was introduced in Bangladesh in 1898 by the Bradford Bioscope Company, credited to have arranged the first film release in Bangladesh. Between 1913 and 1914, the first production company, Picture House, was opened. A 1928 short silent film titled Sukumari (lit. 'The Good Girl') was the first Bengali-produced film in the region. The first full-length film, The Last Kiss, was released in 1931. Following the separation of Bangladesh from Pakistan, Dhaka became the center of the Bangladeshi film industry, and has generated the majority share of revenue, production and audiences for Dhallywood films. Mukh O Mukhosh, the first Bengali-language full-length feature film, was produced in 1956. During the 1970s, many Dhallywood films were inspired by Indian films, with some of the films being unofficial remakes of those films. The industry continued to grow, and many successful Bangladeshi films were produced throughout the 1970s, 1980s and the first half of the 1990s. (Full article...)

    The Cinema of Bangladesh, locally known as Bengali cinema, is a diverse and vibrant entity, consisting of films produced across various regions in Bangladesh, each contributing its unique linguistic and cultural perspective. Beyond the dominant Dhaka based Bengali-language film industry Dhallywood (Bengali: ঢালিউড), which is a portmanteau of "Dhaka" and "Hollywood", Bangladesh is home to cinema in several other languages and dialects. For instance, Chakma cinema from Bandarban, Garo cinema from Sherpur, Meitei and Sylheti cinema from Sylhet, Chatgaiya cinema from Chattogram. These regional cinemas play a crucial role in preserving and promoting the linguistic and cultural heritage of the country. The dominant style of Bangladeshi cinema is melodramatic cinema, which developed from 1947 to 1990 and characterizes most films to this day. Cinema was introduced in Bangladesh in 1898 by the Bradford Bioscope Company, credited to have arranged the first film release in Bangladesh. Between 1913 and 1914, the first production company, Picture House, was opened. A 1928 short silent film titled Sukumari (lit. 'The Good Girl') was the first Bengali-produced film in the region. The first full-length film, The Last Kiss, was released in 1931.

    Following the separation of Bangladesh from Pakistan, Dhaka became the center of the Bangladeshi film industry, and has generated the majority share of revenue, production and audiences for Dhallywood films. Mukh O Mukhosh, the first Bengali-language full-length feature film, was produced in 1956. During the 1970s, many Dhallywood films were inspired by Indian films, with some of the films being unofficial remakes of those films. The industry continued to grow, and many successful Bangladeshi films were produced throughout the 1970s, 1980s and the first half of the 1990s. (Full article...)
  • Image 13 The India–Pakistan war of 1971, also known as the third Indo-Pakistani war, was a military confrontation between India and Pakistan that occurred during the Bangladesh Liberation War in East Pakistan from 3 December 1971 until the Pakistani capitulation in Dhaka on 16 December 1971. The war began with Pakistan's Operation Chengiz Khan, consisting of preemptive aerial strikes on eight Indian air stations. The strikes led to India declaring war on Pakistan, marking their entry into the war for East Pakistan's independence, on the side of Bengali nationalist forces. India's entry expanded the existing conflict with Indian and Pakistani forces engaging on both the eastern and western fronts. Thirteen days after the war started, India achieved a clear upper hand, and the Eastern Command of the Pakistan military signed the instrument of surrender on 16 December 1971 in Dhaka, marking the formation of East Pakistan as the new nation of Bangladesh. Approximately 93,000 Pakistani servicemen were taken prisoner by the Indian Army, which included 79,676 to 81,000 uniformed personnel of the Pakistan Armed Forces, including some Bengali soldiers who had remained loyal to Pakistan. The remaining 10,324 to 12,500 prisoners were civilians, either family members of the military personnel or collaborators (Razakars). (Full article...)

    The India–Pakistan war of 1971, also known as the third Indo-Pakistani war, was a military confrontation between India and Pakistan that occurred during the Bangladesh Liberation War in East Pakistan from 3 December 1971 until the Pakistani capitulation in Dhaka on 16 December 1971. The war began with Pakistan's Operation Chengiz Khan, consisting of preemptive aerial strikes on eight Indian air stations. The strikes led to India declaring war on Pakistan, marking their entry into the war for East Pakistan's independence, on the side of Bengali nationalist forces. India's entry expanded the existing conflict with Indian and Pakistani forces engaging on both the eastern and western fronts.

    Thirteen days after the war started, India achieved a clear upper hand, and the Eastern Command of the Pakistan military signed the instrument of surrender on 16 December 1971 in Dhaka, marking the formation of East Pakistan as the new nation of Bangladesh. Approximately 93,000 Pakistani servicemen were taken prisoner by the Indian Army, which included 79,676 to 81,000 uniformed personnel of the Pakistan Armed Forces, including some Bengali soldiers who had remained loyal to Pakistan. The remaining 10,324 to 12,500 prisoners were civilians, either family members of the military personnel or collaborators (Razakars). (Full article...)
  • Image 14 Sport in Bangladesh is a popular form of entertainment as well as an essential part of Bangladeshi culture. Cricket is the most popular sport in Bangladesh followed by football. Kabaddi is the national sport of Bangladesh. Bangladesh is one of the top 10 cricketing nations of the world and has regularly qualified for the Cricket World Cup since 1999, the country achieved arguably its greatest heights in Cricket, when it defeated three of the top-rated teams in 2015 Cricket World Cup to qualify for the quarterfinals. In 2015, they white-washed Pakistan and clinched the series by 3-0 and in another major achievement they won a series against India by 2-1 in the same year, they beat South Africa 2–1 in an ODI series and cemented their spot in Champions Trophy 2017. (Full article...)
    Sport in Bangladesh is a popular form of entertainment as well as an essential part of Bangladeshi culture. Cricket is the most popular sport in Bangladesh followed by football. Kabaddi is the national sport of Bangladesh.

    Bangladesh is one of the top 10 cricketing nations of the world and has regularly qualified for the Cricket World Cup since 1999, the country achieved arguably its greatest heights in Cricket, when it defeated three of the top-rated teams in 2015 Cricket World Cup to qualify for the quarterfinals. In 2015, they white-washed Pakistan and clinched the series by 3-0 and in another major achievement they won a series against India by 2-1 in the same year, they beat South Africa 2–1 in an ODI series and cemented their spot in Champions Trophy 2017. (Full article...)
  • Image 15 First to reign Murshid Quli Khan 1717 – 30 June 1727 The Nawabs of Bengal were the hereditary rulers of Bengal Subah in Mughal India. In the early 18th-century, the Nawab of Bengal was the de facto independent ruler of the three provinces of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa and they are often referred to as the Nawabs of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. The Nawabs were based in Murshidabad which was centrally located within Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa. Their chief, a former prime minister, became the first Nawab. The Nawabs continued to issue coins in the name of the Mughal Emperor, but for all practical purposes, the Nawabs governed as independent monarchs. Bengal continued to contribute the largest share of funds to the imperial Mughal treasury in Delhi. The Bengal Subah reached its peak during the reign of Nawab Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan. (Full article...)

    First to reign
    Murshid Quli Khan
    1717 – 30 June 1727

    The Nawabs of Bengal were the hereditary rulers of Bengal Subah in Mughal India. In the early 18th-century, the Nawab of Bengal was the de facto independent ruler of the three provinces of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa and they are often referred to as the Nawabs of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. The Nawabs were based in Murshidabad which was centrally located within Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa. Their chief, a former prime minister, became the first Nawab. The Nawabs continued to issue coins in the name of the Mughal Emperor, but for all practical purposes, the Nawabs governed as independent monarchs. Bengal continued to contribute the largest share of funds to the imperial Mughal treasury in Delhi.

    The Bengal Subah reached its peak during the reign of Nawab Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan. (Full article...)
More selected articles

Bangladesh News

9 March 2026 – Economic impact of the 2026 Iran war
Bangladesh closes all universities by advancing the Eid al-Fitr holidays as part of emergency measures to reduce electricity consumption during an energy crisis linked to the Iran war. (Reuters)
24 February 2026 –
The death toll from an explosion and fire at a six-story residential building in Chattogram, Bangladesh, rises to three. (News.Az)
17 February 2026 – Premiership of Tarique Rahman
Bangladesh Nationalist Party leader Tarique Rahman is sworn in as the 11th prime minister of Bangladesh following the party's victory in the recent election. (The Guardian)
13 February 2026 – 2026 Bangladeshi general election
The Bangladesh Nationalist Party wins a landslide victory in the parliamentary elections, winning 209 seats in the first election since the July Revolution that toppled former prime minister Sheikh Hasina. (Reuters)
12 February 2026 – 2026 Bangladeshi general election
Bangladeshis vote to elect members of the Jatiya Sangsad. (BBC News)

Where in Bangladesh...

Mosque city of Bagerhat, founded by Turkish general Ulugh Khan Jahan in the early 15th century, is one of the three UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh. Do you know where in Bangladesh is Mosque city of Bagerhat?

Mosque city of Bagerhat
This historic city is located at the meeting-point of the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers in Bagerhat District, under Khulna Division in south-west Bangladesh.


Religions in Bangladesh

Indian Subcontinent

Other countries

Selected images

  • Image 1Shuvolong is a place in Barkol sub district, located about 25 kilometres (11 kilometres as the crow flies) away from Rangamati town. There are a few waterfalls in Shuvolong area with the largest one falling from as high as 300 feet. Shuvolong is accessible by speed boat or motor boats from Rangamati. The photo features Shovolong water falls in October (before winter). Photo Credit: Mirza Salman Hossain Beg, Bangladesh
    Shuvolong is a place in Barkol sub district, located about 25 kilometres (11 kilometres as the crow flies) away from Rangamati town. There are a few waterfalls in Shuvolong area with the largest one falling from as high as 300 feet. Shuvolong is accessible by speed boat or motor boats from Rangamati. The photo features Shovolong water falls in October (before winter).

    Photo Credit: Mirza Salman Hossain Beg, Bangladesh

  • Image 2Bengal Tiger, the national animal of Bangladesh, is a subspecies of tiger primarily found in Indian subcontinent. In the Sunderbans, a 2004 census found the presence of about 280 Tigers on the India side & 500 tigers on the Bangladesh side. Photo Credit: Hollingsworth, John and Karen, retouched by Zwoenitzer
    Bengal Tiger, the national animal of Bangladesh, is a subspecies of tiger primarily found in Indian subcontinent. In the Sunderbans, a 2004 census found the presence of about 280 Tigers on the India side & 500 tigers on the Bangladesh side.

    Photo Credit: Hollingsworth, John and Karen, retouched by Zwoenitzer

  • Image 3Jamuna Multi-purpose Bridge, opened in June 1998 connects Bhuapur on the Jamuna River's east bank to Sirajganj on its west bank. The 5th longest bridge in South Asia established a strategic link between the eastern and western parts of Bangladesh. Photo Credit: Arman Aziz
    Jamuna Multi-purpose Bridge, opened in June 1998 connects Bhuapur on the Jamuna River's east bank to Sirajganj on its west bank. The 5th longest bridge in South Asia established a strategic link between the eastern and western parts of Bangladesh.

    Photo Credit: Arman Aziz

  • Image 4Madhabkunda waterfall is one of the highest waterfalls in Bangladesh. It is situated in Barlekha Upazila in Moulvibazar District, Sylhet Division. The waterfall is a popular tourist spot in Bangladesh. Big boulders, surrounding forest, and the adjoining streams attracts many tourists for picnic parties and day trips. Photo Credit: Jubair1985
    Madhabkunda waterfall is one of the highest waterfalls in Bangladesh. It is situated in Barlekha Upazila in Moulvibazar District, Sylhet Division. The waterfall is a popular tourist spot in Bangladesh. Big boulders, surrounding forest, and the adjoining streams attracts many tourists for picnic parties and day trips.

    Photo Credit: Jubair1985

  • Image 5Pond herons are herons, typically 40–50 cm (16–20 in) long with an 80–100 cm (31–39 in) wingspan, which mostly breed in the tropical Old World. The photo shows a heron at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park. Photo Credit: Abdul Momin
    Pond herons are herons, typically 40–50 cm (16–20 in) long with an 80–100 cm (31–39 in) wingspan, which mostly breed in the tropical Old World. The photo shows a heron at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park.

    Photo Credit: Abdul Momin

  • Image 6Pari Bibi's mazar at the Lalbagh Fort, the center of Mughal military power in Dhaka and an intrinsic part of the history of the city, founded by Muhammad Azam Shah in 1678. Photo Credit: Md. Shahed Faisal
    Pari Bibi's mazar at the Lalbagh Fort, the center of Mughal military power in Dhaka and an intrinsic part of the history of the city, founded by Muhammad Azam Shah in 1678.

    Photo Credit: Md. Shahed Faisal

  • Image 7Himchari National Park located just south of the Cox's Bazar town consists of lush tropical rain forest, grasslands and trees, and features a number of waterfalls, the biggest of which cascades down toward the sandy, sun-drenched beach. The National Park was established in 1980 as a conservation area for research, education and recreation. Photo Credit: Shuvra Dutta
    Himchari National Park located just south of the Cox's Bazar town consists of lush tropical rain forest, grasslands and trees, and features a number of waterfalls, the biggest of which cascades down toward the sandy, sun-drenched beach. The National Park was established in 1980 as a conservation area for research, education and recreation.

    Photo Credit: Shuvra Dutta

  • Image 8Ahsan Manzil, the official residential palace and seat of the Dhaka Nawab Family, situated on the banks of the Buriganga River. The palace is now a museum. Photo Credit: Mahbub Hossain Shaheed (mahosha)
    Ahsan Manzil, the official residential palace and seat of the Dhaka Nawab Family, situated on the banks of the Buriganga River. The palace is now a museum.

    Photo Credit: Mahbub Hossain Shaheed (mahosha)

  • Image 9Chomchom is a traditional Bengali sweet originated from Porabari, Tangail, Bangladesh. It is a very popular dessert in Bangladesh and India. The cuisine comes in a variety of colors, mainly light pink, light yellow, and white. It is coated with coconut or mawa flakes as a garnish. The sweet is oval and brownish. Photo Credit: P.K.Niyogi
    Chomchom is a traditional Bengali sweet originated from Porabari, Tangail, Bangladesh. It is a very popular dessert in Bangladesh and India. The cuisine comes in a variety of colors, mainly light pink, light yellow, and white. It is coated with coconut or mawa flakes as a garnish. The sweet is oval and brownish.

    Photo Credit: P.K.Niyogi

  • Image 10Tanguar haor, located in Sunamganj District, is a unique wetland ecosystem of national importance and has come into international focus. In 2000, the hoar basin was declared a Ramsar site - wetland of international importance. Photo Credit: Sabirul Islam Biplob
    Tanguar haor, located in Sunamganj District, is a unique wetland ecosystem of national importance and has come into international focus. In 2000, the hoar basin was declared a Ramsar site - wetland of international importance.

    Photo Credit: Sabirul Islam Biplob

  • Image 11The chestnut-capped babbler (Timalia pileata) is a passerine bird of the Timaliidae. It is monotypic within the genus Timalia. The pictured specimen of this native bird of Bangladesh was photographed at Himchari National Garden, Cox's Bazar. Photo Credit: Syedabbas321
    The chestnut-capped babbler (Timalia pileata) is a passerine bird of the Timaliidae. It is monotypic within the genus Timalia. The pictured specimen of this native bird of Bangladesh was photographed at Himchari National Garden, Cox's Bazar.

    Photo Credit: Syedabbas321

  • Image 12Bandarban, one of the remotest districts of Bangladesh, is famous for the beauty of its hilly terrain. The numerous Buddhist temples and bihars in the town, Prantik Lake, Jibannagar and Kyachlong Lake are some more places of interest. This image shows the skyline of the district from the pouplar Nilachol resort managed by Bangladesh Parjatan Corporation. Photo Credit: Fahad Faisal
    Bandarban, one of the remotest districts of Bangladesh, is famous for the beauty of its hilly terrain. The numerous Buddhist temples and bihars in the town, Prantik Lake, Jibannagar and Kyachlong Lake are some more places of interest. This image shows the skyline of the district from the pouplar Nilachol resort managed by Bangladesh Parjatan Corporation.

    Photo Credit: Fahad Faisal

  • Image 13Patenga, a sea beach and popular tourist spot, is located 14 kilometres south of the port city of Chittagong, Bangladesh, near the mouth of the Karnaphuli River. The beach is very close to BNS Isha Khan Naval Base of Bangladesh Navy, and Shah Amanat International Airport. Photo Credit: Ziaul Hoque
    Patenga, a sea beach and popular tourist spot, is located 14 kilometres south of the port city of Chittagong, Bangladesh, near the mouth of the Karnaphuli River. The beach is very close to BNS Isha Khan Naval Base of Bangladesh Navy, and Shah Amanat International Airport.

    Photo Credit: Ziaul Hoque

  • Image 14Sripur is a tourist spot in Bangladesh's Sylhet district. It is well known for its waterfalls, which span across the Bangladesh-India border. This picture features a tea garden in Sripur, Sylhet, Bangladesh Photo Credit: Moheen Reeyad
    Sripur is a tourist spot in Bangladesh's Sylhet district. It is well known for its waterfalls, which span across the Bangladesh-India border. This picture features a tea garden in Sripur, Sylhet, Bangladesh

    Photo Credit: Moheen Reeyad

  • Image 15Shaheed Minar, or the Martyr's monument, located near Dhaka Medical College was established to pay the tribute to the martyrs of the Bengali language movement of 1952 and as such has become the center of commemoration of Language Movement Day, in Bangladesh on February 21 every year. Photo Credit: Karl Ernst Roehl
    Shaheed Minar, or the Martyr's monument, located near Dhaka Medical College was established to pay the tribute to the martyrs of the Bengali language movement of 1952 and as such has become the center of commemoration of Language Movement Day, in Bangladesh on February 21 every year.

    Photo Credit: Karl Ernst Roehl

  • Image 16Ramsagar National Park is a national park in Bangladesh located at Tejpur, near Dinajpur District in the northwest of the country. The Park is 27.76 hectare, in size, and is built around a large water reservoir known as "Ramsagar reservoir" built in the 18th century by Raja Ram Nath. The photograph shows young children from the locality fishin in the reservoir. Photo Credit: Jubair1985
    Ramsagar National Park is a national park in Bangladesh located at Tejpur, near Dinajpur District in the northwest of the country. The Park is 27.76 hectare, in size, and is built around a large water reservoir known as "Ramsagar reservoir" built in the 18th century by Raja Ram Nath. The photograph shows young children from the locality fishin in the reservoir.

    Photo Credit: Jubair1985

  • Image 17The Uttara Ganabhaban (meaning Northern People's House) is an 18th-century (1734) royal palace also known as Dighapatia Rajbari as it was formerly the seat of the Dighapatia Raj, an aristocratic landed estate in the Bengal Presidency of the British Raj. It is located near Natore town and serves as the principal residence of the Bangladeshi Prime Minister in the northern part of the country. Photo Credit: Rohan Uddin Fahad
    The Uttara Ganabhaban (meaning Northern People's House) is an 18th-century (1734) royal palace also known as Dighapatia Rajbari as it was formerly the seat of the Dighapatia Raj, an aristocratic landed estate in the Bengal Presidency of the British Raj. It is located near Natore town and serves as the principal residence of the Bangladeshi Prime Minister in the northern part of the country.

    Photo Credit: Rohan Uddin Fahad

  • Image 18Although rice is the staple food of Bangladesh, wheat holds an important position is a summplementary staple corp. The image was captured in a wheat field in the Natore District. Photo Credit: Jubair1985
    Although rice is the staple food of Bangladesh, wheat holds an important position is a summplementary staple corp. The image was captured in a wheat field in the Natore District.

    Photo Credit: Jubair1985

  • Image 19Kaptai Lake is the largest man made lake in Bangladesh. It is located in the Kaptai Upazila under Rangamati District of Chittagong Division. The lake was created as a result of building the Kaptai Dam on the Karnaphuli River, as part of the Karnaphuli Hydro-electric project. The Kaptai Lake's average depth is 100 feet (30 m) and maximum depth is 490 feet (150 m). Photo Credit: Fahad Faisal
    Kaptai Lake is the largest man made lake in Bangladesh. It is located in the Kaptai Upazila under Rangamati District of Chittagong Division. The lake was created as a result of building the Kaptai Dam on the Karnaphuli River, as part of the Karnaphuli Hydro-electric project. The Kaptai Lake's average depth is 100 feet (30 m) and maximum depth is 490 feet (150 m).

    Photo Credit: Fahad Faisal

  • Image 20The District of Rangamati is a part of the Chittagong Hill Tracts and is one of the most beautiful districts of the country. Its beauty lies in the people, culture, landscape and lifestyle. This picture featuring the skyline of Rangamati has been taken at Tabalchhori at BDR Rangamati. Photo Credit: Sakib
    The District of Rangamati is a part of the Chittagong Hill Tracts and is one of the most beautiful districts of the country. Its beauty lies in the people, culture, landscape and lifestyle. This picture featuring the skyline of Rangamati has been taken at Tabalchhori at BDR Rangamati.

    Photo Credit: Sakib

  • Image 21The image features a Rosette Bearing the Names and Titles of Shah Jahan; Folio from the Shah Jahan Album. It depicts a shamsa (literally, sun) traditionally opened imperial Mughal albums. Worked in bright colors and several tones of gold, the meticulously designed and painted arabesques are enriched by fantastic flowers, birds, and animals. The inscription in the center reads: "His Majesty Shihabuddin Muhammad Shahjahan, the King, Warrior of the Faith, may God perpetuate his kingdom and sovereignty.". Photo Credit: Metropolitan Museum of Art
    The image features a Rosette Bearing the Names and Titles of Shah Jahan; Folio from the Shah Jahan Album. It depicts a shamsa (literally, sun) traditionally opened imperial Mughal albums. Worked in bright colors and several tones of gold, the meticulously designed and painted arabesques are enriched by fantastic flowers, birds, and animals. The inscription in the center reads: "His Majesty Shihabuddin Muhammad Shahjahan, the King, Warrior of the Faith, may God perpetuate his kingdom and sovereignty.".

    Photo Credit: Metropolitan Museum of Art

  • Image 22St. Martin's Island is a small island in the northeastern part of the Bay of Bengal, about 9 km south of the tip of the Cox's Bazar-Teknaf peninsula, and forming the southernmost part of Bangladesh. There is a small adjoining island that is separated at high tide, called Chera Dwip. It is about 8 kilometres (5 miles) west of the northwest coast of Myanmar, at the mouth of the Naf River. Photo Credit: Niaz morshed Shovon
    St. Martin's Island is a small island in the northeastern part of the Bay of Bengal, about 9 km south of the tip of the Cox's Bazar-Teknaf peninsula, and forming the southernmost part of Bangladesh. There is a small adjoining island that is separated at high tide, called Chera Dwip. It is about 8 kilometres (5 miles) west of the northwest coast of Myanmar, at the mouth of the Naf River.

    Photo Credit: Niaz morshed Shovon

  • Image 23In Bangladesh there are many tribal people live in Sylhet, Dinajpur, Cox's Bazar, Mymensingh, Rajshahi etc. But majority of tribal people live in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. This picture features a tribal kid with her little sister tied in her back at Farukpara, Bandarban, Bangladesh. Photo Credit: Mohammad Rakibul Hasan
    In Bangladesh there are many tribal people live in Sylhet, Dinajpur, Cox's Bazar, Mymensingh, Rajshahi etc. But majority of tribal people live in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. This picture features a tribal kid with her little sister tied in her back at Farukpara, Bandarban, Bangladesh.

    Photo Credit: Mohammad Rakibul Hasan

  • Image 24Dinajpur Railway Bridge on Punorvoba River is an important landmark facilitating rail connectivity between Dinajpur District and rest of the country. Photo Credit: Jubair1985
    Dinajpur Railway Bridge on Punorvoba River is an important landmark facilitating rail connectivity between Dinajpur District and rest of the country.

    Photo Credit: Jubair1985

  • Image 25Cox's Bazar in Bangladesh known for its wide sandy beach, is believed to be the world's longest (120 km) natural sandy sea beach. It is located 152 km south of Chittagong. Photo Credit: ed g2s
    Cox's Bazar in Bangladesh known for its wide sandy beach, is believed to be the world's longest (120 km) natural sandy sea beach. It is located 152 km south of Chittagong.

    Photo Credit: ed g2s

  • Image 26An old man carrying two baskets on a stick through a field of tea plants in Jaflong, Sylhet, Bangladesh, with misty hills in the background. Photo Credit: Abdul Momin
    An old man carrying two baskets on a stick through a field of tea plants in Jaflong, Sylhet, Bangladesh, with misty hills in the background.

    Photo Credit: Abdul Momin

  • Image 27Durga Puja is the biggest festival of Hindus in Assam, Bihar, West Bengal, Jharkhand, and Bangladesh, and of Bengali Hindus all over the world. It is also called Akalbodhan, Vijaya Dashami, Dashain, and Dussehra. The image shows celebration of the festival at Dhakeshwari Temple, the national temple of Bangladesh. Photo Credit: Rajiv Ashrafi
    Durga Puja is the biggest festival of Hindus in Assam, Bihar, West Bengal, Jharkhand, and Bangladesh, and of Bengali Hindus all over the world. It is also called Akalbodhan, Vijaya Dashami, Dashain, and Dussehra. The image shows celebration of the festival at Dhakeshwari Temple, the national temple of Bangladesh.

    Photo Credit: Rajiv Ashrafi

  • Image 28Natore Rajbari (also known as Pagla Raja's Palace, Natore Palace) was a prominent royal palace in Natore, Bangladesh. It was the residence and seat of the Rajshahi Raj family of zamindars. The famous queen Rani Bhabani lived here and after the death of her husband, expanded both the estate and the palace. Photo Credit: Nur-E-Saud
    Natore Rajbari (also known as Pagla Raja's Palace, Natore Palace) was a prominent royal palace in Natore, Bangladesh. It was the residence and seat of the Rajshahi Raj family of zamindars. The famous queen Rani Bhabani lived here and after the death of her husband, expanded both the estate and the palace.

    Photo Credit: Nur-E-Saud

  • Image 29Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis I. Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. This photo offers a view of the parliament building during sunrise. Photo Credit: Lykantrop
    Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis I. Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. This photo offers a view of the parliament building during sunrise.

    Photo Credit: Lykantrop

  • Image 30The oriental garden lizard, eastern garden lizard or changeable lizard (Calotes versicolor) is an agamid lizard found widely distributed in Asia. The pictured specimen was photographed at National Botanical Gardens, Dhaka. Photo Credit: Azim Khan Ronnie
    The oriental garden lizard, eastern garden lizard or changeable lizard (Calotes versicolor) is an agamid lizard found widely distributed in Asia. The pictured specimen was photographed at National Botanical Gardens, Dhaka.

    Photo Credit: Azim Khan Ronnie

  • Image 31Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis I. Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. This photo offers a close view of a section of the parliament building. Photo Credit: Nahid Sultan & Saiful Aopu
    Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis I. Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. This photo offers a close view of a section of the parliament building.

    Photo Credit: Nahid Sultan & Saiful Aopu

  • Image 32Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis I. Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. This photo offers a close view of a section of the parliament building. Photo Credit: justinstravels
    Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis I. Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. This photo offers a close view of a section of the parliament building.

    Photo Credit: justinstravels

  • Image 33The Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) is one of the best-known species of Old World monkeys native in Bangladesh. The pictured macaque is seen eating from a jackfruit at Lawachara National Park, Moulvibazar. Photo Credit: Syedabbas321
    The Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) is one of the best-known species of Old World monkeys native in Bangladesh. The pictured macaque is seen eating from a jackfruit at Lawachara National Park, Moulvibazar.

    Photo Credit: Syedabbas321

  • Image 34The lineated barbet (Psilopogon lineatus) is an Asian barbet native to the Terai, the Brahmaputra basin to Southeast Asia. It is a frugivore and nests in holes of tree trunks. The pictured specimen was photographed at National Botanical Gardens, Dhaka. Photo Credit: Nafis Ameen
    The lineated barbet (Psilopogon lineatus) is an Asian barbet native to the Terai, the Brahmaputra basin to Southeast Asia. It is a frugivore and nests in holes of tree trunks. The pictured specimen was photographed at National Botanical Gardens, Dhaka.

    Photo Credit: Nafis Ameen

  • Image 35The District of Rangamati is a part of the Chittagong Hill Tracts and is one of the most beautiful districts of the country. Its beauty lies in the people, culture, landscape and lifestyle. The Hanging Bridge at Rangamti district, pictured here, is a famous landmark and tourist attraction of the district. Photo Credit: Shakhawat Hossen Shafat
    The District of Rangamati is a part of the Chittagong Hill Tracts and is one of the most beautiful districts of the country. Its beauty lies in the people, culture, landscape and lifestyle. The Hanging Bridge at Rangamti district, pictured here, is a famous landmark and tourist attraction of the district.

    Photo Credit: Shakhawat Hossen Shafat

  • Image 36The crimson sunbird (Aethopyga siparaja) is a species of bird native in Bangladesh. The pictured specimen was photographed at Modhutila Eco-Park in Sherpur District. Photo Credit: Masud Rana
    The crimson sunbird (Aethopyga siparaja) is a species of bird native in Bangladesh. The pictured specimen was photographed at Modhutila Eco-Park in Sherpur District.

    Photo Credit: Masud Rana

  • Image 37The Padma Multipurpose Bridge is a multipurpose road-rail bridge across the Padma River, the main distributary of Ganges, under construction in Bangladesh. The image features a beautiful morning view of Padma Bridge under construction (November 2021). Photo Credit: Nahian Bin Shafiq
    The Padma Multipurpose Bridge is a multipurpose road-rail bridge across the Padma River, the main distributary of Ganges, under construction in Bangladesh. The image features a beautiful morning view of Padma Bridge under construction (November 2021).

    Photo Credit: Nahian Bin Shafiq

  • Image 38Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis I. Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. This photo offers a view of the assembly hall inside the parliament building Photo Credit: Rossi101
    Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis I. Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. This photo offers a view of the assembly hall inside the parliament building

    Photo Credit: Rossi101

  • Image 39Muslin is a cotton fabric of plain weave made in a wide range of weights from delicate sheers to coarse sheeting. Early muslin was hand woven of uncommonly delicate handspun yarn, especially in the region around Dhaka, Bengal (now Bangladesh). The picture depicts an 18th-century woman in Dhaka clad in fine Bengali muslin. Photo Credit: Francesco Renaldi
    Muslin is a cotton fabric of plain weave made in a wide range of weights from delicate sheers to coarse sheeting. Early muslin was hand woven of uncommonly delicate handspun yarn, especially in the region around Dhaka, Bengal (now Bangladesh). The picture depicts an 18th-century woman in Dhaka clad in fine Bengali muslin.

    Photo Credit: Francesco Renaldi

  • Image 40Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis I. Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. This photo offers a close view of a section of the parliament building. Photo Credit: Nahid Sultan & Saiful Aopu
    Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis I. Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. This photo offers a close view of a section of the parliament building.

    Photo Credit: Nahid Sultan & Saiful Aopu

  • Image 41St. Martin's Island is a small island in the northeast part of the Bay of Bengal, about 9 km south of the tip of the Cox's Bazar-Teknaf peninsula, and forming the southernmost part of Bangladesh. It is the only coral island in Bangladesh. This picture features the dead corals of The Saint Martin's Island. Photo Credit: Mirza Salman Hossain Beg
    St. Martin's Island is a small island in the northeast part of the Bay of Bengal, about 9 km south of the tip of the Cox's Bazar-Teknaf peninsula, and forming the southernmost part of Bangladesh. It is the only coral island in Bangladesh. This picture features the dead corals of The Saint Martin's Island.

    Photo Credit: Mirza Salman Hossain Beg

  • Image 42Chandanpura Nachghar is an ancient building located adjacent to Chandanpura Fire Service Station, along Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah road in Chittagong, Bangladesh. It is known as the dance hall of the Zamindar house of Sajjalela. The building, once used as the Chittagong Divisional Fire Service Office, is currently preserved as the proposed Fire Service and Civil Defense Museum. Photo Credit: Intakhab
    Chandanpura Nachghar is an ancient building located adjacent to Chandanpura Fire Service Station, along Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah road in Chittagong, Bangladesh. It is known as the dance hall of the Zamindar house of Sajjalela. The building, once used as the Chittagong Divisional Fire Service Office, is currently preserved as the proposed Fire Service and Civil Defense Museum.

    Photo Credit: Intakhab

  • Image 43The river Buriganga is economically very important to Dhaka. Even during the Mughal rules the banks of the Buriganga were already a prime location for trade. Today the river provides vital connectivity between the capital city and many districts. The photograph features a launch sailing from Sadarghat on the Buriganga during sunset. Photo Credit: Jubair1985
    The river Buriganga is economically very important to Dhaka. Even during the Mughal rules the banks of the Buriganga were already a prime location for trade. Today the river provides vital connectivity between the capital city and many districts. The photograph features a launch sailing from Sadarghat on the Buriganga during sunset.

    Photo Credit: Jubair1985

  • Image 44Numerous species of Calliphoridae or blow fly commonly known as Green bottle fly are found in Bangladesh. The pictured specimen was photographed at Baldha Garden, Dhaka. Photo Credit: Azim Khan Ronnie
    Numerous species of Calliphoridae or blow fly commonly known as Green bottle fly are found in Bangladesh. The pictured specimen was photographed at Baldha Garden, Dhaka.

    Photo Credit: Azim Khan Ronnie

  • Image 45The Khan Mohammad Mridha Mosque on Lalbagh road is situated less than half a kilometre west of the Lalbagh Fort, in an area called Atish Khana in old Dhaka. Two Persian inscriptions, one over the central archway and the other over the central Mihrab, speak of its construction during 1704–05 AD. Photo Credit: Ragib Hasan
    The Khan Mohammad Mridha Mosque on Lalbagh road is situated less than half a kilometre west of the Lalbagh Fort, in an area called Atish Khana in old Dhaka. Two Persian inscriptions, one over the central archway and the other over the central Mihrab, speak of its construction during 1704–05 AD.

    Photo Credit: Ragib Hasan

  • Image 46Bagakain Lake, also called Boga Lake is located in Ruma Upazila in Bandarban. It is a natural sweet and deep water lake situated nearly 1,246 feet (380 m) above sea level. The irregularly shaped lake is bounded on three sides by mountain peaks covered with thick bamboo bushes. Photo Credit: Masum Ibn Musa
    Bagakain Lake, also called Boga Lake is located in Ruma Upazila in Bandarban. It is a natural sweet and deep water lake situated nearly 1,246 feet (380 m) above sea level. The irregularly shaped lake is bounded on three sides by mountain peaks covered with thick bamboo bushes.

    Photo Credit: Masum Ibn Musa

  • Image 47This is a photographic reproduction of an original two-dimensional work of art by Francis Hayman (1708–1776) created in 1762. The artwork is showing Lord Clive meeting with Mir Jafar after the Battle of Plassey (1757). The painting was displayed in Vauxhall soon after completion. Photo Credit:www.sterlingtimes.org
    This is a photographic reproduction of an original two-dimensional work of art by Francis Hayman (1708–1776) created in 1762. The artwork is showing Lord Clive meeting with Mir Jafar after the Battle of Plassey (1757). The painting was displayed in Vauxhall soon after completion.

    Photo Credit:www.sterlingtimes.org

  • Image 48Ratargul Swamp Forest is a freshwater swamp forest located in Gowain River, Fatehpur Union, Gowainghat, Sylhet, Bangladesh. It is the only swamp forest located in Bangladesh and one of the few freshwater swamp forest in the world. The forest is naturally conserved under the Department of Forestry, Govt. of Bangladesh. Photo Credit: Sumon Mallick
    Ratargul Swamp Forest is a freshwater swamp forest located in Gowain River, Fatehpur Union, Gowainghat, Sylhet, Bangladesh. It is the only swamp forest located in Bangladesh and one of the few freshwater swamp forest in the world. The forest is naturally conserved under the Department of Forestry, Govt. of Bangladesh.

    Photo Credit: Sumon Mallick

  • Image 49Pohela Baishakh, is the first day of the Bengali calendar, celebrated in both Bangladesh and Bengali communities across India. The most colourful New Year's Day festival takes place in Dhaka, as the students and teachers of Institute of Fine Arts, University of Dhaka take out a colourful procession and parade round the campus. This image shows a glimpse of the parade. Photo Credit: Niloy
    Pohela Baishakh, is the first day of the Bengali calendar, celebrated in both Bangladesh and Bengali communities across India. The most colourful New Year's Day festival takes place in Dhaka, as the students and teachers of Institute of Fine Arts, University of Dhaka take out a colourful procession and parade round the campus. This image shows a glimpse of the parade.

    Photo Credit: Niloy

  • Image 50Somapura Mahavihara in Paharpur, Badalgachhi Upazila, Naogaon District, Bangladesh is among the best known Buddhist viharas in the Indian subcontinent and is one of the most important archeological sites in the country. It was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Photo Credit: Kazi Rashed Abdallah
    Somapura Mahavihara in Paharpur, Badalgachhi Upazila, Naogaon District, Bangladesh is among the best known Buddhist viharas in the Indian subcontinent and is one of the most important archeological sites in the country. It was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985.

    Photo Credit: Kazi Rashed Abdallah

  • Image 51The Asian pied starling (Sturnus contra) is one of the 12 bird species of family Sturnidae resident in Bangladesh. Locally known as myna or shalik, these birds build their nests in holes or cavities in trees or buildings, or large globular structures of straw, twigs, etc. in trees. Photo Credit: J.M.Garg
    The Asian pied starling (Sturnus contra) is one of the 12 bird species of family Sturnidae resident in Bangladesh. Locally known as myna or shalik, these birds build their nests in holes or cavities in trees or buildings, or large globular structures of straw, twigs, etc. in trees.

    Photo Credit: J.M.Garg

  • Image 52Egrets are herons which have white or buff plumage, and develop fine plumes (usually milky white) during the breeding season.. The pictured specimens were photographed at Sundarbans East Wildlife Sanctuary, Bagerhat. Photo Credit: Md shahanshah bappy
    Egrets are herons which have white or buff plumage, and develop fine plumes (usually milky white) during the breeding season.. The pictured specimens were photographed at Sundarbans East Wildlife Sanctuary, Bagerhat.

    Photo Credit: Md shahanshah bappy

  • Image 53The pictured Shiva Temple is situated in Puthia Bazar of Rajshahi District. It was built on a hing plinth on the southern bank of a large tank. The temple is a 19.81 meter square building and total height is 35.03 meter. It is a Pancha Ratna type building consists of a Garbhagriha and a surrounding verandah. Rani Bhubanmoye Debi built this temple in 1823 AD. Photo Credit: Nasir Khan Saikat
    The pictured Shiva Temple is situated in Puthia Bazar of Rajshahi District. It was built on a hing plinth on the southern bank of a large tank. The temple is a 19.81 meter square building and total height is 35.03 meter. It is a Pancha Ratna type building consists of a Garbhagriha and a surrounding verandah. Rani Bhubanmoye Debi built this temple in 1823 AD.

    Photo Credit: Nasir Khan Saikat

  • Image 54Chittagong War Cemetery is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery located at Dampara 22 kilometers north of the airport and 8 kilometers from the port. The burial area is surrounded by a large plantation. A tarmac lane leads from the entrance gate to the burial area which is entered through a metal gate flanked by two small brick chapels. Photo Credit: Hossain Toufique Iftekher
    Chittagong War Cemetery is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery located at Dampara 22 kilometers north of the airport and 8 kilometers from the port. The burial area is surrounded by a large plantation. A tarmac lane leads from the entrance gate to the burial area which is entered through a metal gate flanked by two small brick chapels.

    Photo Credit: Hossain Toufique Iftekher

  • Image 55NgafaKhong (native Marma term) or Nafa-khum waterfall is situated on the Remaikree River, a tributory of Sangu river. The wild hilly Remaikree river suddenly falls down here about 25–30 feet. The falls are located in a remote area two hours' walking distance from Remakree bazar, Thanchi Upazila, Bandarban District. Photo Credit: Abu Md. Jakaria
    NgafaKhong (native Marma term) or Nafa-khum waterfall is situated on the Remaikree River, a tributory of Sangu river. The wild hilly Remaikree river suddenly falls down here about 25–30 feet. The falls are located in a remote area two hours' walking distance from Remakree bazar, Thanchi Upazila, Bandarban District.

    Photo Credit: Abu Md. Jakaria

  • Image 56Magpie Robin, a very common bird in Bangladesh - locally known as Doyel or Doel (Bengali: দোয়েল), is designated as the National Bird of the country. Photo Credit: J.M.Garg
    Magpie Robin, a very common bird in Bangladesh - locally known as Doyel or Doel (Bengali: দোয়েল), is designated as the National Bird of the country.

    Photo Credit: J.M.Garg

  • Image 57The Brahminy kite (Haliastur indus) is a medium-sized bird of prey in the family Accipitridae found in the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia and Australia. They are found mainly on the coast and in inland wetlands, where they feed on dead fish and other prey. Adults have a reddish-brown body plumage contrasting with their white head and breast which make them easy to distinguish from other birds of prey. The pictured specimen was photographed at Kuakata Eco-Park. Photo Credit: Md. Tareq Aziz Touhid
    The Brahminy kite (Haliastur indus) is a medium-sized bird of prey in the family Accipitridae found in the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia and Australia. They are found mainly on the coast and in inland wetlands, where they feed on dead fish and other prey. Adults have a reddish-brown body plumage contrasting with their white head and breast which make them easy to distinguish from other birds of prey. The pictured specimen was photographed at Kuakata Eco-Park.

    Photo Credit: Md. Tareq Aziz Touhid

  • Image 58Numerous species of Dragonflies are native in Bangladesh. The pictured specimen was photographed at Baldha Garden, Dhaka. Photo Credit: Azim Khan Ronnie
    Numerous species of Dragonflies are native in Bangladesh. The pictured specimen was photographed at Baldha Garden, Dhaka.

    Photo Credit: Azim Khan Ronnie

  • Image 59Dhakeshwari Temple is a famous state-owned Hindu temple in Dhaka, Bangladesh built in the 12th century. The temple is located southwest of the Salimullah Hall of Dhaka University. This image shows Shiva temple structures inside the Dhakeshwari Temple complex. Photo Credit: Ragib Hasan
    Dhakeshwari Temple is a famous state-owned Hindu temple in Dhaka, Bangladesh built in the 12th century. The temple is located southwest of the Salimullah Hall of Dhaka University. This image shows Shiva temple structures inside the Dhakeshwari Temple complex.

    Photo Credit: Ragib Hasan

  • Image 60The blue peafowl (Pavo cristatus), a large and brightly coloured bird, is a species of peafowl native to the Indian subcontinent, but introduced in many other parts of the world. The photo shows a peacock displaying its train at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park. Photo Credit: Azim Khan Ronnie
    The blue peafowl (Pavo cristatus), a large and brightly coloured bird, is a species of peafowl native to the Indian subcontinent, but introduced in many other parts of the world. The photo shows a peacock displaying its train at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park.

    Photo Credit: Azim Khan Ronnie

  • Image 61Baitul Mukarram is the National Mosque of Bangladesh. Located at the center of Dhaka, capital of Bangladesh, the mosque was completed in 1968. Photo Credit: Jubair1985
    Baitul Mukarram is the National Mosque of Bangladesh. Located at the center of Dhaka, capital of Bangladesh, the mosque was completed in 1968.

    Photo Credit: Jubair1985

  • Image 62Fantails are small insectivorous birds of Australasia, Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent of the genus Rhipidura in the family Rhipiduridae. The pictured specimen was photographed at Bhawal National Park. Photo Credit: Md shahanshah bappy
    Fantails are small insectivorous birds of Australasia, Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent of the genus Rhipidura in the family Rhipiduridae. The pictured specimen was photographed at Bhawal National Park.

    Photo Credit: Md shahanshah bappy

  • Image 63The Indian pitta (Pitta brachyura) is a passerine bird native to the Indian subcontinent. It inhabits scrub jungle, deciduous and dense evergreen forest. The pictured specimen was photographed at Bhawal National Park. Photo Credit: Md shahanshah bappy
    The Indian pitta (Pitta brachyura) is a passerine bird native to the Indian subcontinent. It inhabits scrub jungle, deciduous and dense evergreen forest. The pictured specimen was photographed at Bhawal National Park.

    Photo Credit: Md shahanshah bappy

  • Image 64The Pancha Ratna Govinda Temple in is located at Puthia village in Rajshahi district in Bangladesh. The temple is a striking monument built in the 19th century. It has the architectural feature of five ratnas or spires. It is located within the inner precincts of the Puthia Rajbari or palace. Photo Credit: RockyMasum
    The Pancha Ratna Govinda Temple in is located at Puthia village in Rajshahi district in Bangladesh. The temple is a striking monument built in the 19th century. It has the architectural feature of five ratnas or spires. It is located within the inner precincts of the Puthia Rajbari or palace.

    Photo Credit: RockyMasum

  • Image 65Lawachara National Park is a major national park and nature reserve in Bangladesh. The park is located at Kamalganj Upazila, Maulvi Bazar District in the northeastern region of the country. The park covers approximately 1,250 ha (12.5 km2) of semi-evergreen forest Biome and mixed deciduous forest Biome. Photo Credit: Pallabkabir
    Lawachara National Park is a major national park and nature reserve in Bangladesh. The park is located at Kamalganj Upazila, Maulvi Bazar District in the northeastern region of the country. The park covers approximately 1,250 ha (12.5 km2) of semi-evergreen forest Biome and mixed deciduous forest Biome.

    Photo Credit: Pallabkabir

  • Image 66Cox's Bazar in Bangladesh known for its wide sandy beach, is believed to be the world's longest (120 km) natural sandy sea beach. It is located 152 km south of Chittagong. The photo features a beach restaurant at Cox's Bazar. Photo Credit: Xalan mustafa
    Cox's Bazar in Bangladesh known for its wide sandy beach, is believed to be the world's longest (120 km) natural sandy sea beach. It is located 152 km south of Chittagong. The photo features a beach restaurant at Cox's Bazar.

    Photo Credit: Xalan mustafa

  • Image 67Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis I. Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. Photo Credit: Karl Ernst Roehl
    Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis I. Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh.

    Photo Credit: Karl Ernst Roehl

  • Image 68Hardinge Bridge is a steel railway bridge over the river Padma located at Paksey, Ishwardi, Pabna in western Bangladesh. It is named after Lord Hardinge, who was the Viceroy of India from 1910 to 1916. The bridge is 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi) long. Photo Credit: Azim Khan Ronnie
    Hardinge Bridge is a steel railway bridge over the river Padma located at Paksey, Ishwardi, Pabna in western Bangladesh. It is named after Lord Hardinge, who was the Viceroy of India from 1910 to 1916. The bridge is 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi) long.

    Photo Credit: Azim Khan Ronnie

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Humayun
Humayun

Emperor Humayun (full title: Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram, Jam-i-Sultanat-i-haqiqi wa Majazi, Sayyid al-Salatin, Abu'l Muzaffar Nasir ud-din Muhammad Humayun Padshah Ghazi, Zillu'llah) (March 17, 1508 – March 4, 1556) (OS March 7, 1508-OS February 22, 1556) was the second Mughal Emperor who ruled modern Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of northern India from 1530–1540 and again from 1555–1556. Like his father, Babur, he lost his kingdom early, but with Persian aid, he eventually regained an even larger one. On the eve of his death in 1556, the Mughal Empire spanned almost 250 million acres (1,000,000 km2).

He succeeded his father in India in 1530, while his half-brother Kamran Mirza, who was to become a rather bitter rival, obtained the sovereignty of Kabul and Lahore, the more northern parts of their father's empire. He originally ascended the throne at the age of 22 and was somewhat inexperienced when he came to power.

Humayun lost his Indian territories to the Afghan Sultan, Sher Shah Suri, and, with Persian aid, regained them fifteen years later. Humayun's return from Persia, accompanied by a large retinue of Persian noblemen, signalled an important change in Mughal Court culture, as the Central Asian origins of the dynasty were largely overshadowed by the influences of Persian art, architecture, language and literature. Subsequently, in a very short time, Humayun was able to expand the Empire further, leaving a substantial legacy for his son, Akbar the Great (Akbar-e-Azam). (more)

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