GM 6L transmission

6L 45 · 6L 50 · 6L 80 · 6L 90
A Hydra-Matic 6L 80 transmission at the Ypsilanti Automotive Heritage Museum
Overview
ManufacturerGeneral Motors
Production2005–2023
Body and chassis
Class6-Speed Longitudinal
Automatic Transmission
RelatedAisin AWTF-80 SC
Ford 6R
ZF 6HP
Chronology
Predecessor5L 40-E · 5L 50
Successor8L 45 · 8L 90

The 6L XX family is a series of 6-speed longitudinally-mounted automatic transmissions produced by General Motors. The 6L 80 and 6L 90 were assembled at GM Powertrain plants in Ypsilanti, MI (Willow Run Transmission), Toledo, Ohio (Toledo Transmission) and Silao, Guanajuato, Mexico, while the smaller 6L 45 and 6L 50 were produced at those same Toledo and Silao plants, as well as at a GM Powertrain plant in Strasbourg, France. All four models feature clutch to clutch shifting, eliminating the one-way clutches used on older transmission designs.

It uses a Lepelletier gear mechanism,[1] an epicyclic/planetary gearset, which can provide more gear ratios with significantly fewer components. This means the 6HP 26 is actually lighter than its five-speed 5HP predecessors.

The series was first launched with the 6L 80 in the 2006 Cadillac STS-V, with the remaining three versions all first appearing in 2007 model year vehicles. The 6L 90 was a strengthened and uprated version of the 6L 80, used primarily in heavy-duty truck/van applications. The 6L 50 was used on V8-powered versions of the Cadillac STS sedan and Cadillac SRX crossover, and replaced the 5L 40-E and 5L 50 in GM's lineup. The 6L 45 was a smaller version of the 6L 50, used in certain BMW vehicles and the Cadillac ATS, as part of either rear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive powertrains.

Key Data

Gear Ratios [a]
Model First
Deliv-
ery 		Gear Total Span Avg.
Step 		Components Nomenclature
R 1 2 3 4 5 6 Nomi-
nal 		Effec-
tive 		Cen-
ter 		Total per
Gear[b] 		Gears
Count 		Cou-
pling 		Gear-
sets 		Maximum Input Torque
6L 45 · 6L 50 2005 −3.200 4.065 2.371 1.551 1.157 0.853 0.674 6.035 4.751 1.655 1.433 3
Gearsets
2 Brakes
3 Clutches 		1.333 6[b] Installation
L[c] 		500 N⋅m (369 lb⋅ft)
6L 80 · 6L 90 2005 −3.064 4.027 2.364 1.532 1.152 0.852 0.667 6.040 4.596 1.638 1.433 800 N⋅m (590 lb⋅ft) · 1,200 N⋅m (885 lb⋅ft)
ZF 6HP[d] 2000 −3.403 4.171 2.340 1.521 1.143 0.867 0.691 6.035 4.924 1.698 1.433 H[e] P[f] 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) – 750 N⋅m (553 lb⋅ft)
  1. ^ Differences in gear ratios have a measurable, direct impact on vehicle dynamics, performance, waste emissions as well as fuel mileage
  2. ^ a b Forward gears only
  3. ^ Longitudinal engine
  4. ^ first transmission to use the 6-speed Lepelletier gear mechanism
  5. ^ Hydraulic torque converter · German: Hydraulischer Wandler oder Drehmomentwandler
  6. ^ Planetary gearing · German: Planetenradsätze

Specifications

Technical Data

Combined Parallel and Serial Coupled Gearset Concept For More Gears And Improved Cost-Effectiveness

Main Objectives

The main objective in replacing the predecessor model was to improve vehicle fuel economy with extra speeds and a wider gear span to allow the engine speed level to be lowered (downspeeding). The layout brings the ability to shift in a non-sequential manner – going from gear 6 to gear 2 in extreme situations simply by changing one shift element (actuating clutch E and releasing brake A).

Extent

In order to increase the number of ratios, ZF has abandoned the conventional design method of limiting themselves to pure in-line epicyclic gearing and extended it to a combination with parallel epicyclic gearing. This was only possible thanks to computer-aided design and has resulted in a globally patent for this gearset concept. The 6L is based on the 6HP from ZF, which was the first transmission designed according to this new paradigm. After gaining additional gear ratios only with additional components, this time the number of components has to decrease while the number of ratios still increase. The progress is reflected in a much better ratio of the number of gears to the number of components used compared to existing layouts.

Applications

6L 45

6L 50

6L 80

6L 90

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^ Riley, Mike (2013-09-01). "Lepelletier Planetary System". Transmission Digest. Archived from the original on 2023-06-21. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
  2. ^ Csere, Csaba (March 2012). Dissected: 2013 Cadillac ATS. Car and Driver. ISBN 9781858941905. OCLC 38224673. Archived from the original on 2012-10-30. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  3. ^ "2015 Chevrolet Colorado Specifications". GM. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
  4. ^ "Bremach Suv".
  5. ^ "GM Corporate Newsroom - United States - Home". media.gm.com. Retrieved 2016-10-26.
allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GM_6L_transmission