Port Townsend, Washington
City
The heart of downtown Port Townsend, seen from the water
Location of Port Townsend, Washington
Country	United States
State	Washington
County	Jefferson
Area
• Total	9.5 sq mi (24.5 km2)
• Land	7.0 sq mi (18.1 km2)
• Water	2.5 sq mi (6.4 km2)
Elevation	130 ft (40 m)
Population  (2000)
• Total	8,334
• Density	1,192/sq mi (460.1/km2)
Time zone	UTC-8 (Pacific (PST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC-7 (PDT)
ZIP code	98368
Area code	360
FIPS code	53-55855Template:GR
GNIS feature ID	1524589Template:GR

Port Townsend Historic District
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. National Historic Landmark District
Location	Roughly bounded by Scott, Blaine, Walker, and Taft Sts., and the Waterfront, Port Townsend, Washington
Area	200 acres[1]
Built	1858
Architect	Unknown
Architectural style	Mid 19th Century Revival, Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals, Late Victorian
NRHP reference No.	76001883
Added to NRHP	May 17, 1976[2]

Port Townsend is a city in Jefferson County, Washington, United States, approximately Template:Mi to km north-northwest of Seattle. The population was 8,334 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat and only incorporated city of Jefferson CountyTemplate:GR. In addition to its natural scenery at the northeast tip of the Olympic Peninsula, the city is also known for the many Victorian buildings remaining from its late 19th-century heyday, numerous annual cultural events, and as a maritime center for independent boatbuilders and related industries and crafts. The Port Townsend Historic District is a U.S. National Historic Landmark District.

The bay was originally named "Port Townshend" by Captain George Vancouver (for his friend the Marquis of Townshend) in 1792, Port Townsend was immediately recognized as a good, safe harbor although strong south winds and poor holding ground often make small craft anchorage problematic off the town's waterfront. The bay is now home to Naval Magazine Indian Island, the US Navy's primary munitions handling dock on the Pacific coast.

The official settlement of the city of the same name took place on the 24th of April, 1851. American Indian tribes located in what is now Jefferson County in the mid-19th century included the Chemakum (or Chimacum), Hoh (a group of the Quileute), Klallam (or Clallam), Quinault and Twana (the Kilcid band — Anglicized: Quilcene).

Port Townsend is also called the "City of Dreams" because of the early speculation that the city would be the largest harbor on the west coast of the United States.

By the late 1800s, Port Townsend was a well-known seaport, very active and banking on the future. Many homes and buildings were built during that time, with most of the architecture ornate Victorian.

Railroads were built to reach more areas in the 1870-1890s and Port Townsend was to be the northwest extension of the rail lines. Its port was large and frequented by overseas vessels, so shipping of goods and timber from the area was a major part of the economy. Many of the buildings were built on the speculation that Port Townsend would become a booming shipping port and major city. When the depression hit, those plans lost the capital to continue and rail lines ended on the east side of Puget Sound, mainly in Tumwater, Tacoma and Seattle. With the other Puget Sound ports growing in size, Port Townsend saw a rapid decline in population when the Northern Pacific Railroad failed to connect the city to the eastern Puget Sound city of Tacoma. By the late 1890s, the boom was over. Without the railroad to spur economic growth, the town shrank and investors looked elsewhere to make a good return.

Many people left the area and many buildings were abandoned. Port Townsend's economy was very weak until the 1920s when a paper mill was built on the edge of the town. The town experienced a renaissance beginning in the 1970s as new residents, including many retirees, moved to town. Because of the speed at which the economy fell in the 1890s and the non-existence of any industry or economy to replace it, none of the Victorian buildings were torn down or built over in the intervening period. They were, in essence, preserved as time capsules for the next 100 years when the value of keeping them intact was appreciated and fostered.

The Port Townsend Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976,^[2] and further was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1977.^[3][1] It includes three separately listed Registered Historic Places: the Capt. Enoch S. Fowler House, the Rothschild House, and the St. Paul's Episcopal Church.

Over the decades that followed, Port Townsend maintained its economic stability in a variety of ways, including the development of artillery fortifications at Fort Worden. Currently, it is most famous economically for the jazz workshop that is held there every summer. As part of the workshop, famous jazz musicians play all week in the Port Townsend clubs and bars, drawing many tourists to the area.

A not well publicized fact explains why Port Townsend, with little industry other than tourism, appears nevertheless quite prosperous. The answer lies in that the seeming quaint “arts community and victorian seaport” is really a stage-set front for the largest lunatic asylum west of the Mississippi River. Port Townsend is where the well-to-do have for years committed their disturbed children to be sequestered from psychological stress related to coping with reality and common sense.

Although the figures aren’t released, it’s thought that perhaps seventy-five percent of the town’s population are inmates. Many have grown old while under treatment and have spent the better part of their lives here. When passing through Port Townsend, don’t expect to find any fences or walls or shuttered buildings confining these people. Port Townsend is a modern liberal town and the inmates are welcome to wander freely about, completely mainstreamed, but comfortably among their own kind.

Port Townsend is noted for a vast collection of Victorian homes and significant historical buildings. The city has more than a dozen larger buildings that are well preserved, including the Carnegie Library, the Federal Building (now commonly known simply as the city's post office), the Rose Theatre and the Elks Lodge, which now houses Silverwater Cafe. There is also Fort Worden with its pre-World War I architecture including the publicly accessible Olympic Youth Hostel. Perhaps the most stunning historical structure in Port Townsend is the Jefferson County Courthouse, a spectacular representation of the Richardsonian Romanesque architectural style.

In 1976, the Downtown waterfront and parts of Uptown were designated a Registered Historic District. Later, Fort Worden (now part of Fort Worden State Park) and the City of Port Townsend were designated National Historic Landmarks. The city is further recognized as one of only three Victorian seaports on the National Register of Historic Places.^{[citation needed]}

The Bell Tower on the bluff above downtown is one of two known towers of this type in the United States. It was used from 1890 to the 1940s to call volunteer firefighters. It was restored in 2003 by the Jefferson County Historical Society.^[4] The second bell tower is located in Helena, Montana, and was also used to summon volunteers and alert townspeople of any fires during late 1800s early gold rush days.

The sign entering town calls Port Townsend a "Victorian Seaport and Arts Community." Port Townsend is host to several annual events such as the Wooden Boat Festival [1] Kinetic Skulpture Race, and the annual blues and jazz festival.

Boating and maritime life are central cultural elements in this port town, with regattas, weekly races and a multitude of recreational opportunities. The marine trades industry is an anchor economic driver for the community, with highly skilled, world-renowned trades people. The port is home to many classic wooden boats, and gets visits from many others seeking repairs.

By and large an artist haven, downtown there are many galleries and two artist collectives [2]. There is a strong monthly Arts Walk and a plethora of classes, workshop and trainings.

Port Townsend has also been the birthplace of many talented rock, hip-hop and alternative artists. Notable acts in the past decade include the Hollowpoints, Waiting for the Sun, Brett Pemberton, The Planets and Isaac Rubio, some inspired by the original leaders of Jefferson county grunge, Circle of Fear. Notable advocates of the recent young alternative music scene include Folk Blade, Team Eagle, Observer Effect, The Mages Guild, New Faces, Zip Locc, and Kit and Katie Benge.

Port Townsend also holds one of the biggest independent film festivals in the world in September.

The Rose Theatre is a cinema downtown which shows contemporary American and foreign films. The Boiler Room[3] supports the expression and activities of youth. Centrum (arts organization) is a culture and art organization that hosts a multitude of workshops at Fort Worden State Park. Copper Canyon Press, the poetry press, is located here.

Port Townsend is located at 48°6′59″N 122°46′31″W / 48.11639°N 122.77528°W / 48.11639; -122.77528Invalid arguments have been passed to the {{#coordinates:}} function (48.116514, -122.775254)Template:GR. It is situated at the extreme northeastern end of the Olympic Peninsula, on the north end of a large, semi-protected bay. Port Townsend is adjacent to the Admiralty Inlet and a trio of State Parks built on retired artillery installations (Fort Worden, Fort Casey, and Fort Flagler).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 9.4 square miles (24.5 km²), of which, 7.0 square miles (18.1 km²) of it is land and 2.5 square miles (6.4 km²) of it (26.03%) is water.

In addition to road links to the south and west, Port Townsend is accessible via ferry from the Washington State Ferry system, which links Port Townsend with the Keystone ferry terminal on Whidbey Island, on the east side of Puget Sound.

At the 2000 censusTemplate:GR, there were 8,334 people, 3,917 households and 2,201 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,191.8 per square mile (460.3/km²). There were 4,250 housing units at an average density of 607.8/sq mi (234.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 93.27% White, 0.58% African American, 1.25% Native American, 1.27% Asian, 0.23% Pacific Islander, 0.89% from other races, and 2.52% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.30% of the population.

There were 3,917 households of which 23.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.4% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.8% were non-families. 36.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.09 and the average family size was 2.67. 205 of these households were on the waiting list of the Housing Choice Voucher Program as of 2003.

Age distribution was 19.6% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 32.3% from 45 to 64, and 20.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females there were 85.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.6 males.

The median household income was $34,536, and the median family income was $47,027. Males had a median income of $38,013 versus $27,753 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,395. bout 8.9% of families and 14.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.0% of those under age 18 and 10.2% of those age 65 or over.

Port Townsend operates with a Council/Manager form of government. Administrative offices are located in the recently renovated City Hall Building on Water Street in downtown Port Townsend.

• Peninsula Daily News--Port Townsend/Jefferson County Edition [4]
• Port Townsend & Jefferson County Leader [5]
• Liberty Magazine (founded by R. W. Bradford in 1987)

Port Townsend is twinned with Ichikawa, Japan. A group of local students participate in an exchange with this city during the summer.

The Port Townsend Sister Cities Friends is currently exploring the possibility of adding another sister city.

According to the Washington State Lieutenant Governor's website^[5], Port Townsend also has a sister city relationship with Jalapa, Nicaragua, though the city's website^[6] does not reflect this.

• City of Port Townsend Official Website: http://www.cityofpt.us/
• Guide to Port Townsend: http://www.ptguide.com/
• Naval Magazine Indian Island http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/indian-island.htm
• Northwest Maritime Center Programs http://www.woodenboat.org/programs/
• Port Townsend Washington.mobi: http://porttownsendwashington.mobi/ Mobile city guide for Port Townsend accommodations, real estate etc.
• Live Port Townsend Web Camera: http://www.cityofpt.us/webcam/outsidecam.asp
• Washington State Ferries: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/ferries/
• Port Townsend Then and Now: http://porttownsendthenandnow.com/
• University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections – The Pacific Northwest Olympic Peninsula Community Museum A web-based museum showcasing aspects of the rich history and culture of Washington State's Olympic Peninsula communities. Features cultural exhibits, curriculum packets and a searchable archive of over 12,000 items that includes historical photographs, audio recordings, videos, maps, diaries, reports and other documents.
• Jefferson County Historical Society Research Center A searchable, online collection of 49,000 records maintained by the Jefferson County museum and research center, whose mission is to actively discover, collect, preserve, and promote the heritage of Jefferson County in the State of Washington.

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