2016 Mongolian parliamentary election

2016 Mongolian parliamentary election
Mongolia
← 2012
29 June 2016
2020 →
All 76 seats in the State Great Khural
39 seats needed for a majority
Turnout74.35% (Increase 7.07pp)
Party Leader Vote % Seats +/–
MPP Miyeegombyn Enkhbold 45.12 65 +40
Democratic Zandaakhüügiin Enkhbold 33.14 9 −22
MPRP Nambaryn Enkhbayar 8.00 1 New
Independents – 6.00 1 −2
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Results by constituency
Prime Minister before Prime Minister after
Chimediin Saikhanbileg
Democratic		 Jargaltulgyn Erdenebat
MPP

Parliamentary elections were held in Mongolia on 29 June 2016.[1] The governing Democratic Party (DP) lost to a landslide victory of the Mongolian People's Party (MPP), retaining only nine of 76 seats in the State Great Khural.[2]

Although the DP's vote share was down by just two percentage points, a new electoral law promoting a two-party system was passed by the party while in government,[3] which allowed the MPP vote share to rise by around 14 percentage points. The DP lost 22 out of their previous 31 seats in the State Great Khural. As a result, the MPP secured a supermajority with 65 of 76 seats.

Electoral system

In the 2012 elections, the 76 members of the State Great Khural were elected by a parallel system; 48 were elected from single-member constituencies and 28 from a nationwide constituency by proportional representation. However, on 5 May 2016, the electoral law was amended to remove the proportional representation seats.[3] The changes were expected to marginalise smaller parties, and also removed the right of 150,000 Mongolian expatriates to vote, as they could not be registered in a specific constituency.[3]

All 76 seats of the State Great Khural were to be elected from 76 single-member constituencies. The winning candidate had to receive at least 28% of the valid votes to be elected; if not, a by-election would be held. Voter turnout had to be at least 50% in a constituency for the result to be valid.[4]

Campaign

Pre-election composition

Prior to the election, the outgoing 6th State Greal Khural initially had three political parties, one coalition, and three independents in 2012.[5] By June 2016, the number of parties in parliament increased to six with the foundation of the Sovereignty and Unity Party and the breakdown of the Justice Coalition.[6][7]

PartySeats+/–
Democratic Party38+4
Mongolian People's Party30+4
Justice Coalition4–7
Sovereignty and Unity2+2
Civil Will–Green Party1–1
Independent1–2
Total76–
Source: State Great Khural

Contesting parties

On April 30th, a total of 13 parties and 3 coalitions submitted their materials to the General Election Commission (GEC) to participate in the elections.[8] The Mongolian National Democratic Party (MNDP), which was part of the Justice Coalition with the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and part of the government coalition, did not contest the election and instead formally supported the DP. Alongwith the MNDP, the Motherland Party also stated it will endorse the DP to the GEC.[8]

The Civil Will–Green Party (CWGP), which won two seats in 2012 and was part of the government coalition, was barred from running due to irregularities in its paperwork on May 3.[9] The newly formed National Labour Party was also prevented from running, with its leader, Surenkhuugiin Borgil, standing as an independent instead.[3] The CWGP was later reinstated on the parliamentary ballot on June 7 and the regional election ballot on June 9 via a Supreme Court decision.[10][11]

12 parties and 3 coalitions were approved by the GEC to contest the elections. A total of 498 candidates registered to contest the elections, with the Democratic Party and Mongolian People's Party being the only parties to contest all 76 seats.[12] Out of the 498 candidates, 69 of them were independents.[13][14]

Party Total
Mongolian People's Party 76
Democratic Party 76
Sovereignty and Unity (MGP, Sovereignty and Unity Party) 9
Civil Will–Green Party 15
Mongolian Traditional United Party 11
Khan Choice (Development Programme Party, Mongolian Liberal Party) 9
Republican Party 36
Mongolian Social Democratic Party 17
Freedom Implementing Party 9
Civil Movement Party 27
Mongolian Democratic Movement Party 3
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party 71
United Patriots Coalition (United Patriots Party, All Mongolians Labour Party) 9
Mongol Conservative Party 13
Love the People Party 13
Independents 69
Total 498

Opinion polls

Opinion polls conducted by the Sant Maral Foundation and the MEC Barometer suggested that around half of Mongolian voters were undecided about whom to vote for in the 2016 election.[15] The MPP was expected to win a small plurality over the DP, whilst the MPRP was predicted to come third. A survey, conducted by the Sant Maral Foundation in March 2016, revealed that it was likely for the National Labour Party to win a seat with around 5% polling in Ulaanbaatar and 3.4% nationwide.[16]

Polling firm Fieldwork date Sample

size

MPP DP MPRP MNDP CWGP NLP Other Ind. NA Und./

DK

MEC Nov 2014 1,000 15.0 27.0 6.0 1.0 – – 15.0 – 36.0
MEC Dec 2014 1,000 18.0 27.0 4.0 1.0 – – 13.0 – 37.0
MEC Jan 2015 1,000 18.0 24.0 9.0 2.0 – – 10.0 – 37.0
MEC Feb 2015 1,000 16.0 18.0 8.0 2.0 – – 19.0 – 38.0
MEC Mar 2015 1,000 18.0 16.0 9.0 1.0 – – 21.0 – 36.0
Sant Maral 27 Mar – 12 Apr 2015 1,200 21.6 18.3 10.5 0.9 2.4 – 1.8 – 13.4 31.1
MEC Apr 2015 1,000 19.0 12.0 11.0 2.0 – – 18.0 – 37.0
MEC May 2015 1,000 14.0 15.0 7.0 1.0 – – 12.0 – 51.0
MEC Jul 2015 1,000 16.0 18.0 11.0 2.0 – – 14.0 – 40.0
MEC Sept 2015 1,000 18.0 14.0 10.0 2.0 – – 16.0 – 40.0
MEC Oct 2015 1,000 16.0 18.0 9.0 2.0 – – 14.0 – 41.0
MEC 7–11 Mar 2016 1,002 18.0 19.0 7.0 – – 3.0 – – – 53.0
Sant Maral 11–31 Mar 2016 1,500 20.9 17.3 10.5 0.4 1.4 3.4 10.7 0.4 12.5 32.8
MEC 7–12 Apr 2016 1,002 10.0 13.0 6.0 – – 5.0 6.0 – – 60.0
2016 election 29 Jun 2016 – 45.1 33.1 8.0 – 0.5 – 7.3 6.0 – –

Results

The opposition Mongolian People's Party won a supermajority of 65 seats, whilst the governing Democratic Party retained only 9 of its previous 34 seats. Incumbent prime minister Chimediin Saikhanbileg and party chairman, parliamentary speaker Zandaakhüügiin Enkhbold were among the unseated Democratic Party MPs. The Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and independent, popular folk singer Samadyn Javkhlan each won a single seat in the State Great Khural.[17][18]

The 239 votes cast for the MPRP candidate in constituency 11 (Gobi-Altai) and the 595 votes cast for an independent candidate in constituency 58 (Khan-Uul) were annulled.

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Mongolian People's Party636,13845.1265+39
Democratic Party467,19133.149–25
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party112,8508.001–
Sovereignty and Unity35,3942.510New
Republican Party23,1181.6400
Civil Movement Party12,2640.8700
United Patriots Party11,8260.8400
Civil Will–Green Party6,5680.470–2
Mongolian Social Democratic Party5,3080.3800
Love the People Party4,2290.300New
Mongolian Traditional United Party3,2830.2300
Khaan Choice2,7940.2000
Mongol Conservative Party2,0550.150New
Freedom Implementing Party1,8040.1300
Mongolian Democratic Movement Party4320.030New
Independents84,6096.001–2
Total1,409,863100.00760
Valid votes1,409,86399.23
Invalid/blank votes10,9430.77
Total votes1,420,806100.00
Registered voters/turnout1,911,04774.35
Source: General Election Commission[19]

Results by constituency

2016 Mongolian parliamentary election results by constituency
Province Constituency MPP DP MPRP SU RP CMP UPP IZNN MSDP LPP MTUP Khaan MCP FIP MDMP Ind. Invalid Electorate
Arkhangai 1 9,817 6,434 167 96 400 86 20,701
2 7,036 4,816 945 406
391		 102 18,842
3 9,704 5,252 886 144 19,995
Bayan-Ölgii 4 8,441 7,992 155 19,323
5 8,143 7,129 597 107 19,293
6 6,880 7,251 924 119 17,921
Bayankhongor 7 7,138 6,491 216 240 73 17,271
8 6,845 6,747 344 200 108 17,913
9 7,900 7,679 226 188 89 20,425
Bulgan 10 16,329 10,293 1,595 1,230 222 39,490
Govi-Altai 11 14,439 9,814 1,517
1,185
1,070		 405 35,501
Govisümber and
Dornogovi		 12 8,900 6,040 777 171 222 20,744
13 15,606 5,543 778 425 291 31,150
Dornod 14 8,964 7,311 2,073 222 25,348
15 8,094 4,454 749 90 1,891
1,735		 77 24,092
Dundgovi 16 6,437 6,559 3,115 971 2,963
1,408
921		 127 29,659
Zavkhan 17 8,466 8,599 2,500 116 453
242		 47 23,894
18 6,643 7,077 425 3,232 55 21,476
Övörkhangai 19 10,139 6,932 1,058 482 223 274 161 25,239
20 9,655 2,994 449 114 1,527
402		 123 21,643
21 9,391 7,158 404 3,196 155 25,434
Ömnögovi 22 7,434 6,640 1,036 97 20,490
23 6,912 6,847 867 91 20,341
Sükhbaatar 24 16,133 14,402 435 234 207 38,692
Selenge 25 7,616 6,550 679 323 242 1,371
127		 72 23,763
26 7,962 4,319 3,962 777 370 24,539
27 6,466 7,145 1,730 177 20,402
Töv 28 8,289 4,278 1,000 526 141 18,990
29 7,896 4,053 1,779 172 19,007
30 8,154 6,463 2,371 205 22,452
Uvs 31 8,358 7,737 101 58 43 19,231
32 8,021 5,648 94 16,574
33 7,611 5,532 217 66 16,085
Khovd 34 4,050 4,342 368 105 101 2,296 31 14,002
35 6,602 5,370 1,356 67 132 33 16,723
36 7,914 7,757 453 193 53 20,693
Khövsgöl 37 10,711 7,290 362 106 528 163 127 26,577
38 14,291 7,218 440 332 136 30,907
39 12,075 7,691 547 249 141 27,436
Khentii 40 6,623 4,885 309 139 15,562
41 6,232 4,246 436 724 86 73 14,735
42 5,841 5,426 1,050 162 16,619
Darkhan-Uul 43 6,553 3,128 452 852 4,365 127 91 21,876
44 6,716 3,640 2,145 537 171 443 124 596 58 20,250
45 6,320 4,209 1,399 2,609 132 21,159
Orkhon 46 5,751 3,413 3,112 660 284 2,706 115 22,569
47 2,882 3,188 4,222 100 1,034 2,723 44 62 373 54 20,663
48 4,725 4,628 1,830 208 2,875 577 102 21,525
Ulaanbaatar 49 7,616 6,282 2,357 1,619 547 310 806 93 2,998
682
254
254		 143 34,792
50 11,408 7,461 1,434 1,145 749 309 234 119 29,804
51 8,660 4,784 2,446 531 1,060 160 422 287 1,947 386 114 48 564
395		 129 32,613
52 8,985 7,755 2,471 763 492 516 534 239 100 166 3,430 234 37,408
53 7,677 8,491 1,616 727 794 279 213 183 545
317
173
160		 127 29,962
54 6,574 4,105 1,283 684 254 107 301 55 152 149 11,029
1,560
92		 162 37,182
55 6,331 5,548 2,296 247 654 2,224 98 178 94 29 537
450		 90 25,395
56 9,648 5,517 1,006 427 410 503 2,562
138		 75 26,021
57 4,318 5,296 1,667 649 367 127 274 178 401 3,658
749		 163 24,333
58 5,688 5,174 2,308 292 333 398 230 1,190 725 22,467
59 8,043 5,084 1,202 474 611 101 228 1,634 66 22,914
60 8,299 5,146 1,197 407 918 104 183 189 660
597		 111 24,620
61 7,340 5,570 1,464 726 496 219 710 77 165 24,366
62 8,233 7,834 1,621 419 847 432 2,170 170 374 427 193 31,719
63 12,704 7,548 3,548 1,081 672 144 564 723 1,168 619 422 713
662		 222 41,271
64 6,590 4,804 2,192 947 430 1,011 65 180 515 482 193 25,559
65 6,058 3,479 2,194 1,161 350 142 265 110 97 83 1,395
1,016
628
290		 149 25,872
66 6,844 4,713 2,485 3,571 546 643 236 178 1,412 250 31,774
67 9,268 8,295 3,139 941 890 283 491 331 255 699
426		 103 34,193
68 10,614 6,661 1,731 1,539 939 492 130 30,702
69 6,190 7,477 1,797 670 561 657 3339
628		 128 29,229
70 7,672 6,687 1,281 366 461 765 146 136 5,553 97 30,899
71 9,241 5,166 2,127 4,392 730 272 73 68 1009
166
94		 79 31,863
72 9,486 5,753 2,436 264 467 177 330 49 83 356 501
250		 107 28,089
73 9,577 4,132 2,014 478 1,351 306 48 191 92 70 126 25,862
74 8,106 5,659 3,455 701 390 2,545 507 80 734 283 174 33,299
75 9,673 6,277 7,360 527 928 188 79 258 800 213 36,895
76 12,190 7,883 2,844 633 328 323 198 34,728
Total 636,138 467,191 112,850 35,394 23,118 12,264 11,826 6,568 5,308 4,229 3,283 2,794 2,055 1,804 432 84,609 10,943 1,911,047

References

  1. ^ Government and politics Embassy of Mongolia to the United States of America
  2. ^ "Mongolian opposition wins landslide, voters fed up with hard times". Reuters. 30 June 2016. Archived from the original on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016.
  3. ^ a b c d Mongolia's new election rules handicap smaller parties, clear way for two-horse race Reuters, 20 May 2016
  4. ^ Electoral system IPU
  5. ^ "Ulsiin Ih Hural (June 2012) | Election results | Mongolia". IPU Parline. Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  6. ^ Э., Лхамзаяа (2016-05-04). "Г.Уянга гишүүний намд УИХ-ын гишүүн Л.Цог нэгджээ". ikon.mn (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  7. ^ А., Төгөлдөр (2016-05-06). ""Шударга ёс" бүлэг тарснаар Засаг задрах уу". ikon.mn (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  8. ^ a b "УИХ-ын 2016 оны сонгуульд оролцох хүсэлтээ 13 нам, 3 эвсэл ирүүллээ". General Election Commission of Mongolia (in Mongolian). 2016-04-30. Retrieved 2025-07-23.
  9. ^ "Монгол Улсын Их Хурлын 2016 оны сонгуульд оролцохоор хүсэлтээ гаргасан нам, эвслийг бүртгэх тухай шийдвэр гаргалаа". General Election Commission of Mongolia (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  10. ^ А., Ням-Өлзий (2016-06-07). "СЕХ-ноос УИХ-д нэр дэвших 498 хүнийг танилцууллаа". ikon.mn (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  11. ^ Б., Манлай (2016-06-09). "НИТХ-ын сонгуульд ИЗНН-ын 14 нэр дэвшигчийг нэмж бүртгэжээ". ikon.mn (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  12. ^ GEC presented the credentials to 498 candidates for the State Great Hural election 2016 Central Elections Committee
  13. ^ "Монгол Улсын Их Хурлын 2016 оны ээлжит сонгуульд бие даан нэр дэвшигчдийг танилцуулж байна". General Election Commission of Mongolia (in Mongolian). 2016-06-05. Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  14. ^ "СОНГУУЛЬ 2016: УИХ-д нэр дэвшигчид". ikon.mn (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  15. ^ "Тандалт судалгаа: 2016 оны сонгуулиар сонгогчид аль намыг дэмжих вэ?". trends.mn (in Mongolian). MEC LLC. 2016-03-23. Retrieved 2025-09-30.
  16. ^ Dierkes, Julian (2016-04-10). "Politbarometer April 2016". Mongolia Focus. Retrieved 2025-09-30.
  17. ^ Edwards, Terrance (2016-06-30). "Mongolian opposition wins landslide, voters fed up with hard times". Reuters.
  18. ^ "MPP returns to power in Mongolia". Deutsche Welle. 2016-06-30. Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  19. ^ "Монгол улсын их хурлын сонгуулийн дүн" [Mongolian State Great Khural election results] (PDF), General Election Commission of Mongolia (in Mongolian), Ulaanbaatar, p. 346–400, 2022
allikas: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Mongolian_legislative_election