Hans the Younger, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg
Hans the Younger (also John the Younger, Danish: Hans den Yngre; German: Johann der Jüngere; 25 March 1545 – 9 October 1622) was the duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg.[1]
Biography
Hans was born on 25 March 1545 at Koldinghus Castle in Jutland, Denmark as the fourth child and third son of King Christian III of Denmark and Norway and his wife, Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg.[2][3] When Christian III died in 1559, he left three sons. Where the eldest, Frederick II, had long ago been appointed successor to the thrones of Denmark and Norway, all three brothers were in principle equally entitled to the father's share of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein. To avoid unfortunate divisions of the royal part of the duchies, attempts were made to find suitable positions for the younger brothers elsewhere. The middle brother, Magnus, consequently, gave up his right of inheritance when Frederick II had him placed as prince-bishop of Ösel-Wiek in Livonia.
However, the plan to secure Hans the post of the prince-archbishop's successor in the Archdiocese of Bremen failed due to strong competition from North German princes. Other options abroad were thwarted because Denmark needed the support of the North German princes against Sweden in the Nordic Seven Years' War, and the king could not act as a competitor in acquiring lucrative offices and benefices for his brother. Consequently, Frederick had to agree to share his father's share of the duchies with his youngest brother, and allotted him a portion of the duchies with Sonderburg (today Danish Sønderborg) as his ducal seat.[4]
He acted actively in the Danish government, for example supporting his sister-in-law, the Queen, when his nephew, Christian IV of Denmark, was underage. There were plans for him to marry the Dowager Queen in 1588 or 1589, repudiating his second, young wife. Hans died in Glücksburg.[citation needed]
Marriages and children
Hans married twice. Firstly, he married in Kolding on August 19, 1568 Elisabeth of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (20 March 1550 Salzderhelden – 11 February 1586 Østerholm), daughter of Ernest III, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen and Princess Margarethe of Pommerania-Wolgast (1518–1569). They had 14 children:
- Dorothea (9 October 1569 Kolding – 5 July 1593 Legnica), married on 23 November 1589 to Frederick IV, Duke of Legnica.
- Christian (24 October 1570 – 4 June 1633), Duke of Ærø
- Ernest (17 January 1572 – 26 October 1596)
- Alexander (20 January 1573 – 13 May 1627), Duke of Sonderburg
- August (26 July 1574 – 26 October 1596)
- Marie, Abbess of Itzehoe (22 August 1575 – 6 December 1640)
- John Adolph (17 September 1576 – 21 February 1624), Duke of Norburg
- Anna (7 October 1577 – 30 January 1616), married on 31 May 1601 to Bogislaw XIII, Duke of Pomerania.[5]
- Sophia (30 May 1579 – 3 June 1658, in Treptow an der Rega, her dower), married on 8 March 1607 to Philip II, Duke of Pomerania-Stettin[6]
- Elisabeth (24 September 1580 – 21 December 1653), married on 19 February 1615 to Bogislaw XIV, Duke of Pomerania (son of her sister Anna's husband, Bogislaw XIII).[5]
- Frederick (26 October 1581 – 22 July 1658), Duke of Norburg; married on 1 August 1627 to Juliana, daughter of Francis II, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg.
- Margaret (24 February 1583 – 20 April 1658), married on 27 August 1603 to John VII, Count of Nassau-Siegen.
- Philip (15 March 1584 – 27 September 1663), Duke of Ærø
- Albrecht (16 April 1585 – 30 April 1613)
Secondly, he married on 14 February 1588 Princess Agnes Hedwig of Anhalt (12 March 1573 Dessau – 3 November 1616 Sønderborg), and they had nine children:
- Eleonore (4 April 1590 – 13 April 1669)
- Anna Sabine (7 March 1593 – 18 July 1659), married on 1 January 1618 to Julius Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Weiltingen.
- Johann Georg (9 February 1594 – 25 January 1613)
- Joachim Ernest (29 August 1595 – 5 October 1671), Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön
- Dorothea Sibylle (13 July 1597 – 21 August 1597)
- Dorothea Marie (23 July 1599 – 27 March 1600)
- Bernhard (12 April 1601 – 26 April 1601)
- Agnes Magdalene (17 November 1602 – 17 May 1607)
- Eleonore Sophie (24 February 1603 – 5 January 1675), married on 28 February 1625 to Christian II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg.
See also
References
Citations
- ^ "Hans den Yngre af Slesvig-Holsten-Sønderborg". hansdenyngre.dk. Retrieved September 1, 2019.
- ^ Schwarz 1974, p. 534.
- ^ Bruun 1936, p. 83.
- ^ Schultz Hansen, Henningsen & Rasmussen 2008, pp. 192–93.
- ^ a b Jensen 1979, p. 249–261.
- ^ N.N., "VII. Sophie von Schleswig-Holstein, Witwe Herzog Philipps II. von Pommern, auf dem Schlosse in Treptow an der Rega", in: Baltische Studien (1832 to date), vol. 1, Gesellschaft für Pommersche Geschichte und Alterthumskunde and Historische Kommission für Pommern (eds.), vol. 1: Stettin: Friedrich Heinrich Morin, 1832, pp. 247–258, here p. 259.
Bibliography
- Bruun, Henry (1936). "Hans (den Yngre), Hertug af Slesvig-Holsten-Sønderborg" (PDF). In Engelstoft, Povl; Dahl, Svend (eds.). Dansk Biografisk Leksikon (in Danish). Vol. 9 (2nd ed.). Copenhagen: J.H. Schultz Forlag. pp. 83–86.
- Hasse, Paul (1881). . Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German). Vol. 14. Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot. pp. 409–412.
- Hermansen, Karsten (2006). Kongeblod og fyrstedrømme. Portræt af Hertug Hans den Yngre (in Danish). Ærøskøbing: Ærø Museum. ISBN 8790228405.
- Jensen, Jørgen Steen (1971). Hertug Hans den Yngre. En biografi. Katalog over mønter og fortegnelse over møntfund (in Danish). Historisk Samfund for Als og Sundeved / Numismatisk Forening for Nord- og Sydslesvig. ISBN 8798020218.
- Jensen, Jørgen Steen (1979). Książę Jan Młodszy ze Szlezwika-Holsztynu-Sonderborga jako teść książąt pomorskich: Bogusława XIII, Bogusława XIV oraz Filipa II. Materiały Zachodniopomorskie (in Polish). Szczecin: National Museum in Szczecin. pp. 249–261.
- Jørgensen, Adolf Ditlev (1892). "Hans (den yngre), Hertug af Sønderborg". In Bricka, Carl Frederik (ed.). Dansk Biografisk Lexikon, tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814 (in Danish). Vol. VI (1st ed.). Copenhagen: Gyldendal. pp. 572–574.
- Porskrog Rasmussen, Carsten (1980). "Hans den Yngre". In Cedergreen Bech, Svend (ed.). Dansk Biografisk Leksikon (in Danish). Vol. 5 (3rd ed.). Copenhagen: Gyldendal.
- Schultz Hansen, Hans; Henningsen, Lars N; Rasmussen, Carsten Porskrog (2008). Sønderjylland historie (in Danish). Aabenraa: Historisk samfund for Sønderjylland. ISBN 978-87-7406-109-0. OCLC 435374432.
- Schwarz, Hans Wilhelm (1974). "Johann der Jüngere". Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German). Vol. 10. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot. pp. 534–535. (.html full text online).
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