Irish Church Act 1869

Irish Church Act 1869[1]
Act of Parliament
coat of arms
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Long titleAn Act to put an end to the Establishment of the Church of Ireland, and to make provision in respect of the Temporalities thereof, and in respect of the Royal College of Maynooth.
Citation32 & 33 Vict. c. 42
Territorial extent United Kingdom
Dates
Royal assent26 July 1869
Commencement1 January 1871
Other legislation
AmendsPlaces of Worship Registration Act 1855
Relates toWelsh Church Act 1914
Status: Current legislation
Text of statute as originally enacted

The Irish Church Act 1869 (32 & 33 Vict. c. 42) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which separated the Church of Ireland from the Church of England and disestablished the former, a body that commanded the adherence of a small minority of the population of Ireland (especially outside of Ulster). The act was passed during the first ministry of William Ewart Gladstone and came into force on 1 January 1871. It was strongly opposed by Conservatives in both houses of Parliament.[2]

The act meant the Church of Ireland was no longer entitled to collect tithes from the people of Ireland. It also ceased to send representative bishops as Lords Spiritual to the House of Lords in Westminster. Existing clergy of the church received a life annuity in lieu of the revenues to which they were no longer entitled: tithes, rentcharge, ministers' money, stipends and augmentations, and certain marriage and burial fees.[3]

The passage of the bill through Parliament caused acrimony between the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Queen Victoria personally intervened to mediate. While the Lords extorted from the Commons more compensation to alleviate the disestablished churchmen, in the end, the will of the Commons prevailed.[4]

The Irish Church Act was a key move in dismantling the Protestant Ascendancy which had dominated Ireland for the prior century.

Development of the Salisbury Convention

The modern Salisbury Convention, which holds that the House of Lords should not block bills from the House of Commons in which the government has an election mandate, existed in earlier forms through doctrines developed by the third Marquess of Salisbury over his political career.[5] The question of the establishment of the Church of Ireland was an early case in which the House of Lords refused passage of a bill on the basis that the Commons lacked an election mandate on the issue. In the previous parliament, a bill placing restrictions upon the Church of Ireland failed in the House of Lords, with many Lords arguing that the question should first be put before the public in an election campaign before passage. The Irish Church was a major question of the 1868 election, and following the majority victory of the Liberal Party (which favoured disestablishment) the House of Lords did not block the Irish Church Act of 1869.[6]

See also

Sources

Primary

References

  1. ^ This short title was conferred on this Act by section 1 of this Act.
  2. ^ Christopher F. McCormack, "The Irish Church Disestablishment Act (1869) and the general synod of the Church of Ireland (1871)" History of Education 47.3 (2018): 303-320.
  3. ^ Bernard, William Leigh (1871). Decisions Under the Irish Church Act, 1869, 32 & 33 Victoria, Cap. 42, and Details of the Annuities Ordered and Declared by the Commissioners of Church Temporalities in Ireland, with an Index. A. Thom. p. 58. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  4. ^ McKechnie, The reform of the House of Lords p.49
  5. ^ Dymond, Glenn; Deadman, Hugo (30 June 2006). "The Salisbury Convention" (PDF). parliament.uk. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 April 2025. Retrieved 13 January 2026.
  6. ^ Dymond, Glenn; Deadman, Hugo (30 June 2006). "The Salisbury Doctrine" (PDF). parliament.uk. p. 4-5. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 April 2025. Retrieved 13 January 2026.

Further reading

  • Fair, John D. "The Irish disestablishment conference of 1869." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 26.4 (1975): 379-394.
  • MacCarthy, Robert Ancient and Modern: a short history of the Church of Ireland. Four Courts Press Ltd., 1995
  • McCormack, Christopher F. "The Irish Church Disestablishment Act (1869) and the general synod of the Church of Ireland (1871): the art and structure of educational reform." History of Education 47.3 (2018): 303-320.
  • McDowell, Robert Brendan. The Church of Ireland 1869-1969 (Routledge, 2017_.
  • Todd, Charles Hawkes. The Irish Church Act (1869): With Observations. Hodges, Foster & Co. Dublin. 1869. Google Books.
  • Lee, Alfred Theophilus. The Irish Church Act. A Popular Account of "The Irish Church Act, 1869," 32 & 33 Victoria, c. 42. P S King. London. Hodges, Foster & Co. Dublin. 1869. Google Books
  • Bernard William Leigh. The Irish Church Acts, 1869 & 1872: And Various Statutes Connected Therewith. Hodges, Foster & Co. Dublin. 1869. Google Books.
  • Bernard, William Leigh. Decisions under the Irish Church Act, 1869, 32 & 33 Victoria, Cap. 42, and Details of the Annuities Ordered and Declared by the Commissioners of Church Temporalities in Ireland, with an Index. Alexander Thom. Hodges, Foster & Co. Dublin. Simpkin, Marshall & Co. London. 1869. Google Books.
  • Jellett, Morgan Woodward. The Irish Church Act. The Compensation and Commutation Clauses Considered; with which are Combined Opinions of Sir Roundell Palmer M.P., D.C.L., and References to the Rules and Orders of the Commissioners. Second Edition. Hodges, Foster & Co. Dublin. 1869. Google Books.
  • "Irish Church Act, 1869". eISB.
  • "Irish Church Act 1869". The Statutes Revised, Northern Ireland. HMSO. 1982. Volume 2. Page 649. Google Books.
  • Chronological Table of and Index to the Statutes. Eleventh Edition. 1890. p 347.
allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disestablishment_of_the_Church_of_Ireland