Large-eye conger

Large-eye conger
Large-eye Conger sketch
Large-eye Conger
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Anguilliformes
Family: Congridae
Genus: Ariosoma
Species:
A. marginatum
Binomial name
Ariosoma marginatum
(Vaillant & Sauvage, 1875)
Synonyms[2]
  • Congrogadus marginatus Vaillant & Sauvage, 1875
  • Congrellus bowersi Jenkins, 1903
  • Ariosoma bowersi (Jenkins, 1903)

The large-eye conger[3] (Ariosoma marginatum) is an eel in the family Congridae (conger/garden eels).[4] This fish also goes by the name puhi.[5] Ariosoma marginatum and other conger eels are also called White Eels in the Hawaiian Islands.[6] It was described by Léon Vaillant and Henri Émile Sauvage in 1875, originally under the genus Congrogadus.[7] It is a tropical, marine eel which is known from the northwestern and eastern central Pacific Ocean, including Hawaii and the Ladd Seamount.

Description

Ariosoma marginatum typically ranges from very pale brown to pale brown in color dorsally, and white ventrally.[8] It's anal, caudal, and dorsal fin are defined by a narrow black border.[8] The species name, marginatum denotes the blackish margin along the dorsal and anal fins.[9] Males generally reach a maximum total length of 38 centimetres (15 in), though particularly large males will reach 16 in.[10] They have large eyes, roughly equal in length to the snout.[6] Its eyes are encased in a layer of heavy transparent flesh.[10] As with other congrid eels in the genus Ariosoma, the large-eye conger is one of the primary food sources of the Hawaiian monk seal.[11]

Distribution & Habitat

Ariosoma marginatum is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands and Johnston Atoll.[5] The large-eye conger is commonly found in some shallow-water, sandy areas.[10] While the large-eye conger is mainly active at night, swimming in open water, it spends its days hiding under the sand, with only its head visible; if approached, it quickly retreats headfirst beneath the surface.[9] Ariosoma marginatum inhabits the shallows up to a depth of 490 metres (1600 ft), and leads a benthic, nocturnal, sand-dwelling lifestyle.[6]

Human Use

Ariosoma marginatum has been used as a food item by inhabitants of Hawaii, and sold in markets there.[8]

References

  1. ^ McCosker, J.; Tighe, K.; Smith, D.G. (2019). "Ariosoma marginatum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T199133A2562488. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T199133A2562488.en. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
  2. ^ Synonyms of Ariosoma marginatum at www.fishbase.org.
  3. ^ Common names for Ariosoma marginatum at www.fishbase.org.
  4. ^ Ariosoma marginatum at www.fishbase.org.
  5. ^ a b Mundy, Bruce (2005). Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago
  6. ^ a b c Randall, John Ernest (2010). Shore fishes of Hawaiʿi. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʿi press. ISBN 978-0-8248-3427-2.
  7. ^ Vaillant, L. L. and H.-E. Sauvage, 1875 [ref. 17853] Note sur quelques espèces nouvelles de poissons des îles Sandwich. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie (Ser. 3) v. 3: 278-287.
  8. ^ a b c Jenkins, Oliver Peebles, 1850-. Report On Collections of Fishes Made In the Hawaiian Islands, With Descriptions of New Species. Washington: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1903.
  9. ^ a b Hoover, John (October 31, 2010). The Ultimate Guide to Hawaiian Reef Fishes: Sea Turtles, Dolphins, Whales, and Seals. Mutual Publishing. ISBN 978-1566478878.
  10. ^ a b c Gosline, William A.; Brock, Vernon E. (2021-05-25). Handbook of Hawaiian Fishes. University of Hawaii Press. doi:10.1515/9780824885090/html. ISBN 978-0-8248-8509-0.
  11. ^ University of Hawaii. (1947). Pacific science (Vol. 13, Issue 3, p. 250). University Press of Hawaii. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54357188


allikas: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariosoma_marginatum