List of conductors

List of principal conductors of Berlin Philharmonic
No. Term Portrait Name[1][2][3]
(Birth–Death) 		Note(s) Ref.
1 1882–1887 — Ludwig von Brenner
(1833–1902) 		Brenner was the first principal conductor of the orchestra. He was referred to as the "artistic director", and it was during his term that the group assumed the name: Philharmonic Orchestra. [4]
2 1887–1892 Portrait of Hans von Bulow Hans von Bülow
(1830–1894) 		Bülow served as the principal conductor for five years, during which the standard of performances were raised and many famous composers, including Johannes Brahms and Edvard Grieg were invited to work with the orchestra. [5]
3 1894–1895 Portrait of Richard Strauss Richard Strauss
(1864–1949) 		In early 1894, Strauss received and accepted an offer to serve as the "artistic director" of the orchestra. According to one of the concert agent Hermann Wolff, however, "[Strauss]'s concerts did not 'spark' " as he had hoped. Strauss left the orchestra an year later. [6]
4 1895–1922 Portrait of Arthur Nikisch Arthur Nikisch
(1855–1922) 		Nikisch was a Hungarian conducting, who served as the principal conductor for 27 years. During his tenure, he conducted the works of famous composers, including Gustav Mahler and Jean Sibelius. In 1913, he recorded Beethoven's fifth Symphony, the first complete recording made by the orchestra. [5][7]
5 1922–1945 Portrait of Wilhelm Furtwängler Wilhelm Furtwängler
(1886–1954) 		Furtwängler became the principal conductor upon the death of his predecessor Arthur Nikisch. His term was marked by the Nazification of Germany and subsequent controlled "coordination" of music and art in Germany. In 1934, after the government forbade the premier of Mathis der Maler, Furtwängler resigned as the principle conductor. He joined again an year later; although he led the orchestra, he did not officially regained his position of principal conductor until 1952. In 1945, Furtwängler was banned by the Nazi government from working. [8][9]
6 1945 — Leo Borchard
(1899–1945)
7 1945–1952 Portrait of Sergiu Celibidache Sergiu Celibidache
(1912–1996)
8 1952–1954 Portrait of Wilhelm Furtwängler Wilhelm Furtwängler
(1886–1954)
9 1954–1989 Portrait of Herbert von Karajan Herbert von Karajan
(1908–1989)
10 1989–2002 Portrait of Herbert von Karajan Claudio Abbado
(1933–2014)
11 2002–2018 Portrait of Sir Simon Rattle Sir Simon Rattle
b. 1955
12 2019–present Portrait of Kirill Petrenko Kirill Petrenko
b. 1972

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^ Mahler Foundation.
  2. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica.
  3. ^ BPO.
  4. ^ Kleinert, p. 143.
  5. ^ a b BBC Music Magazine.
  6. ^ BPO II.
  7. ^ Service.
  8. ^ Furtwängler.
  9. ^ BPO III.

Works cited

Allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Kavyansh.Singh/sandbox7
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