See also: Omdurman and Khartoum North

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Khartoum, Sudan.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prehistoric times

  • circa 5000 BCE, first documented skull, human bones and tools found in 1945[1][2]

19th century

Part of a series on the
History of Sudan
Pyramids at Meroë
Before 1956
Prehistory before c. 25th cent. BC
Kerma culture c. 25th cent. BC
 – 16th cent. BC
New Kingdom of Egypt 16th cent. BC
 – 9th cent. BC
Kingdom of Kush 9th cent. BC
 – 4th cent. AD
Christian Nubian Kingdoms 6th cent. – 15th cent.
Islamization c. 9th cent. – 19th cent.
Turco-Egyptian Sudan 1820–1885
Mahdist State 1885–1899
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan 1899–1956
Since 1955
First Civil War 1955–1972
Republic of Sudan
1956–1969
Democratic Republic
1969–1985
Second Civil War 1983–2005
Republic of Sudan
1986–2019
Republic of Sudan
2019–present
By region
By topic
Timeline
  • 1821 – Settlement established by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt.
  • 1824 – "Egyptian governor Uthman Bey establishes Khartoum as a military centre."[3]
  • 1826 – Ali Khurshid Pasha in power.[3][4]
  • 1829 – Mosque built.[4]
  • 1830 – Town becomes capital of "the Sudanese possessions of Egypt."[5]
  • 1838 – Disease outbreak; capital relocated temporarily to Shendi.[6]
  • 1840 – Flood.[6]
  • 1841 – Flood.[6]
  • 1854 – Muhammad Sa'id Pasha in power.[4]
  • 1856 – Disease outbreak; capital relocated temporarily to Shendi.[6]
  • 1862 – Chamber of Commerce established.[4]
  • 1866 – Consulates of Austria, France, Italy, Persia, and Tuscany established.[4]
  • 1869 – Flood.[7]
  • 1874 – Flood.[7]
  • 1878 – Flood.[6]
  • 1884 – 13 March: Siege of Khartoum begins.
  • 1885
  • 1898
    • 2 September: Conflict between Mahdist and British forces.
    • Seat of government relocates to Khartoum from Omdurman.[5]
  • 1899

20th century

Aerial view of Khartoum, 1936

21st century

Aerial view of the cities of Omdurman (top left), Khartoum (lower half), and Bahri (top right), 2005

2000s

2010s

  • 2010 – Population: 4,516,000 (urban agglomeration).[21]
  • 2012
    • June: Economic protest.[26]
    • October: al-Yarmook armament factory bombed.[27]

See also

References

  1. ^ Arkell, A. J. (1945). "The Excavation of an Ancient Site at Khartoum". Sudan Notes and Records. 26 (2): 329–331. ISSN 0375-2984. JSTOR 41716489.
  2. ^ Addison, F. (September 1950). "Early Khartoum. An account of the excavation of an early occupation site carried out by the Sudan Government Antiquities Service in 1944–5. By A. J. Arkell". Antiquity (Review). 24 (95): 151–154. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00023176. ISSN 0003-598X.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Abdel Salam Sidahmed; Alsir Sidahmed (2004). "Chronology". Sudan. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-47947-4.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Robert S. Kramer; et al. (2013). "Khartoum". Historical Dictionary of the Sudan (4th ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. p. 247+. ISBN 978-0-8108-6180-0.
  5. ^ a b c d e Britannica 1910.
  6. ^ a b c d e Davies 1994.
  7. ^ a b c d e Walsh 1994.
  8. ^ Sudan Gazette. WorldCat. OCLC 503943049.
  9. ^ "Henry Wellcome's tropical medicine laboratories". London: Wellcome Trust. 2008. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  10. ^ a b c d e Eltayeb 2003.
  11. ^ Heather J. Sharkey (2003), Living with Colonialism: Nationalism and Culture in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0-520-23558-8
  12. ^ "International Coalition on Newspapers". Chicago, US: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  13. ^ Baedeker 1914.
  14. ^ a b c d Stanley 2008.
  15. ^ E. N. Corbyn (1944). "The Kitchener School of Medicine at Khartoum, Sudan". Journal of the Royal African Society. 43 (171): 66–68. JSTOR 717807.
  16. ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966.
  17. ^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975 (PDF). New York: United Nations. 1976. pp. 253–279.
  18. ^ ArchNet. "Khartoum". MIT School of Architecture and Planning. Archived from the original on 7 October 2012.
  19. ^ "Sudan: A Historical Perspective". Georgia, US: Sudan.Net. Archived from the original on 28 January 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  20. ^ a b "Khartoum". Islamic Cultural Heritage Database. Istanbul: Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture. Archived from the original on 15 April 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
  21. ^ a b c d e f The State of African Cities 2014. United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 10 September 2015. ISBN 978-92-1-132598-0. Archived from the original on 10 September 2014.
  22. ^ Barry M. Rubin (2010). Guide to Islamist Movements. M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 978-0-7656-4138-0.
  23. ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1995 Demographic Yearbook (PDF). New York: United Nations. 1997. pp. 262–321.
  24. ^ Regional Integration in Africa. OECD and African Development Bank. 2002.
  25. ^ a b Karen Fung, African Studies Association (ed.). "Sudan Newspapers". Africa South of the Sahara: Selected Internet Resources. Retrieved 28 January 2013 – via Stanford University, US.
  26. ^ "Sudan Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 9 July 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
  27. ^ Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2013). "Sudan". Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012. Vol. 9. Koninklijke Brill. p. 398+. ISBN 978-90-04-25600-2.

Bibliography

Published in 20th century
Published in 21st century

15°38′00″N 32°32′00″E / 15.633333°N 32.533333°E / 15.633333; 32.533333

Allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Khartoum
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