Identifier: newenglandhumani00john Title: New England; a human interest geographical reader Year: 1917 (1910s) Authors: Johnson, Clifton, 1865-1940 Subjects: New England -- Description and travel New England -- History Publisher: New York, The Macmillan Company London, Macmillan and Co., limited Contributing Library: New York Public Library Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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Text Appearing Before Image: tumn of 1633 Plymouth sent alittle vessel under the command of William Holmesto the river. In the hold of the vessel was the frameM 161 l62 New England of a small trading-house and boards to cover andfinish it. When the vessel had sailed up the stream asfar as Hartford the crew were surprised to find that theDutch had built a rude earthwork there and equippedit with two cannon. As they approached this portthe drumbeats resounded from it, and the cannoneersstood with lighted niatches beside the two guns under the banner of _^ the Nether- lands. The Dutchthreateninglydemanded thatHolmes shouldstop or thegunners wouldfire. But theydid not fire, inspite of his re-fusal to com-ply. He wenton up to Wind-sor and there erected the trading-house. A garri-son was left in it, and the vessel returned toPlymouth. By 1635 settlements had been started at bothWindsor and Wethersfield, and late that year oneparty of sixty men, women, and children from thevicinity of Boston marched overland by compass,

Text Appearing After Image: The Wethersfield elm, twenty-seven feet incircumference, the biggest in New England Connecticut Beginnings 163 driving their cattle and swine before them. Theywere overtaken by winter while still on the way.When they arrived at the river they built rafts andcrossed to where Hartford now is, but were obliged toleave some of their cattle to subsist without hay onthe east side. Navigation on the stream was com-pletely blocked by ice before the middle of November,and the vessels which were to have brought the set-tlers household goods and provisions were abandonedor sailed back. About this time Lieutenant Lion Gardiner withthirty men took possession of the rivers mouth. Theytore down the Dutch arms which they found therefastened to a tree, and named the spot PointSaybrook. Then they built a wooden fort and somehouses, and set up a palisade twelve feet high acrossthe neck of the peninsula. Gardiners young wifecame from Boston to dwell in one of the houses amidthe drifting snow before the p

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