CE Antliae (also called TWA 7) is a young low-mass star in the constellation of Antlia. It is surrounded by a debris disk and has one directly imaged planet candidate.[9]

A light curve for CE Antliae, plotted from TESS data.[10] The star's rotation period is marked in red.

TWA 7 was discovered in 1999 with a spectral type of M1 and as a member of the TW Hydrae association.[3] The detection of molecular hydrogen is interpreted as a weak sign of accretion of gas near the star.[11] A giant x-ray flare was detected on 2010-09-07 with MAXI/GSC on the ISS.[5]

Planetary system

The disk was first imaged in scattered light in 1998 with Hubble NICMOS, but it needed a re-processing in 2016 to reveal the disk. The observation showed a pole-on dust ring with a radius of about 35 astronomical units.[12] An outer ring and a spiral arm originating from the main ring was tentatively detected with VLT/SPHERE in 2018. The modelling also showed evidence of an inner ring.[13] An additional observation with Hubble STIS showed three rings, two spirals and a clump.[14] In 2000 dust was detected around TWA 7 due to excess submillimeter radiation.[15] ALMA observations did however show that most emission come from a background galaxy. The disk was also detected with ALMA.[16] The disk has detected carbon monoxide (CO) gas from ALMA observations, which is likely generated by exocomets. It was the first detection of CO gas in a debris disk around an M-dwarf. This kind of detection is more common around more massive stars.[17]

In 2025 JWST MIRI observations showed a point source that could be a young sub-jovian planet with a mass of 0.3 MJ (about 100 ME) and a temperature of around 320 Kelvin. The candidate can explain the main ring of the debris disk. It also does not fit the spectrum of a background star or galaxy. If confirmed, it would be the least massive directly imaged exoplanet.[9] The candidate is located in an underdensity in ring 2 that was noticed before. Opposite to the planet candidate is another underdensity, which could be created by orbital resonance. The mass of the candidate was previously predicted to be 2 Neptune masses (about 34 ME) before it was detected.[14][9]

The CE Antlae planetary system[14][9]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(years) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
Ring 1 24.49±0.04 AU — —
CC#1 (candidate) 0.3 MJ 52 550 — — —
Ring 2 52.38±0.12 AU — —
Ring 3 101+2
−3 AU 		— —

See also

Other M dwarfs with debris disks

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. ^ Høg, E.; Fabricius, C.; Makarov, V. V.; Urban, S.; Corbin, T.; Wycoff, G.; Bastian, U.; Schwekendiek, P.; Wicenec, A. (2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H.
  3. ^ a b c Webb, R. A.; Zuckerman, B.; Platais, I.; Patience, J.; White, R. J.; Schwartz, M. J.; McCarthy, C. (1999-02-01). "Discovery of Seven T Tauri Stars and a Brown Dwarf Candidatein the Nearby TW Hydrae Association". The Astrophysical Journal. 512 (1): L63 – L67. arXiv:astro-ph/9812189. Bibcode:1999ApJ...512L..63W. doi:10.1086/311856. ISSN 0004-637X.
  4. ^ a b c Yamashita, Mai; Itoh, Yoichi; Takagi, Yuhei (November 2024). "Chromospheric Mg I emission lines of pre-main-sequence stars". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 691: A304. arXiv:2410.03087. Bibcode:2024A&A...691A.304Y. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202452025. ISSN 0004-6361.
  5. ^ a b Uzawa, Akiko; Tsuboi, Yohko; Morii, Mikio; Yamazaki, Kyohei; Kawai, Nobuyuki; Matsuoka, Masaru; Nakahira, Satoshi; Serino, Motoko; Matsumura, Takanori; Mihara, Tatehiro; Tomida, Hiroshi; Ueda, Yoshihiro; Sugizaki, Mutsumi; Ueno, Shiro; Daikyuji, Arata (2011-11-25). "A Large X-Ray Flare from a Single Weak-Lined T Tauri Star TWA-7 Detected with MAXI GSC". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (sp3): S713 – S716. arXiv:1108.5897. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63S.713U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.sp3.S713. ISSN 0004-6264.
  6. ^ Bell, Cameron P. M.; Mamajek, Eric E.; Naylor, Tim (2015). "A self-consistent, absolute isochronal age scale for young moving groups in the solar neighbourhood". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 454 (1): 593. arXiv:1508.05955. Bibcode:2015MNRAS.454..593B. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1981.
  7. ^ a b c d e Stassun, Keivan G.; Oelkers, Ryan J.; Paegert, Martin; Torres, Guillermo; Pepper, Joshua; Lee, Nathan De; Collins, Kevin; Latham, David W.; Muirhead, Philip S.; Chittidi, Jay; Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara; Fleming, Scott W.; Rose, Mark E.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Ting, Eric B. (2019-09-09). "The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (4): 138. arXiv:1905.10694. Bibcode:2019AJ....158..138S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3467. ISSN 0004-6256.
  8. ^ Binks, A. S.; Jeffries, R. D.; Wright, N. J. (2020). "A kinematically hot population of young stars in the solar neighbourhood". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 494 (2): 2429. arXiv:2003.13369. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.494.2429B. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa909.
  9. ^ a b c d Lagrange, A.-M.; Wilkinson, C.; Mâlin, M.; Boccaletti, A.; Perrot, C.; Matrà, L.; Combes, F.; Rouan, D.; Beust, H. (2025-02-20). "Evidence for a sub-jovian planet in the young TWA7 disk". arXiv:2502.15081 [astro-ph].
  10. ^ "MAST: Barbara A. Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes". Space Telescope Science Institute. Retrieved 24 February 2025.
  11. ^ Flagg, Laura; Johns-Krull, Christopher M.; France, Kevin; Herczeg, Gregory; Najita, Joan; Carpenter, John M.; Kenyon, Scott J. (2021-11-01). "Detection of H2 in the TWA 7 System: A Probable Circumstellar Origin". The Astrophysical Journal. 921 (1): 86. arXiv:2108.08327. Bibcode:2021ApJ...921...86F. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac1d4c. ISSN 0004-637X.
  12. ^ Choquet, Élodie; Perrin, Marshall D.; Chen, Christine H.; Soummer, Rémi; Pueyo, Laurent; Hagan, James B.; Gofas-Salas, Elena; Rajan, Abhijith; Golimowski, David A.; Hines, Dean C.; Schneider, Glenn; Mazoyer, Johan; Augereau, Jean-Charles; Debes, John; Stark, Christopher C.; Wolff, Schuyler; n'Diaye, Mamadou; Hsiao, Kevin (2016). "First Images of Debris Disks around TWA 7, TWA 25, HD 35650, and HD 377". The Astrophysical Journal. 817 (1): L2. arXiv:1512.02220. Bibcode:2016ApJ...817L...2C. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/817/1/L2.`
  13. ^ Olofsson, J.; van Holstein, R. G.; Boccaletti, A.; Janson, M.; Thébault, P.; Gratton, R.; Lazzoni, C.; Kral, Q.; Bayo, A.; Canovas, H.; Caceres, C.; Ginski, C.; Pinte, C.; Asensio-Torres, R.; Chauvin, G. (September 2018). "Resolving faint structures in the debris disk around TWA 7". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 617: A109. arXiv:1804.01929. Bibcode:2018A&A...617A.109O. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201832583. ISSN 0004-6361.
  14. ^ a b c Ren 任, Bin 彬; Choquet, Élodie; Perrin, Marshall D.; Mawet, Dimitri; Chen, Christine H.; Milli, Julien; Debes, John H.; Rebollido, Isabel; Stark, Christopher C.; Hagan, J. Brendan; Hines, Dean C.; Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.; Pueyo, Laurent; Roberge, Aki; Schneider, Glenn (2021-06-01). "A Layered Debris Disk around M Star TWA 7 in Scattered Light". The Astrophysical Journal. 914 (2): 95. arXiv:2105.09949. Bibcode:2021ApJ...914...95R. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac03b9. ISSN 0004-637X.
  15. ^ Webb, R. A.; Zuckerman, B.; Greaves, J. S.; Holland, W. S. (December 2000). "Large, cold dust grains orbiting stars in the TW Hydrae Association". American Astronomical Society, 197th AAS Meeting, Id.08.27. 32: 1410. Bibcode:2000AAS...197.0827W.
  16. ^ Bayo, A; Olofsson, J; Matrà, L; Beamín, J C; Gallardo, J; de Gregorio-Monsalvo, I; Booth, M; Zamora, C; Iglesias, D; Henning, Th; Schreiber, M R; Cáceres, C (July 2019). "Sub-millimetre non-contaminated detection of the disc around TWA 7 by ALMA". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 486 (4): 5552–5557. arXiv:1806.09252. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.486.5552B. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1133. ISSN 0035-8711.
  17. ^ Matrà, L.; Öberg, K. I.; Wilner, D. J.; Olofsson, J.; Bayo, A. (2019-02-14). "On the Ubiquity and Stellar Luminosity Dependence of Exocometary CO Gas: Detection around M Dwarf TWA 7". The Astronomical Journal. 157 (3): 117. arXiv:1901.05004. Bibcode:2019AJ....157..117M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaff5b. ISSN 0004-6256.
Allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CE_Antliae
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