Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6, also known as LPA6, P2RY5 and GPR87, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LPAR6 gene.[5][6][7][8] LPA6 is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds the lipid signaling molecule lysophosphatidic acid (LPA).[9][10]

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of G-protein coupled receptors, that are preferentially activated by adenosine and uridine nucleotides. This gene aligns with an internal intron of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene in the reverse orientation.[8]

Role in hair growth/loss

In February 2008, researchers at the University of Bonn announced they have found the genetic basis of two distinct forms of inherited hair loss, opening a broad path to treatments for baldness. They found that mutations in the gene P2RY5 causes a rare, inherited form of hair loss called hypotrichosis simplex. It is the first receptor in humans known to play a role in hair growth. The fact that any receptor plays a specific role in hair growth was previously unknown to scientists, and with this new knowledge a focus on finding more of these genes may be able to lead to therapies for many different types of hair loss.[9][11]

In 2013, it was found that mutations in LPAR6 give rise to the Cornish Rex cat breed, which has a form of ectodermal dysplasia characterised by short woolly hair which is susceptible to loss.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000139679 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000033446 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Adrian K, Bernhard MK, Breitinger HG, Ogilvie A (June 2000). "Expression of purinergic receptors (ionotropic P2X1-7 and metabotropic P2Y1-11) during myeloid differentiation of HL60 cells". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1492 (1): 127–138. doi:10.1016/S0167-4781(00)00094-4. PMID 11004484.
  6. ^ Ralevic V, Burnstock G (September 1998). "Receptors for purines and pyrimidines". Pharmacological Reviews. 50 (3): 413–492. PMID 9755289.
  7. ^ Yanagida K, Masago K, Nakanishi H, Kihara Y, Hamano F, Tajima Y, et al. (June 2009). "Identification and characterization of a novel lysophosphatidic acid receptor, p2y5/LPA6". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 284 (26): 17731–17741. doi:10.1074/jbc.M808506200. PMC 2719412. PMID 19386608.
  8. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: P2RY5 purinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled, 5".
  9. ^ a b Pasternack SM, von Kügelgen I, Al Aboud K, Lee YA, Rüschendorf F, Voss K, et al. (March 2008). "G protein-coupled receptor P2Y5 and its ligand LPA are involved in maintenance of human hair growth". Nature Genetics. 40 (3): 329–334. doi:10.1038/ng.84. PMID 18297070. S2CID 20241237.
  10. ^ Choi JW, Herr DR, Noguchi K, Yung YC, Lee CW, Mutoh T, et al. (January 2010). "LPA receptors: subtypes and biological actions". Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 50 (1): 157–186. doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.010909.105753. PMID 20055701.
  11. ^ "Hypotrichosis simplex - About the Disease - Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center". rarediseases.info.nih.gov. Retrieved 2023-05-06.
  12. ^ Gandolfi B, Alhaddad H, Affolter VK, Brockman J, Haggstrom J, Joslin SE, et al. (2013-06-27). "To the Root of the Curl: A Signature of a Recent Selective Sweep Identifies a Mutation That Defines the Cornish Rex Cat Breed". PLOS ONE. 8 (6): e67105. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...867105G. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067105. PMC 3694948. PMID 23826204.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

Allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LPAR6
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