War in Afghanistan, Afghan war, or Afghan civil war may refer to:

• Conquest of Afghanistan by Alexander the Great (330 BC – 327 BC), the conquest of Afghanistan by the Macedonian Empire
• Muslim conquests of Afghanistan, a series of campaigns in the 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th centuries
• Mongol campaigns in Central Asia (1216–1222), the conquest of Afghanistan by the Mongol Empire
• Mughal conquests in Afghanistan (1526), the conquest by the Mughal Empire
• Afghan Civil War (1863–1869), a civil war between Sher Ali Khan and Mohammad Afzal Khan's faction after the death of Dost Mohammad Khan
• Anglo−Afghan Wars, wars conducted by British India in Afghanistan
  • First Anglo−Afghan War (1839–1842)
  • Second Anglo−Afghan War (1878–1880)
  • Third Anglo−Afghan War (1919)
• Panjdeh incident (1885), an incursion into Afghanistan by the Russian Empire during the era of the "Great Game"
• Afghan Civil War (1928–1929), revolts by the Shinwari and the Saqqawists; the Saqqawists take over Kabul for a 9-month period
• Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1929), an invasion by the Soviet Union against the Saqqawists in support of the royalists