Events in the year 1923 in India.

• Emperor of India – George V
• Viceroy of India – The Earl of Reading

• National income - ₹29,403 million
• Jan 1 - The Swaraj Party was established by CR Das and Motilal Nehru
• The Madras Province Swarajya Party was established under the leadership of S. Sathyamurthy and S. Srinivasa Iyengar.
• May 1 – Rahula College is established in Ceylon, under the name of "Parakramabhahu Vidyalaya".
• Nov, 1923 - General Elections held

• Workmen Compensation Act
• Official Secrets Act
• Indian Boilers Act
• Cantonments (House-Accommodation) Act
• Indian Naval Armament Act
• Indian Merchant Shipping Act
• Cotton Transport Act

• 4 January – Mohan Lall Shrimal, chief justice of Sikkim.
• 10 March – Ranjit Lal Jetley, soldier and scientist (died 2018).
• 21 March – Nirmala Srivastava, founder of Sahaja Yoga(died 2011).
• 5 April – M. Sarada Menon, psychiatrist and social worker (died 2021).
• 14 May – Mrinal Sen, producer of Bollywood films (died 2018).
• 15 May – Johnny Walker, actor of Bollywood films (died 2003).
• 23 May – Ranajit Guha, historian (died 2023).
• 28 May – N. T. Rama Rao, actor, director, producer, and politician (died 1996).
• 9 June – Idris Hasan Latif, chief of the Air Staff (died 2018).
• 17 June – Sukh Dev, chemist (died 2024).
• 9 July – Kovilan, novelist. (died 2010).
• 22 July – Mukesh, playback singer (died 1976).
• 28 July – H. S. S. Lawrence, educationalist.
• 1 September – Habib Tanvir, playwright, theatre director, poet and actor.(died 2009)
• 16 September – Ki. Rajanarayanan, folklorist and writer (died 2021)
• 26 September – Dev Anand, actor and film producer.(died 2011)
• 26 October – Ram Prakash Gupta, Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and governor of Madhya Pradesh (died 2004).
• 9 November – Keshub Mahindra, businessman (died 2023).
• 25 December – Swami Satyananda Saraswati, founder of Satyananda Yoga and Bihar Yoga (died 2009).