Fail:Studio publicity Shelley Winters.jpg

Studio_publicity_Shelley_Winters.jpg (338 × 450 pikslit, faili suurus: 23 KB, MIME tüüp: image/jpeg)

Kirjeldus Promotional photograph of actor Shelley Winters
Kuupäev ca. 1951
date QS:P,+1951-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1480,Q5727902
Allikas Art.com (archive)
Autor TeadmataUnknown author studio photographer
Luba
(Faili edasikasutus)
Public domain
This work is in the public domain because it was published in the United States between 1931 and 1963, and although there may or may not have been a copyright notice, the copyright was not renewed. For further explanation, see Commons:Hirtle chart and the copyright renewal logs.
Note that it may still be copyrighted in jurisdictions that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works (depending on the date of the author's death), such as Canada (70 years p.m.a.), Mainland China (50 years p.m.a., not Hong Kong or Macao), Germany (70 years p.m.a.), Mexico (100 years p.m.a.), Switzerland (70 years p.m.a.), and other countries with individual treaties.

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Flag of the United States
This is a publicity photo taken to promote a film actor. As stated by film production expert Eve Light Honthaner in The Complete Film Production Handbook, (Focal Press, 2001 p. 211.)"Publicity photos (star headshots) have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary."

Nancy Wolff, includes a similar explanation:

"There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them." (The Professional Photographer's Legal Handbook By Nancy E. Wolff, Allworth Communications, 2007, p. 55.)

Film industry author Gerald Mast, in Film Study and the Copyright Law (1989) p. 87, writes:

"According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible."
Kristin Thompson, committee chairperson of the for Cinema and Media Studies writes in the conclusion of a 1993 conference with cinema scholars and editors, that they "expressed the opinion that it is not necessary for authors to request permission to reproduce frame enlargements. . . [and] some trade presses that publish educational and scholarly film books also take the position that permission is not necessary for reproducing frame enlargements and publicity photographs."[1]
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Sellest failist on välja lõigatud järgmine pilt: Studio publicity Shelley Winters (trim square).jpg.

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Selles failis kujutatud üksused

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Shelley Winters

autoriõiguslik seisund

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määramismeetod: copyright not renewed inglise

data size inglise

23 525 bait

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450 piksel

laius

338 piksel

media type inglise

image/jpeg

checksum inglise

d5ab0bd2bab0098cb80e2f5a27e19d4f2fa3761c

määramismeetod: SHA-1

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viimane17. juuni 2012, kell 21:33Pisipilt versioonist seisuga 17. juuni 2012, kell 21:33338 × 450 (23 KB)Celest.ru

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allikas: https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail:Studio_publicity_Shelley_Winters.jpg