The Seven Stars Inn: Difference between revisions

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==Architecture==
==Architecture==


Owned by [[Harvey & Son|Harveys]], a brewery in [[Lewes]] since February 2002,<ref>http://www.harveys.org.uk/laynewsfebruary02.htm</ref> the pub has existed in its current form for at least 300 years. Built as a [[Wealden hall house|Wealden]] [[hall house]]<ref>http://www.geograph.org.uk/article/Wealden-Hall-Houses</ref> in about 1400, in traditional Wealden [[Timber framing|timber frame]], it is Grade II* [[Listed Building|Listed]], [http://www.imagesofengland.org.uk/details/default.aspx?id=413192 Shown with image here]. It was altered in the 16th century, and re-faced in the 19th century, and has a recessed centre, with curved timber [[Bracket (architecture)|brackets]] supporting the [[eaves]]. The first floor oversails on brackets, and has a [[King Post|Crown-post]]-supported roof.<ref>http://www.imagesofengland.org.uk/details/default.aspx?id=413192</ref>
Owned by [[Harvey & Son|Harveys]], a brewery in [[Lewes]] since February 2002,<ref>[http://www.harveys.org.uk/laynewsfebruary02.htm ]{{dead link|date=June 2013}}</ref> the pub has existed in its current form for at least 300 years. Built as a [[Wealden hall house|Wealden]] [[hall house]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/article/Wealden-Hall-Houses |title=Wealden Hall Houses :: Geograph Britain and Ireland |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |date=2009-04-18 |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> in about 1400, in traditional Wealden [[Timber framing|timber frame]], it is Grade II* [[Listed Building|Listed]], [http://www.imagesofengland.org.uk/details/default.aspx?id=413192 Shown with image here]. It was altered in the 16th century, and re-faced in the 19th century, and has a recessed centre, with curved timber [[Bracket (architecture)|brackets]] supporting the [[eaves]]. The first floor oversails on brackets, and has a [[King Post|Crown-post]]-supported roof.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imagesofengland.org.uk/details/default.aspx?id=413192 |title=Detailed Record |publisher=Imagesofengland.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref>


==History==
==History==


Medieval Robertsbridge was granted a market charter in the 13th century,<ref>http://www.aboutrobertsbridge.org.uk/About%20Robertsbridge.htm#Medieval</ref> and quickly became prosperous. The Seven Stars dates from this era of early prosperity. The earliest surviving building in the village is only 10 years older.<ref>http://www.aboutrobertsbridge.org.uk/Timber%20framed%20buildings.htm</ref>
Medieval Robertsbridge was granted a market charter in the 13th century,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aboutrobertsbridge.org.uk/About%20Robertsbridge.htm#Medieval |title=Robertsbridge origins and history |publisher=Aboutrobertsbridge.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> and quickly became prosperous. The Seven Stars dates from this era of early prosperity. The earliest surviving building in the village is only 10 years older.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aboutrobertsbridge.org.uk/Timber%20framed%20buildings.htm |title=Timber framed buildings in Robertsbridge |publisher=Aboutrobertsbridge.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref>


[http://www.francisfrith.co.uk/search/england/east+sussex/robertsbridge/photos/robertsbridge_R332002.htm A 1955 photograph] shows the Seven Stars on the right.
[http://www.francisfrith.co.uk/search/england/east+sussex/robertsbridge/photos/robertsbridge_R332002.htm A 1955 photograph] shows the Seven Stars on the right.


There are rumours and snippets of folk history associated with the building. [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] is said to have been confined there for a time <ref>http://www.spookystuff.co.uk/BritainsTopTenHauntedPubs.html</ref><ref>http://www.yeoldesussexpages.com/ghosts/7stars.htm</ref> [[Escape of Charles II|during his escape]] from England following the [[Battle of Worcester]]. This is unlikely: Charles eventually escaped by ship from [[Shoreham-by-Sea|Shoreham]], having travelled from the west.
There are rumours and snippets of folk history associated with the building. [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] is said to have been confined there for a time <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spookystuff.co.uk/BritainsTopTenHauntedPubs.html |title=Britain's Top Ten Haunted Pubs |publisher=Spookystuff.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref><ref>[http://www.yeoldesussexpages.com/ghosts/7stars.htm ]{{dead link|date=June 2013}}</ref> [[Escape of Charles II|during his escape]] from England following the [[Battle of Worcester]]. This is unlikely: Charles eventually escaped by ship from [[Shoreham-by-Sea|Shoreham]], having travelled from the west.


The Seven Stars is listed as one of [http://www.spookystuff.co.uk/BritainsTopTenHauntedPubs.html the Top Ten Haunted Pubs in England]. Experiences include phantom footsteps, shadowy apparitions and dogs reacting to sights unseen. The inn was frequented by 18th-century [[smuggler]]s,<ref>http://www.villagenet.co.uk/history/1300-smugglers.html</ref> so strange noises in the middle of the night might have another explanation.
The Seven Stars is listed as one of [http://www.spookystuff.co.uk/BritainsTopTenHauntedPubs.html the Top Ten Haunted Pubs in England]. Experiences include phantom footsteps, shadowy apparitions and dogs reacting to sights unseen. The inn was frequented by 18th-century [[smuggler]]s,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.villagenet.co.uk/history/1300-smugglers.html |title=Smugglers - Smuggling 1300 to 1833 - VillageNet History - History effecting Kent & Sussex |publisher=Villagenet.co.uk |date=2012-05-15 |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> so strange noises in the middle of the night might have another explanation.


===Smugglers===
===Smugglers===


Robertsbridge was within the area controlled by the [[Hawkhurst Gang]]<ref>http://www.smuggling.co.uk/gazetteer_se_16.html</ref> who ran the smuggling in the area between 1735 and 1749
Robertsbridge was within the area controlled by the [[Hawkhurst Gang]]<ref name="smuggling1">{{cite web|url=http://www.smuggling.co.uk/gazetteer_se_16.html |title=Smuggling gangs of East Sussex and their inland bases |publisher=Smuggling.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> who ran the smuggling in the area between 1735 and 1749
.<ref>{{cite book
.<ref>{{cite book
| last = Platt
| last = Platt
Line 55: Line 55:
| doi =
| doi =
| id =
| id =
| isbn = 978-0-7524-4249-5}}</ref> John Amos, a prominent member of the gang, lived in Robertsbridge. Their influence extended from Kent to Dorset and they operated freely enough to use as many as 500 pack-horses to carry [[contraband]], and raid a government [[customs house]] <ref>http://www.darkdorset.co.uk/terror_of_the_hawkhurst_gang</ref> to recover captured goods.<ref>http://www.heyerlist.org/tua/smuggling.html</ref> Robertsbridge itself was the site of a famous ambush, 30 smugglers assembled, fortified themselves with drink, and ambushed a wagon-load of seized contraband [[tea]] on Silver Hill, killing a [[customs officer]] in the process.<ref>http://www.smuggling.co.uk/gazetteer_se_16.html</ref>
| isbn = 978-0-7524-4249-5}}</ref> John Amos, a prominent member of the gang, lived in Robertsbridge. Their influence extended from Kent to Dorset and they operated freely enough to use as many as 500 pack-horses to carry [[contraband]], and raid a government [[customs house]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.darkdorset.co.uk/terror_of_the_hawkhurst_gang |title=Terror of the Hawkhurst Gang |publisher=Darkdorset.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> to recover captured goods.<ref>[http://www.heyerlist.org/tua/smuggling.html ]{{dead link|date=June 2013}}</ref> Robertsbridge itself was the site of a famous ambush, 30 smugglers assembled, fortified themselves with drink, and ambushed a wagon-load of seized contraband [[tea]] on Silver Hill, killing a [[customs officer]] in the process.<ref name="smuggling1"/>


[[Horace Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford|Horace Walpole]] reported a miserable journey that ended at Robertsbridge in one of his letters to Richard Bentley , dated 5 August 1752.<ref>http://fulltextarchive.com/pages/The-Letters-of-Horace-Walpole-Volumex79565.php#p87</ref> Arriving in "Rotherbridge" after passing Silver Hill, they found only one available bed, "all the rest were inhabited by smugglers".
[[Horace Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford|Horace Walpole]] reported a miserable journey that ended at Robertsbridge in one of his letters to Richard Bentley , dated 5 August 1752.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fulltextarchive.com/pages/The-Letters-of-Horace-Walpole-Volumex79565.php#p87 |title=The Letters of Horace Walpole, Volume 2 by Horace Walpole - Full Text Free Book (Part 5/16) |publisher=Fulltextarchive.com |date= |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> Arriving in "Rotherbridge" after passing Silver Hill, they found only one available bed, "all the rest were inhabited by smugglers".


==Origin of name==
==Origin of name==
Line 75: Line 75:
| doi =
| doi =
| id =
| id =
| isbn = 0-304-30706-8 }}</ref> the "Seven Stars" can be a reference to the [[Pleiades]], a cluster of stars<ref>http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2004/20/</ref> in the constellation of [[Taurus (constellation)|Taurus]], (also known as the Seven Sisters, named by the Greeks for the seven daughters <ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiades_%28Greek_mythology%29</ref> of [[Atlas (mythology)|Atlas]]); the seven moving heavenly bodies known to the ancients: the sun, the moon, and the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn;<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naked-eye_planets</ref> or the constellation [[Ursa Major]], "the Plough", important for its symbolism in a rural arable area, and for indicating the direction North. "The Plough" is also a common [[Pub names|pub name]].
| isbn = 0-304-30706-8 }}</ref> the "Seven Stars" can be a reference to the [[Pleiades]], a cluster of stars<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2004/20/ |title=NewsCenter - Hubble Refines Distance to Pleiades Star Cluster (06/01/2004) - Introduction |publisher=HubbleSite |date=2004-06-01 |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> in the constellation of [[Taurus (constellation)|Taurus]], (also known as the Seven Sisters, named by the Greeks for the seven daughters <ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiades_%28Greek_mythology%29 |title=Pleiades (Greek mythology) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |publisher=En.wikipedia.org |date= |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> of [[Atlas (mythology)|Atlas]]); the seven moving heavenly bodies known to the ancients: the sun, the moon, and the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naked-eye_planets |title=Classical planet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |publisher=En.wikipedia.org |date= |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> or the constellation [[Ursa Major]], "the Plough", important for its symbolism in a rural arable area, and for indicating the direction North. "The Plough" is also a common [[Pub names|pub name]].


The reference to "seven stars in the sky" in the famous [[Green grow the rushes, O|Green Grow the Rushes O! Teaching Song or Dilly Song]] gives further, if mystical,<ref>http://www.ecauldron.net/pentagram.php</ref> insights. The Seven Stars could be the Seven Stars referred to in [[Book of Revelation|Revelations]] as representing the seven angels of the [[Seven churches of Asia|Seven_churches_of_Asia]]; or the Pleiades, or Ursa Major. The song is replete with Christian and Pre-Christian symbolism,<ref>http://www.hymnsandcarolsofchristmas.com/Hymns_and_Carols/dilly_carol.htm</ref> and dates to medieval times, if not earlier. Shakespeare refers to the "seven stars" in [[King Lear|King_Lear]] Act 1, v
The reference to "seven stars in the sky" in the famous [[Green grow the rushes, O|Green Grow the Rushes O! Teaching Song or Dilly Song]] gives further, if mystical,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ecauldron.net/pentagram.php |title=Pentagrams: Meaning and History (The Cauldron: A Pagan Forum) |publisher=Ecauldron.net |date= |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> insights. The Seven Stars could be the Seven Stars referred to in [[Book of Revelation|Revelations]] as representing the seven angels of the [[Seven churches of Asia|Seven_churches_of_Asia]]; or the Pleiades, or Ursa Major. The song is replete with Christian and Pre-Christian symbolism,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hymnsandcarolsofchristmas.com/Hymns_and_Carols/dilly_carol.htm |title=The Dilly Carol |publisher=Hymnsandcarolsofchristmas.com |date= |accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref> and dates to medieval times, if not earlier. Shakespeare refers to the "seven stars" in [[King Lear|King_Lear]] Act 1, v


==Citations==
==Citations==

Revision as of 23:43, 24 June 2013

Seven Stars Inn
The inn from the northwest
Location34 High Street, Robertsbridge, East Sussex TN32 5AJ
Builtc. 1400
Architectural styleMedieval
Listed Building – Grade II*
Designated3 August 1961
Reference no.1275146
The Seven Stars Inn is located in East Sussex
The Seven Stars Inn
Location within East Sussex

The Seven Stars Inn is a 14th-century public house in Robertsbridge, East Sussex, a well-preserved example of a medieval building and a typical Sussex village pub. It is associated with historical events, both real and rumoured.

Architecture

Owned by Harveys, a brewery in Lewes since February 2002,[1] the pub has existed in its current form for at least 300 years. Built as a Wealden hall house[2] in about 1400, in traditional Wealden timber frame, it is Grade II* Listed, Shown with image here. It was altered in the 16th century, and re-faced in the 19th century, and has a recessed centre, with curved timber brackets supporting the eaves. The first floor oversails on brackets, and has a Crown-post-supported roof.[3]

History

Medieval Robertsbridge was granted a market charter in the 13th century,[4] and quickly became prosperous. The Seven Stars dates from this era of early prosperity. The earliest surviving building in the village is only 10 years older.[5]

A 1955 photograph shows the Seven Stars on the right.

There are rumours and snippets of folk history associated with the building. Charles II is said to have been confined there for a time [6][7] during his escape from England following the Battle of Worcester. This is unlikely: Charles eventually escaped by ship from Shoreham, having travelled from the west.

The Seven Stars is listed as one of the Top Ten Haunted Pubs in England. Experiences include phantom footsteps, shadowy apparitions and dogs reacting to sights unseen. The inn was frequented by 18th-century smugglers,[8] so strange noises in the middle of the night might have another explanation.

Smugglers

Robertsbridge was within the area controlled by the Hawkhurst Gang[9] who ran the smuggling in the area between 1735 and 1749 .[10] John Amos, a prominent member of the gang, lived in Robertsbridge. Their influence extended from Kent to Dorset and they operated freely enough to use as many as 500 pack-horses to carry contraband, and raid a government customs house [11] to recover captured goods.[12] Robertsbridge itself was the site of a famous ambush, 30 smugglers assembled, fortified themselves with drink, and ambushed a wagon-load of seized contraband tea on Silver Hill, killing a customs officer in the process.[9]

Horace Walpole reported a miserable journey that ended at Robertsbridge in one of his letters to Richard Bentley , dated 5 August 1752.[13] Arriving in "Rotherbridge" after passing Silver Hill, they found only one available bed, "all the rest were inhabited by smugglers".

Origin of name

According to Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable ,[14] the "Seven Stars" can be a reference to the Pleiades, a cluster of stars[15] in the constellation of Taurus, (also known as the Seven Sisters, named by the Greeks for the seven daughters [16] of Atlas); the seven moving heavenly bodies known to the ancients: the sun, the moon, and the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn;[17] or the constellation Ursa Major, "the Plough", important for its symbolism in a rural arable area, and for indicating the direction North. "The Plough" is also a common pub name.

The reference to "seven stars in the sky" in the famous Green Grow the Rushes O! Teaching Song or Dilly Song gives further, if mystical,[18] insights. The Seven Stars could be the Seven Stars referred to in Revelations as representing the seven angels of the Seven_churches_of_Asia; or the Pleiades, or Ursa Major. The song is replete with Christian and Pre-Christian symbolism,[19] and dates to medieval times, if not earlier. Shakespeare refers to the "seven stars" in King_Lear Act 1, v

Citations

  1. ^ [1][dead link]
  2. ^ "Wealden Hall Houses :: Geograph Britain and Ireland". Geograph.org.uk. 2009-04-18. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  3. ^ "Detailed Record". Imagesofengland.org.uk. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  4. ^ "Robertsbridge origins and history". Aboutrobertsbridge.org.uk. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  5. ^ "Timber framed buildings in Robertsbridge". Aboutrobertsbridge.org.uk. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  6. ^ "Britain's Top Ten Haunted Pubs". Spookystuff.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  7. ^ [2][dead link]
  8. ^ "Smugglers - Smuggling 1300 to 1833 - VillageNet History - History effecting Kent & Sussex". Villagenet.co.uk. 2012-05-15. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  9. ^ a b "Smuggling gangs of East Sussex and their inland bases". Smuggling.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  10. ^ Platt, Richard (2007). Smuggling in the British Isles. Tempus Publishing Ltd. pp. 224pp. ISBN 978-0-7524-4249-5. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  11. ^ "Terror of the Hawkhurst Gang". Darkdorset.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  12. ^ [3][dead link]
  13. ^ "The Letters of Horace Walpole, Volume 2 by Horace Walpole - Full Text Free Book (Part 5/16)". Fulltextarchive.com. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  14. ^ Evans, Ivor (1987). Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, Revised Edition. London: Cassell Publishers Limited. pp. 1213pp. ISBN 0-304-30706-8. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  15. ^ "NewsCenter - Hubble Refines Distance to Pleiades Star Cluster (06/01/2004) - Introduction". HubbleSite. 2004-06-01. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  16. ^ "Pleiades (Greek mythology) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia". En.wikipedia.org. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  17. ^ "Classical planet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia". En.wikipedia.org. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  18. ^ "Pentagrams: Meaning and History (The Cauldron: A Pagan Forum)". Ecauldron.net. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
  19. ^ "The Dilly Carol". Hymnsandcarolsofchristmas.com. Retrieved 2013-06-24.