Samuel Roper (died 1658) was an English antiquary.
Samuel or Sam Roper may also refer to:
- Samuel Roper (Ku Klux Klan) (1895–1986), American leader of the Ku Klux Klan after 1946
- Sam Roper, a circus owner whose sideshow included "Elephant Man", Joseph Merrick
- Samuel Phelps-Roper, oldest son of Shirley Phelps-Roper, member of the Westboro Baptist Church