Pecilocin (brand name Variotin) is a pyrrolidine anti-fungal.[1] It is produced by Paecilomyces varioti Bainer var. antibioticus and was first isolated by Setsuo Takeuchi in 1959.[2] Later, it was established that other fungi also produce this compound, which inclue Aspergillus candidus and Aspergillus montenegroi.[3]

Uses

Pecilocin is indicated for topical treatment of fungal infections of skin and its adnexa,[4] i.e.:

Antifungal spectrum

Pecilocin is a fungistatic and has activity against genera Blastomyces, Cryptococcus, Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton (with MIC less or equal to 0,25 μg/ml).[5] C. albicans is inherently resistant.

Adverse effects

Common adverse effects associated with pecilocin include: skin irritation (observed in 2-6.5% of patients), as well as contact dermatitis. Some patients might exhibit allergy to pecilocin.[6]

Biosynthesis

A radioactive carbon study of pecilocin biosynthetic pathway conducted by Nobuo Tanaka showed it is synthesised from acetic acid, glutamate and L-methionine.[5]

References

  1. ^ "Pecilocin | C17H25NO3 | ChemSpider". www.chemspider.com. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
  2. ^ Takeuchi S, Yonehara H, Umezawa H (September 1959). "Studies on variotin, a new antifungal antibiotic. I. Preparations and properties of variotin". The Journal of Antibiotics. 12: 195–200. PMID 13855011.
  3. ^ Ngo MT, Van Nguyen M, Han JW, Kim B, Kim YK, Park MS, et al. (2021-12-23). "Biocontrol Potential of Aspergillus Species Producing Antimicrobial Metabolites". Frontiers in Microbiology. 12: 804333. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.804333. PMC 8733401. PMID 35003037.
  4. ^ Piechal A, Iwańczyk A, Groszyk E, Kostrzewa-Itrych A, Rząca K, Itrych B, Celiński A, eds. (2019). Leki współczesnej terapii (Wydanie XXII ed.). Warszawa: Medical Tribune Polska. ISBN 978-83-951310-6-6.
  5. ^ a b Gottlieb D, Shaw PD, eds. (1967). Biosynthesis. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-38441-1. ISBN 978-3-662-37650-8.
  6. ^ Aronson JK, ed. (2016). "Antifungal azoles and other antifungal drugs for topical use". Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs. Elsevier. pp. 602–605. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53717-1.00312-7. ISBN 978-0-444-53716-4. Retrieved 2025-02-08.


Allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pecilocin
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