Events in the year 1906 in India.

• Emperor of India – Edward VII
• Viceroy of India – Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto

• National income - ₹10,684 million
• George, Prince of Wales, and Princess Mary tour India, 1905-06^[1]
• 1 January – British India officially adopts Indian Standard Time.
• 11 September – Mahatma Gandhi coins the term Satyagraha to characterize the Non-violence movement in South Africa.
• 30 December – The All-India Muslim League, a political organization that represented the interests of Indian Muslims, is formed.
• First fertilizer factory in India (Ranipet, Tamil Nadu)

• Mamlatdars Courts Act^[2]
• Coinage Act

• 25 August – Kirupanandha Variyar, spiritual teacher and guru (died 1993).
• 3 November – Prithviraj Kapoor, actor, director, thespian (died 1972).
• 23 December – Edasseri Govindan Nair, poet, playwright and essayist (died 1974).

• 20 August - Anandamohan Bose, politician, academic and social reformer (born 1847)
• 2 October - Raja Ravi Varma, Indian painter.
• 21 December - Acharya Rajendrasuri, reformer in Śvetāmbara sect of Jainism (born 1827).