Papyrus 12 is an early papyrus manuscript copy of the New Testament Epistle to the Hebrews verse 1:1 in Greek. It is designated by the siglum 𝔓12 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and α 1033 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to ca. 285. It may have been a writing exercise or an amulet.[1]
Description
The verse has been written at the top of the second column by another (likely later) writer in three lines.[1]: 82 It has been written in a small uncial hand.[2] On the verso of this manuscript another writer has penned Genesis 1:1-5 according to the Greek Septuagint.[1]
| Greek Text Transcription | Transliteration | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| πολυμερως κ(αι) πολυ[τρο]πως | polymenōs k(ai) poly[tro]pōs | In many parts and in many ways |
| παλε ο ΘΣ λαλήσ[α]ς το[ις π]ατρα | pale ho Theos lalēs[a]s to[is p]atra | long ago God spoke to the fathe- |
| σ[ιν] ημ[ω]ν εν τοις προ[φ]ητα[ις] | s[in] hēm[ō]n en tois pro[ph]ēta[is] | rs our by the prophets |
It has an error of itacism (παλε instead of παλαι, palai, meaning "long ago, formerly"), and includes the nomen sacrum ΘΣ for Theos, "God".[1] The Greek text of this small portion of Hebrews is probably a representative of the Alexandrian text-type, but its text is too brief for certainty. Biblical scholar Kurt Aland placed it in Category I of his New Testament manuscript classification system.[3] It supports the textual variant ημων (hēmōn, "our") as in codices 𝔓46c a t v vgmss syrp.[4]
History
The manuscript was discovered in 1897 by papyrologists Bernard Grenfell and Arthur Hunt in the Fayum, Egypt.[1] It is currently housed at The Morgan Library & Museum (Pap. Gr. 3; P. Amherst 3b) in New York City.[3][5]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e Comfort, Philip Wesley; Barrett, David P. (2001). The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts. Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale House Publishers. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-8423-5265-9.
- ^ a b B. P. Grenfell & A. S. Hunt, The Amherst Papyri I, (London 1900), p. 30.
- ^ a b Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Translated by Erroll F. Rhodes. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 97. ISBN 978-0-8028-4098-1.
- ^ NA26, p. 563.
- ^ "Handschriftenliste: Papyrus 12". Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved 23 August 2012.
Further reading
- B. P. Grenfell & A. S. Hunt, The Amherst Papyri I, (London 1900), pp. 30–31. (P. Amherst 3 b).
- Gregory, Caspar René (1908). Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testament. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung. p. 47.
External links
- Digital Images of the manuscript online at the Morgan Museum & Library website.
- Papyrus 12. Entry in the Manuscript Database of the Göttinger Septuaginta by Alfred Rahlfs, published 7 April 2023
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