Robert Barton (1881–1975) was an Irish lawyer.

Robert Barton may also refer to:

• Robert S. Barton (1925–2009), American computer systems architect and designer
• Robert Barton (British Army officer) (1770–1853)
• Robert Barton (RAF officer) (1916–2010), Canadian flying ace of WWII
• Robert Barton of Over Barnton (died 1540), Scottish sailor and Lord High Treasurer
• Robert T. Barton (1842–1917), American lawyer, politician and writer
• Robert Barton (author), American actor, author and academic