Ghafir

Surah 40 of the Quran
غافر‎
Ghāfir
The Forgiver
ClassificationMeccan
Alternate titles (Ar.)(Sūrat al-Muʼmin) سورة المؤمن
Other namesThe Forgiving One, The Believer, Forgiving
PositionJuzʼ 24
No. of verses85
No. of Rukus9
No. of words1226
No. of letters5108

Ghafir[1] (Arabic: غافر, ghāfir; meaning: "The All-Forgiving", referring to God), also known as Al-Muʼmin (Arabic: المؤمن, ’al-mu’min; meaning: The Believer),[2] is the 40th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an, with 85 verses (āyāt). It takes its name from verse 28,[3] which mentions a distinguished believer from among the clan of the Pharaoh who supported Moses, referring to him as a "believing man", hence al-Mu'min; The Believer. This surah is also often called al-Ghafir (the All-Forgiving) because of the Divine Name mentioned in verse 3.[4]

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is traditionally believed to be a Meccan surah, from the second Meccan period (615–619).

Summary

  • 1–3 The Quran a revelation from the only true God
  • 4 It is denied by none but unbelievers
  • 4–6 Confederated infidels, however prosperous, are doomed
  • 7–9 The angels intercede for true believers
  • 10–12 Infidels shall repent in hell, but in vain
  • 13–15 God to be worshipped as the Supreme Being
  • 16–18 Judgement Day shall come suddenly
  • 19–21 Ungodly men shall have no intercessor
  • 22–23 Former infidels destroyed to warn those coming after
  • 24–25 Moses called a sorcerer and a liar
  • 26–27 He and his followers persecuted by Pharaoh and his people
  • 28 Moses takes refuge in the Lord
  • 29–30 A true believer espouses the cause of Moses
  • 31–37 He warns Pharaoh and his people against unbelief
  • 38–39 Pharaoh orders a tower to be built up to heaven
  • 40 Pharaoh regards Moses as a liar
  • 41–47 The true believer exhorts the Egyptians to believe in the God of Moses
  • 48 God delivers the true believer from the devices of Pharaoh and his people
  • 49 Pharaoh and his people condemned to hell-fire
  • 50–53 Infidels shall reproach each other in hell, and call on their keepers for help in vain
  • 54–55 God assists his apostles in this world and in the next
  • 56 Moses received the Book of the Law
  • 57 The creation of the heavens and the earth is certainly greater than the re-creation of humankind, but most people do not know
  • 58 Muhammad to fly for refuge to God against proud infidels
  • 59 God manifested to creation, but few men understand
  • 60 The righteous and the evil not equal
  • 61 The judgment-day sure to come
  • 62 Rejectors of God shall be rejected
  • 63–66 The true God rejected by ungrateful men
  • 67–68 The true God alone to be worshipped
  • 69–70 God the Sovereign Creator of all things
  • 71–76 The miserable lot of those who reject the Scriptures
  • 77 Muhammad to persevere patiently
  • 78 No apostle ever wrought miracles without God's permission
  • 79–81 God revealed in his works of providence
  • 82–83 Former infidels were destroyed for their unbelief
  • 84–85 They all repented when too late to avail[5]

References

  1. ^ Ibn Kathir. "Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Surah Al Momin - Ghāfir". Quran 4 U. Tafsir. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  2. ^ The 1698 Maracci Quran notes some chapters have two or more titles, occasioned by the existence of different copies in the Arabic.(George Sale Preliminary discourse 3)
  3. ^ "Ghafir 40:28". The Noble Qur'an.
  4. ^ Ünal, Ali (2006). The Qurʼan with annotated interpretation in modern English. p. 971. ISBN 978-1-59784-000-2. OCLC 1002857525.
  5. ^ Rev. E. M. Wherry, M.A., A Complete Index to Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  • Texts on Wikisource:
  • Quran 40, 2020 Mustafa Khattab translation
  • Q40:1, a verse-by-verse comparison of various translations
allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q40:28-45