List of endemic plants of Cape Verde
The Cape Verde Islands are an archipelago in The Atlantic Ocean off the west coast of Africa, and form the island nation of Cape Verde. The islands are home to dozens of endemic species and subspecies of vascular plants.[1] The Cape Verde Islands are part of Macaronesia, a biogeographical region which also includes the Azores, Canary Islands, Madeira, and the Selvagens.[2]
Plants are listed alphabetically by plant family. Extinct and presumed extinct species are indicated with †.
Amaranthaceae
- Suaeda caboverdeana Rivas Mart.
Apiaceae
- Daucus carota subsp. annuus (Bég.) Mart.Flores, D.M.Spooner & M.B.Crespo
- Daucus carota subsp. tenuissimus (A.Chev.) Mart.Flores, D.M.Spooner & M.B.Crespo – Santo Antão and Fogo
- Daucus humilis (Lobin & K.H.Schmidt) Rivas Mart., Lousã, J.C.Costa & Maria C.Duarte
- Daucus insularis (Parl.) Spalik, Wojew., Banasiak & Reduron
- Daucus ribeirensis (K.H.Schmidt & Lobin) Rivas Mart., Lousã, J.C.Costa & Maria C.Duarte
Apocynaceae
- Cynanchum daltonii (Decne.) Liede & Meve
- Periploca chevalieri Browicz
Arecaceae
- Phoenix atlantica A.Chev.
Asparagaceae
- Asparagus squarrosus J.A.Schmidt
- Dracaena caboverdeana (Marrero Rodr. & R.S.Almeida) Rivas Mart., Lousã, J.C.Costa & Maria C.Duarte – Santo Antão, Sao Nicolãu, and Fogo
Asphodelaceae
- Asphodelus mariolousae Rivas Mart., J.C.Costa & Maria C.Duarte – Fogo
Asteraceae
- Artemisia gorgonum Webb
- Asteriscus daltonii Walp. – Santiago
- Asteriscus daltonii subsp. daltonii – Santiago
- Asteriscus daltonii subsp. vogelii (Webb) Greuter
- Asteriscus smithii Walp. – São Nicolau
- Gymnanthemum bolleanum Steetz – São Nicolau
- Helichrysum nicolai N.Kilian, Galbany & Oberpr.
- Launaea gorgadensis (Bolle) N.Kilian
- Launaea picridioides (Webb) B.L.Rob.
- Launaea thalassica N.Kilian, Brochmann & Rustan – Brava
- Nidorella nobrei A.Chev.
- Nidorella varia (Webb) J.A.Schmidt
- Phagnalon melanoleucum Webb
- Phagnalon melanoleucum var. luridum (Webb) A.Chev.
- Phagnalon melanoleucum var. melanoleucum
- Pulicaria diffusa (Shuttlew. ex Brunn.) Pett.
- Pulicaria undulata subsp. fogensis (E.Gamal-Eldin) A.Hansen & Sunding – Fogo
- Sonchus daltonii Webb
- Tolpis farinulosa Walp.
- Tolpis glandulifera Bolle
Boraginaceae
- Echium hypertropicum Webb
- Echium stenosiphon Webb – Santo Antão, São Nicolau, and São Vicente
- Echium stenosiphon subsp. glabrescens (Pett.) Romeiras & M.C.Duarte – São Nicolau
- Echium stenosiphon subsp. lindbergii (Pett.) Bramwell – Santo Antão
- Echium stenosiphon subsp. stenosiphon – São Vicente
- Echium vulcanorum A.Chev. – Fogo
Brassicaceae
- Diplotaxis antoniensis Rustan – Santo Antão
- Diplotaxis brochmannii (Rustan) Rivas Mart. – Santo Antão
- Diplotaxis glauca (J.A.Schmidt) O.E.Schulz – Boa Vista and Sal
- Diplotaxis gorgadensis Rustan – Santo Antão
- Diplotaxis gracilis (Webb) O.E.Schulz – São Nicolau
- Diplotaxis hirta (A.Chev.) Rustan & L.Borgen – Fogo
- Diplotaxis sundingii Rustan – São Nicolau
- Diplotaxis varia Rustan – Brava and São Tiago
- Diplotaxis vogelii (Webb) Cout. – São Vicente
- Erysimum caboverdeanum (A.Chev.) Sunding – Fogo
- Lobularia canariensis subsp. fruticosa (Webb ex Christ) L.Borgen
- Lobularia canariensis subsp. spathulata (J.A.Schmidt) L.Borgen
Campanulaceae
- Campanula bravensis (Bolle) A.Chev. – Brava, Fogo, and Santiago
- Campanula cochleromena Gardère
- Campanula feijoana Gardère – Santo Antão
- Campanula fransinea Gardère
- Campanula jacobaea C.Sm. ex Webb – Santiago
- Campanula monteverdensis Gardère – São Vicente
- Campanula vicinituba Gardère
Caryophyllaceae
- Paronychia illecebroides Webb
- Paronychia illecebroides var. illecebroides
- Paronychia illecebroides var. nicolauensis Chaudhri – São Nicolau
- Polycarpaea caboverdeana Rivas Mart.
- Polycarpaea gayi Webb
- Polycarpaea gayi var. gayi
- Polycarpaea gayi var. halimoides Webb
- Polycarpaea gayi var. lycioides Webb
Cistaceae
Convolvulaceae
- Cressa salina (J.A.Schmidt) Rivas Mart., Lousã, J.C.Costa & Maria C.Duarte
Crassulaceae
- Aeonium gorgoneum J.A.Schmidt
- Umbilicus schmidtii Bolle
Cyperaceae
- Carex antoniensis A.Chev. – Santo Antão
- Carex hansenii (Lewej. & Lobin) Rivas Mart.
- Cyperus sieberianus Spreng. – Santo Antão
Euphorbiaceae
- Euphorbia tuckeyana Steud. ex Webb
Fabaceae
- Lotus alianus J.H.Kirkbr. – Santo Antão and São Vicente
- Lotus brunneri Webb
- Lotus chevalieri Rivas Mart., Lousã, J.C.Costa & Maria C.Duarte
- Lotus jacobaeus L. Fogo and Santiago
- Lotus oliveirae A.Chev. – Santo Antão
- Lotus purpureus Webb
- Tephrosia gorgonea Cout.
Frankeniaceae
- Frankenia caboverdeana (Brochmann, Lobin & Sunding) Rivas Mart., Lousã, J.C.Costa & Maria C.Duarte
- Frankenia montana (Brochmann, Lobin & Sunding) Rivas Mart., Lousã, J.C.Costa & Maria C.Duarte – São Nicolau
- Frankenia pseudoericifolia Rivas Mart., Lousã, J.C.Costa & Maria C.Duarte
Gentianaceae
- Centaurium tenuiflorum subsp. viridense (Bolle) O.Erikss.
Lamiaceae
- Lavandula rotundifolia Benth.
- Micromeria forbesii Benth.
- Micromeria forbesii var. altitudinum Bolle – Santo Antão
- Micromeria forbesii var. forbesii
- Micromeria forbesii var. inodora J.A.Schmidt – Santo Antão and Fogo
Malvaceae
- Malva parviflora var. velutina (J.A.Schmidt) A.Chev. – Santo Antão
- Sida coutinhoi Paiva & Noguiera
Orchidaceae
- † Habenaria petromedusa Webb – Fogo. Last recorded in 1787.
Papaveraceae
- Papaver gorgoneum Cout.
- Papaver gorgoneum subsp. gorgoneum
- Papaver gorgoneum subsp. theresias Kadereit & Lobin – Santo Antão
Plantaginaceae
- Campylanthus glaber Benth
- Globularia amygdalifolia Webb
- Misopates orontium var. foliosum (J.A.Schmidt) Ormonde – Santo Antão
- Nanorrhinum dichondrifolium (Benth.) Betsche
- Nanorrhinum elegans (G.Forst.) Ghebr.
- Nanorrhinum webbianum (Sunding) Betsche – Santo Antão
Plumbaginaceae
- Limonium braunii (Bolle) A.Chev.
- Limonium brunneri (Webb ex Boiss.) Kuntze
- Limonium jovibarba (Webb ex Boiss.) Kuntze – São Vicente and São Nicolau
- Limonium lobinii N.Kilian & Leyens – Santiago
- Limonium sundingii Leyens, Lobin, N.Kilian & Erben – São Nicolau
Poaceae
- Eragrostis conertii Lobin
- Hyparrhenia caboverdeana Rivas Mart.
- Urochloa caboverdiana (Conert & C.Kohler) Veldkamp, Potdar & S.R.Yadav
Polypodiaceae
- Dryopteris gorgonea J.P.Roux – Fogo
Potamogetonaceae
- Potamogeton antaicus Hagstr.
Sapotaceae
- Sideroxylon marginatum (Decne. ex Webb) Cout.
Scrophulariaceae
- Verbascum capitis-viridis Hub.-Mor.
- Verbascum cystolithicum (Pett.) Hub.-Mor. – Fogo
Solanaceae
- Solanum rigidum Lam.
Urticaceae
References
- ^ Endemic plants of Cape Verde, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP) checklist builder. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 18 February 2025.
- ^ Brummitt, R. K. (2001). World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (PDF) (2nd ed.). International Working Group on Taxonomic Databases For Plant Sciences (TDWG). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-01-25. Retrieved 18 February 2025.