List of Holocaust memorial days

A Holocaust memorial day or Holocaust remembrance day is an annual observance to commemorate the victims of the Holocaust, the genocide of six million Jews and of millions of other Holocaust victims by Nazi Germany and its allies. Many countries, primarily in Europe, have designated national dates of commemoration.

List

Worldwide

Many observances fall on 27 January, the anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz concentration camp in 1945.[1] In 2005, the United Nations instituted an international observance, International Holocaust Remembrance Day (International Day of Commemoration in memory of the victims of the Holocaust 27) and established Holocaust and the United Nations Outreach Programme.[2]

Country Day Name Notes Ref
United Nations 27 January International Holocaust Remembrance Day Designated by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 60/7 on 1 November 2005. [3]
Azerbaijan 27 January Day of the Tragedy and Heroism of the Jews State Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan for the Work with Religious Organisations participates each 27 January in meetings organised by Jewish communities to commemorate the Holocaust. Holocaust victims are also commemorated during the events held on the anniversary of the victory over fascism, celebrated each year on 9 May. [4]
Australia 27 January International Holocaust Remembrance Day [5]
Austria 5 May Memorial Day against Violence and Racism in Memory on the Victims of National Socialism
(German: Gedenkveranstaltung gegen Gewalt und Rassismus im Gedenken an die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus) 		This day is in purpose of memorial of people who were killed in Gusen concentration camp. In 2022 the Austrian government bought the land where Gusen was and established a memorial museum there. [6]
Belgium 27 January International Day of Commemoration in Memory of the Victims of the Holocaust
(French: Journée internationale de commémoration de la mémoire des victimes de l’Holocauste; Dutch: Internationale dag voor de herdenking van de slachtoffers van de Holocaust) 		[7]
Bulgaria 10 March Holocaust Remembrance Day and the "Day of the Salvation of the Bulgarian Jews and of the Victims of the Holocaust and of the Crimes against Humanity" The day of the revocation of the plan to expel the country's Jewish population, officially designated in 2003. [8]
Canada 27 Nisan (April/May) All ten Canadian provinces of Alberta (2000)[9], British Columbia (2000),[10] Manitoba (2000),[11] New Brunswick (1999),[12] Newfoundland and Labrador (2000),[13] Nova Scotia (2000),[14] Ontario (1998),[15] Prince Edward Island (1999),[16] Quebec (1999),[17] and Saskatchewan (2001)[18] enacted legislation to recognize Holocaust Memorial Day on Yom HaShoah. N/a
Croatia 27 January Day of Remembrance of the Holocaust and for the Prevention of Crimes against Humanity [19]
Czech Republic 27 January Memorial Day for the Victims of the Holocaust and Prevention of Crimes against Humanity
(Czech: Den památky obětí holocaustu a předcházení zločinům proti lidskosti) 		[20]
Denmark 27 January Auschwitz Day (Danish: Auschwitzdag) [21]
Estonia 27 January Holocaust Remembrance Day

(Estonian: Holokausti mälestuspäev)

[22][23]
Finland 27 January Memorial Day for the Victims of the Holocaust (Finnish: Holokaustin uhrien muistopäivä) It was called Vainon uhrien muistopäivä before 2024. [24]
France 16-17 July Anniversary of the Vel' d'Hiv roundup
(French: la rafle du Vélodrome d'Hiver) 		In 2003 France designated this date as the day of remembrance of genocides and prevention of crimes against humanity. [25][26]
Germany 27 January Memorial Day for the Victims of National Socialism (German: Tag des Gedenkens an die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus) [27]
Greece 27 January National Holocaust Memorial Day
(Greek: Εθνική Ημέρα Μνήμης Ολοκαυτώματος) 		Since 2004. [28]
Hungary 16 April Holocaust Memorial Day

(Hungarian: holokauszt magyarországi áldozatainak emléknapja)

Since 2001. [29][30]
Ireland 27 January National Holocaust Memorial Day

(Irish: Lá Cuimhneacháin an Uileloiscthe)

[31]
Israel (and many Jewish communities in other countries) 27 Nisan (April/May) Yom HaShoah (Holocaust Day), or Yom HaZikaron laShoah ve-laGvura (Holocaust and Heroism Remembrance Day) Both an Israeli day of remembrance and a day of remembrance observed by many Jewish communities in the United States and elsewhere in the world.

The date relates both to the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising which began 13 days earlier on the first night of Passover 1943, and to the Israeli Independence Day which is eight days later.

[32]
Italy 27 January Memorial Day (Italian: Giorno della Memoria) [33]
Latvia 4 July Commemoration Day of the Victims of the Genocide Against the Jewish People

Ebreju tautas genocīda upuru piemiņas diena

Burning of the Great Choral Synagogue in Riga in 1941. [34]
Lithuania 23 September Day of the Genocide of Lithuania's Jews
Lietuvos žydų genocido diena 		Anniversary of the liquidation of the Vilnius ghetto in 1943.
Luxembourg 27 January Holocaust Memorial Day

(French: journée internationale dédiée à la mémoire des victimes de l’Holocauste; German: internationalen Tag des Gedenkens an die Opfer des Holocausts)

[35]
Netherlands last Sunday of January Holocaust Memorial Day

(Dutch: Nationale Holocaust Herdenking)

Anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz on 27 January 1945. [36]
Poland 27 January International Day of Commemoration in Memory of the Victims of the Holocaust Anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz on 27 January 1945. [37]
Portugal 27 January Holocaust Remembrance Day

(Portuguese: Dia Internacional da Memória do Holocausto)

There is a Museum of Holocaust in Porto (Museu do Holocausto do Porto). [38][39]
Romania 9 October National Day of Commemorating the Holocaust
(Romanian: Ziua Naţională de Comemorare a Holocaustului) 		Beginning of deportations of Romanian Jews to Transnistria Governorate in 1941. [40]
Slovakia 9 September Holocaust Victims and Racial Hatred Day On 9 September 1941, Slovakia passed anti-Jewish laws based on the Nuremberg laws. [41]
Spain 27 January Day for Holocaust Remembrance and for the Prevention of Crimes against Humanity
(Spanish: Día Oficial de la Memoria del Holocausto y la Prevención de los Crímenes contra la Humanidad) 		Since 2004. [42]
Sweden 27 January Holocaust Remembrance Day
(Swedish: Förintelsens minnesdag) 		A national remembrance day every year since 1999. [43]
Switzerland 27 January International Day of Commemoration in Memory of the Victims of the Holocaust [44]
Ukraine 27 January Holocaust Memorial Day (Ukrainian: Міжнародний день пам’яті жертв Голокосту) Since 2020. [45][46]
United Kingdom 27 January Holocaust Memorial Day First held in January 2001 and on the same date every year since. [47]
United States from 20 April through 27 April 2025 Days of Remembrance of the Victims of the Holocaust [48]
  • In January 2020, a ceremony was held at Auschwitz to mark the 75th anniversary of its liberation on 27 January 1945.[49] this included speeches by numerous officials and Jewish communal leaders. Large number of Holocaust survivors attended this ceremony.[50][51] In the UK, government officials, religious leaders and community leaders gathered in London to commemorate this anniversary.[52] On the same date, German police reported they were investigating the sales of a brand of beer with Nazi-style symbols on its label.[53]
  • In 2021 a number of Jewish organizations in the United Kingdom incorporated the situation in Xinjiang into their Holocaust Memorial Day remembrances and commemorations.[54]
  • In February 2025, Google announced that Holocaust Remembrance Days would no longer be highlighted by default on Google Calendar, arguing that it was no longer "scalable or sustainable" to continue adding the growing number of national and international "cultural moments" manually to its calendars.[55]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Remembering the unfathomable". Press and Information Office of the Federal Government.
  2. ^ "International Day of Commemoration in memory of the victims of the Holocaust". UN. Retrieved 18 January 2025.
  3. ^ Holocaust remembrance at www.UN.org.
  4. ^ "Country resources". Council of Europe.
  5. ^ "Australia marks International Holocaust Remembrance Day". SBS. Retrieved 26 January 2026.
  6. ^ "Gedenkveranstaltung gegen Gewalt und Rassismus im Gedenken an die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus". Parliament of Austria.
  7. ^ "27 janvier : Journée internationale de commémoration de la mémoire des victimes de l'Holocauste". SPF Chancellerie du Premier Ministre (in French).
  8. ^ Bulgaria marks its Holocaust Remembrance day, The Sofia Echo, 10 March 2011 (retrieved 10 October 2013)
  9. ^ Documents: Acts at www.qp.Alberta.ca
  10. ^ "Holocaust Memorial Day Act". www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved 29 January 2025.
  11. ^ "Documents: Acts".
  12. ^ "An Act to Proclaim Holocaust Memorial Day Yom haShoah in New Brunswick - Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick". www.legnb.ca. Retrieved 29 January 2025.
  13. ^ "SNL2000 CHAPTER H-4.1 - HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL DAY ACT".
  14. ^ "Holocaust Memorial Day Act". nslegislature.ca. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  15. ^ "Bill 66, Holocaust Memorial Day Act, 1998 - Legislative Assembly of Ontario". www.ola.org. Retrieved 29 January 2025.
  16. ^ "Holocaust memorial day act" (PDF). www.princeedwardisland.ca.
  17. ^ "- Act to proclaim Holocaust-Yom Hashoah Memorial Day in Québec". www.legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca. Retrieved 29 January 2025.
  18. ^ "The Holocaust Memorial Day Act" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 December 2016.
  19. ^ d.o.o, Globaldizajn. "Govt: Remembrance of victims, condemnation of Holocaust part of Croatia's culture of memory". vlada.gov.hr.
  20. ^ s.r.o. (www.nux.cz), Nux; Praze, Židovské muzeum v. "Den památky obětí holocaustu a předcházení zločinům proti lidskosti | Židovské muzeum v Praze". www.jewishmuseum.cz.
  21. ^ "Auschwitzdag den 27/1 | Jødisk Informationscenter".
  22. ^ "Täna tähistatakse holokausti ja teiste inimsusevastaste kuritegude ohvrite mälestuspäeva". Haridus- ja Teadusministeerium (in Estonian).
  23. ^ "January 27 – International Holocaust Remembrance Day | Ministry of Foreign Affairs". vm.ee. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  24. ^ "Holokaustin uhrien muistopäivä". Ihmisoikeuskeskus / Människorättscentret / Human Rights Centre.
  25. ^ "16 et 17 juillet 1942, la rafle du Vel d'Hiv". Le Mémorial de la Shoah.
  26. ^ "27 janvier : journée de la mémoire des génocides et de la prévention des crimes contre l'humanité". Ministère de l'Education Nationale et de la Jeunesse (in French). Retrieved 17 April 2020.
  27. ^ "27. Januar – Tag des Gedenkens an die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus" (in German).
  28. ^ "Αναζήτηση". www.hellenicparliament.gr (in Greek). Archived from the original on 4 June 2023. Retrieved 29 January 2025.
  29. ^ "Megemlékezés a holokauszt magyarországi áldozatairól". Megemlékezés a holokauszt magyarországi áldozatairól. 16 April 2020.
  30. ^ "április 16". USC Shoah Foundation.
  31. ^ "President delivers keynote address at Holocaust Memorial Day". President of Ireland.
  32. ^ "Remembrance Day Calendar". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Archived from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 24 February 2014.
  33. ^ "GIORNATA DELLA MEMORIA". Ministero della cultura.
  34. ^ "Latvia remembers victims of Holocaust". eng.lsm.lv. 4 July 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  35. ^ "Holocaust Remembrance Day 2026". Lux Film Festival.
  36. ^ "National Holocaust Remembrance Day observed in the Netherlands". 26 January 2026.
  37. ^ "International Holocaust Remembrance Day". Website of the Republic of Poland.
  38. ^ "International Holocaust Day Marked by Students and Communities Around the World - The Portuguese Jewish News". portuguesejewishnews.com.
  39. ^ "Dia Internacional da Memória do Holocausto". Enciclopédia do Holocausto.
  40. ^ "9 octombrie – Ziua Națională de Comemorare a Victimelor Holocaustului din România". Ministerul Culturii.
  41. ^ "Slovakia commemorated Holocaust Victims and Racial Hatred Day". spectator.sme.sk. 11 September 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
  42. ^ "Día de la Memoria del Holocausto y Prevención de los Crímenes contra la Humanidad". 26 January 2014.
  43. ^ "Förintelsens minnesdag - Forum för levande historia". www.levandehistoria.se.
  44. ^ Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. "Switzerland commemorates the victims of the Holocaust". Switzerland. Retrieved 18 January 2026.
  45. ^ "For first time, Ukrainian Parliament marks int'l Holocaust Remembrance Da | The Jerusalem Post". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 18 January 2020.
  46. ^ "27 січня – Міжнародний день пам'яті жертв Голокосту" 27 sichnya – Mizhnarodnij den' pam"jati zhertv Holokostu [January 27 – International Holocaust Remembrance Day]. Ukrainian Rada.
  47. ^ "About us". Holocaust Memorial Day Trust (HMDT).
  48. ^ Trump, J. Donald (23 April 2025). "Days of Remembrance of Victims of the Holocaust, 2025".
  49. ^ "Auschwitz: How death camp became centre of Nazi Holocaust". BBC. 23 January 2020.
  50. ^ "Auschwitz 75 years on: Holocaust Day prompts new anti-Semitism warnings". BBC. 27 January 2020. Holocaust survivors and international leaders are honouring victims of the Nazis at the former Auschwitz death camp, amid calls to fight resurgent anti-Semitism. The presidents of Israel and Poland - Reuven Rivlin and Andrzej Duda - laid wreaths together, 75 years after Soviet troops liberated the camp
  51. ^ Auschwitz 75th anniversary ceremony. Events are being held to mark the 75th anniversary of the liberation of the Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland. BBC, 27 Jan 2020.
  52. ^ Leaders and royals gather for UK Holocaust Memorial Day event. Senior royals, faith and political leaders are gathering in Westminster to commemorate International Holocaust Memorial Day.The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge are joining Prime Minister Boris Johnson at the event, which comes 75 years after Auschwitz was liberated. The duke will give a reading and the couple will speak to survivors of the Holocaust and more recent genocides. BBC, 27 Jan 2020.
  53. ^ German police probe Nazi-style beer brand, BBC, 27 Jan 2020.
  54. ^ Child, David. "Holocaust Memorial Day: Jewish figures condemn Uighur persecution". www.aljazeera.com. Al Jazeera. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  55. ^ Peters, Jay (11 February 2025). "Google Calendar removed events like Pride and BHM because its holiday list wasn't 'sustainable'". The Verge. Retrieved 11 February 2025.

Further reading

allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocaust_memorial_days