Hair plexus

Hair plexus.

A hair plexus or root hair plexus is a special group of nerve fiber endings and serves as a very sensitive mechanoreceptor for touch sensation.[1][2]

Hair contains a number of different types of nerve endings.[3] They are specialized for the detection of different kinds of stimuli and thus different types of neuron innervate these structures within the skin.[4][3] In particular there are neurons innervating the hair that detect deflection of the hair (i.e. to detect stroking), and pulling of the hair (i.e. noxious stimuli).[4][5]

The hair follicles are innervated by at least 5 classes of low threshold mechanical receptors.

They are mechanoreceptors conveying touch sensation with cell bodies located inside of either dorsal root ganglia or trigeminal root ganglia.[6] For most of the body (excluding the head and neck), crude touch and noxious stimuli from these receptors are further conveyed by the spinothalamic tract[7] whereas discriminative and light touch are conveyed to via the dorsal column medial lemniscus pathway.[8] The head and neck use pathways involving the spinal trigeminal nucleus.[9][10]

References

  1. ^ OpenStax (2022). "5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin". Anatomy and Physiology 2e. OpenStax. Retrieved 2026-02-04.
  2. ^ OpenStax (2022). "14.1 Sensory Perception". Anatomy and Physiology 2e. OpenStax. Retrieved 2026-02-04.
  3. ^ a b Whitehead, Christine; Grider, Michael H. (2023), "Neuroanatomy, Touch Receptor", StatPearls [Internet], StatPearls Publishing, retrieved 2026-02-04
  4. ^ a b Li, Lishi; Ginty, David D. (February 25, 2014). "The structure and organization of lanceolate mechanosensory complexes at mouse hair follicles". eLife. 3 e01901. doi:10.7554/eLife.01901. PMC 3930909.
  5. ^ Ghitani, Nima; Barik, Arnab; Szczot, Marcin; et al. (August 16, 2017). "Specialized mechanosensory nociceptors mediating rapid responses to hair-pull". Neuron. 95 (4): 944–954.e4. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.07.024. PMC 5599122. PMID 28817806.
  6. ^ Handler, Annie; Ginty, David D. (September 2021). "The mechanosensory neurons of touch and their mechanisms of activation". Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 22 (9): 521–537. doi:10.1038/s41583-021-00489-x. ISSN 1471-003X. PMC 8485761. PMID 34312536.
  7. ^ Purves, Dale; Augustine, George J.; Fitzpatrick, David; Katz, Lawrence C.; LaMantia, Anthony-Samuel; McNamara, James O.; Williams, S. Mark (2001), "Central Pain Pathways: The Spinothalamic Tract", Neuroscience. 2nd edition, Sinauer Associates, retrieved 2024-08-18
  8. ^ Purves, Dale; Augustine, George J.; Fitzpatrick, David; Katz, Lawrence C.; LaMantia, Anthony-Samuel; McNamara, James O.; Williams, S. Mark (2001), "The Major Afferent Pathway for Mechanosensory Information: The Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscus System", Neuroscience. 2nd edition, Sinauer Associates, retrieved 2024-08-18
  9. ^ "Somatosensory Pathways (Section 2, Chapter 4)". Neuroscience Online: An Electronic Textbook for the Neurosciences. Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston. Retrieved 2026-02-04.
  10. ^ Price, Shmuel; Daly, Daniel T. (2023), "Neuroanatomy, Trigeminal Nucleus", StatPearls [Internet], StatPearls Publishing, retrieved 2026-02-04
allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_follicle_receptors