This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or fewer.
You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States.
Note that a few countries have copyright terms longer than 70 years: Mexico has 100 years, Jamaica has 95 years, Colombia has 80 years, and Guatemala and Samoa have 75 years. This image may not be in the public domain in these countries, which moreover do not implement the rule of the shorter term. Honduras has a general copyright term of 75 years, but it does implement the rule of the shorter term. Copyright may extend on works created by French who died for France in World War II (more information), Russians who served in the Eastern Front of World War II (known as the Great Patriotic War in Russia) and posthumously rehabilitated victims of Soviet repressions (more information).
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This work was first published in the Philippines and is now in the public domain because its copyright protection has expired. The work meets one of the criteria below.
It is an anonymous or pseudonymous work and 50 years have passed since the year of its publication or (if unpublished) making;
It is an audiovisual or photographic work and 50 years have passed since the year of its publication or (if unpublished) making;
It is a work of applied art and 25 years have passed since the year of its making; or
It is another kind of work, and 50 years have passed since the year of death of the author (or last-surviving author).
It is a work made or published before November 14, 1972. By virtue of the Act No. 3134 (1924) and the Memorandum Circular No. 021-2023 which provides for non-retroactivity of any copyright extension that has occurred since 1972:
It is a work with registered copyright and this copyright was not renewed, and 30 years have passed since the year of its copyright registration;
It is a work in series or having several volumes or component parts registered at intervals, and 40 years have passed since the year the copyright for the first series or volume or component part has been registered; or
It is a work in which its copyright registration was renewed, and 50 years have passed since the death of the author.
Important note: Works of foreign (non-U.S.) origin must be out of copyright or freely licensed in both their home country and the United States in order to be accepted on Commons. Works of Philippine origin that have entered the public domain in the U.S. due to certain circumstances (such as publication in noncompliance with U.S. copyright formalities) may have had their U.S. copyright restored under the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (URAA) if the work was under copyright in its country of origin on the date that the URAA took effect in that country. (For the Philippines, the URAA took effect on January 1, 1996.)
You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States.
Note that this work might not be in the public domain in countries that do not apply the rule of the shorter term and have copyright terms longer than life of the author plus 50 years. In particular, Mexico is 100 years, Jamaica is 95 years, Colombia is 80 years, Guatemala and Samoa are 75 years, Switzerland and the United States are 70 years, and Venezuela is 60 years.
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