tert-Butylamine (also erbumine and other names) is an organic chemical compound with the formula (CH3)3CNH2. It is a colorless liquid with a typical amine-like odor. tert-Butylamine is one of the four isomeric amines of butane, the others being n-butylamine, sec-butylamine and isobutylamine.
Preparation
tert-Butylamine is produced commercially by direct amination of isobutylene using zeolite catalysts:
- NH3 + CH2=C(CH3)2 → H2NC(CH3)3
The Ritter reaction of isobutene with hydrogen cyanide is not useful because it produces too much waste.[1]
- (CH3)2C=CH2 + HCN + H2O → (CH3)3CNHCHO
- (CH3)3CNHCHO + H2O → (CH3)3CNH2 + HCO2H
In the laboratory, it can be prepared by the hydrogenolysis of 2,2-dimethylethylenimine, or via tert-butylphthalimide.[2]
Uses
tert-Butylamine is used as an intermediate in the preparation of the sulfenamides such as N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide and N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazylsulfenimide. As rubber accelerators, these compounds modify the rate of vulcanization of rubber. A variety of pesticides are derived from this amine, including terbacil, terbutryn, and terbumeton.
In pharmacology under the name erbumine, tert-butylamine has been used as a counterion in drug substances such as perindopril erbumine.
See also
References
- ^ Eller, Karsten; Henkes, Erhard; Rossbacher, Roland; Höke, Hartmut (2000). "Amines, Aliphatic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a02_001. ISBN 3527306730.
- ^ Kenneth N. Campbell, Armiger H. Sommers, Barbara K. Campbell (1947). "tert-Butylamine". Organic Syntheses. 47: 12. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.027.0012.
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