Uudiseid, ajalugu, ilm ja nalja kah!

Ajalugu, Täna ajaloos

TÄNA AJALOOS, 11. juuli ⟩ Avati Tallinna teletorn

RSS juuli 11, 2026juuli 11, 2026

Les cinq codes (English: the five codes) was a set of legal codes established under Napoléon I between 1804 and 1810^[1]:

Code civil (1804), the first and best known
Code de procédure civile (1806)
Code de commerce (1807)
Code d’instruction criminelle (1808)
Code pénal (1810).

References

↑ Les Cinq Codes de l'Empire Français [The Five Codes of the French Empire] (in French). Legare Street Press. 2023-07-18. ISBN 9781021430137.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)

French criminal law

code, law, or procedure in: Belgium
Finland
Denmark:
- code
- law
England
EU
Germany
Ireland
Italy
Portugal
Russia
Scotland
Spain
Switzerland

Sources of the law	Constitution of France Constitutional block ECHR Fundamental laws of the Kingdom of France Old French law French customary law^[fr] TFEU
Codes and documents	Criminal Ordinance of 1670 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen Penal Code of 1791 Code of Offences and Penalties Five Codes Code of criminal procedure of 1808 [fr] Penal Code of 1810 Code of criminal procedure Penal code of 1994
People	Robert Badinter Cesare Beccaria Élisabeth Guigou Montesquieu Le Pelletier de Saint-Fargeau
Institutions	Maréchaussée Presidial court Gendarmerie nationale National Police

Participants

Judiciary	Correctional court Court of Assize Court of appeal Court of Cassation EU Court of Justice European Court of Human Rights Jurisdictional dualism Local court [fr] Police court Sentence Enforcement Court [fr]
Other	Ministère public Public prosecutor [fr] Investigating judge Judicial police Directorate Liberty and custody judge [fr] Sentence enforcement judge [fr] Judiciary of France

Codes	Penal code Criminal procedure
Classes	Contravention Délit [fr] Crime [fr]
Components [fr]	Principle of legality Material element [fr] Moral element [fr]
Aggravating and mitigating factors	Aggravating circumstances [fr] Recidivism [fr] Premeditation [fr] Personal vulnerability [fr] Mitigating circumstances [fr]
Examples	Crime in France List of crimes [fr] Assassination Biens mal acquis Accessory [fr] Murder Rape [fr] Theft [fr]

Criminal
procedure

Guiding principles	Accused person (prévenu) [fr] Criminal responsibility Culpability Evidence [fr] Code Jurisprudence [fr] Presumption of innocence [fr] Guigou law [fr] Reasonable doubt in France Systems: Adversarial system in France [fr] Inquisitorial system Statute of limitations [fr]
Modes	Civil action [fr] Public action
Actions	Complaint [fr] Police custody [fr] Police investigation [fr] Prosecution Prosecutorial discretion Criminalization [fr] Qualification [fr] Judicial investigation [fr] Indictment [fr] Warrant [fr] Search warrant [fr] Court supervision [fr] Preventive detention [fr]
Roles	Magistrate [fr] Public prosecutor [fr] Investigating judge Jury [fr] Liberty and custody judge [fr] Sentence enforcement judge [fr]
Redress	Appeal [fr] Opposition [fr] Cassation [fr] Review and reexamination [fr] European Court of Human Rights

Punishment [fr]

Basics	Main penalty [fr] Peine complémentaire [fr] Minimum sentence Suspended sentence [fr] Early release [fr] Acquittal [fr] Parole [fr] Prison [fr] Rehabilitation [fr] Penalty order [fr] Prison administration [fr]
Penalties	Reprimand Fines [fr] Day-fine Capital punishment Guillotine Citizenship training [fr] Coercion [fr] Community service [fr] Punishment and redress [fr] Imprisonment [fr] Civil rights restrictions [fr] Electronic monitoring [fr] Stay (sursis) [fr] Criminal imprisonment (réclusion) [fr]

Education and

publishing	Dalloz Documentation française National School for the Judiciary (ENM) Journal officiel Legifrance

Overviews	History Timeline Political history Military history Language Economic Foreign relations Colonialism Journalism Liberalism and radicalism
Regions	History of Brittany History of Normandy
Ancient	Prehistory Greek colonies Celtic Gaul Roman Gaul
Middle Ages	Visigothic Kingdom Francia West Francia Middle Ages Kingdom of France Fundamental laws
Early Modern	Early modern era House of Bourbon Absolute monarchy Ancien Régime Wars of Religion Thirty Years' War Peace of Westphalia Second Hundred Years' War Louis XIV War of the Spanish Succession Diplomatic Revolution of 1756 Seven Years' War
Revolution	French Revolution Napoleonic era First Republic First Empire
Late Modern	Long nineteenth century Restoration July Monarchy Revolution of 1848 Second Republic Coup of 2 December 1851 Second Empire Government of National Defense Third Republic Belle Époque World War I Interwar Années folles World War II Vichy France Free France Liberation Provisional Government
Contemporary	1900 to present Fourth Republic Algerian War Fifth Republic May 68 2005 riots Great Recession 2015 Paris attacks 2017 presidential election COVID-19 pandemic 2021 labor protests 2022 presidential election

Abortion Birth control Censorship Corruption Crime Demographics Education Health care Homelessness Immigration Life expectancy People Poverty Religion secularism Racism Social class Welfare
Culture	Anthem Architecture Art Coat of arms Cinema Cuisine Cultural icons Fashion Flag Gardens Language Libraries Literature Media Music Philosophy Public holidays Sport History Symbols Theatre

Outline

References

allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_Codes

Lisa kommentaar Tühista vastus

Tänane ilm Tallinnas

Pühapäev, 16.08.2026

Öö

🌧️

18 °C

Mõõdukas hoogvihm

Muutliku pilvisusega ilm. Mitmel pool sajab hoovihma. Puhub lõunakaare tuul 2-8, saartel ja läänerannikul lõuna- ja edelatuul puhanguti kuni 13 m/s, hommikul pöördub tuul saartel läände. Õhutemperatuur on 14..19°C.

Päev

🌦️

22 °C

Nõrk hoogvihm

Muutliku pilvisusega ilm. Mitmel pool sajab hoovihma, kohati on võimalik äike. Puhub edela- ja läänetuul, ennelõunal mandril ka lõunatuul 4-10, puhanguti 13, rannikul kuni 16 m/s. Õhutemperatuur on 19..24, Ida-Eestis kuni 26°C.

Koppelmaa

Koppelmaa

06:10, 16/08/2026

17°C

hajanaisia pilviä

80 %

1003 mb

13 Km/h

Wind Gust: 0 Km/h

Clouds: 83%

Visibility: 10 km

Sunrise: 05:39

Sunset: 21:11

Hourly Forecast

09:00

18°/18°°C 1 mm 100% 20 Km/h 82% 1003 mb 0 mm/h

12:00

20°/21°°C 0 mm 0% 23 Km/h 68% 1002 mb 0 mm/h

15:00

21°/21°°C 0 mm 0% 30 Km/h 65% 1002 mb 0 mm/h

18:00

20°/20°°C 0 mm 0% 30 Km/h 75% 1002 mb 0 mm/h

21:00

17°/17°°C 0.2 mm 20% 27 Km/h 85% 1002 mb 0 mm/h

00:00

16°/16°°C 0.39 mm 39% 27 Km/h 88% 1001 mb 0 mm/h

03:00

16°/16°°C 1 mm 100% 32 Km/h 91% 1001 mb 0 mm/h

06:00

16°/16°°C 0.99 mm 99% 27 Km/h 88% 1001 mb 0 mm/h