Jurisdiction (area)

For powers of courts and public authority, see Jurisdiction.

A jurisdiction is the legal authority of a court, government, or other entity to make and enforce laws within a defined area.[1][2][3]

Each state in a federation—such as Australia, Germany, and the United States—forms a separate jurisdiction. Certain laws, however, may be uniform across the constituent states and enforced by federal courts, resulting in a single jurisdiction for those purposes.

A jurisdiction may also prosecute individuals for crimes committed outside its territory if the perpetrator returns.[4] Citizens from other jurisdictions can sometimes be extradited to a jurisdiction where the act is illegal, even if it occurred elsewhere.[5][6]

Unitary states usually constitute a single jurisdiction. Notable exceptions include the United Kingdom, which has three separate legal systems: England and Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.[a] China also has separate jurisdictions for Hong Kong and Macao.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Devolution in Wales means some legislation applies only to England or Wales.

References

  1. ^ Lehman, Jeffrey; Phelps, Shirelle (2005). West's Encyclopedia of American Law, Vol. 6 (2 ed.). Detroit: Thomson/Gale. p. 293. ISBN 9780787663742.
  2. ^ Declining jurisdiction in private international law : reports to the XIVth Congress of the International Academy of Comparative Law, Athens, August 1994. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1995. ISBN 019825959X.
  3. ^ Acheson, Nicholas V.; Williamson, Arthur P. (January 2007). "Civil society in multi-level public policy: the case of Ireland's two jurisdictions". Policy & Politics. 35 (1). Policy Press: 25. doi:10.1332/030557307779657711.
  4. ^ Surdin, Ashley (2009-09-01). "3 Americans Charged With Traveling to Cambodia for Sex With Children". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2018-03-11.
  5. ^ "Copyright Infringement: British Man Faces Extradition To U.S." Deadline. 2012-01-14. Retrieved 2018-03-11.
  6. ^ "New web law - Man extradited to foreign prison for web site content". www.dba-oracle.com. Archived from the original on 2023-01-31. Retrieved 2018-03-11.

Further reading

  • Beale, Joseph H. (1935) A Treatise on the Conflict of Laws. ISBN 1-58477-425-8
  • Dicey & Morris. (1993) The Conflict of Laws 12th edition. London: Sweet & Maxwell Ltd. (pp26/30) ISBN 0-420-48280-6
  • McClean, David. (2000). Morris: The Conflict of Laws. London: Sweet & Maxwell Ltd. ISBN 0-421-66160-7


allikas: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_(law)