In Wikipedia, verifiability is one of the cornerstones. You started to add unsourced (and likely incorrect) information to Tbilisi. When I undid the changes, you started edit-warring and failed to address the issue. You have already inserted this information three times and did not show any ability to communicate. If you continue, I will make sure that your account is blocked. Additionally, we do not wikify years.--Ymblanter (talk) 16:51, 26 August 2018 (UTC)[reply]

I started an ANI topic about you Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents#Lasha-george: adding unsourced information and failure to communicate, please respond there.--Ymblanter (talk) 17:25, 26 August 2018 (UTC)[reply]

Hello. Thank you for your contributions to Wikipedia.

When editing Wikipedia, there is a field labeled "Edit summary" below the main edit box. It looks like this:

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You have been blocked indefinitely from editing for persistently adding unsourced or poorly sourced content.

If you think there are good reasons for being unblocked, please read the guide to appealing blocks, then add the following text below the block notice on your talk page: {{unblock|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}.  Swarm ♠ 04:29, 27 August 2018 (UTC)[reply]

This user's unblock request has been reviewed by an administrator, who declined the request. Other administrators may also review this block, but should not override the decision without good reason (see the blocking policy).

Lasha-george (block log • active blocks • global blocks • contribs • deleted contribs • filter log • creation log • change block settings • unblock • checkuser (log))

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Request reason:

Hello. First of all I want to express my respect for you, the reason of my blocking was caused by my actions concerning the establishment of Tbilisi. According to your information Tbilisi was established in 479 which is not true. The year is mentioned in Georgian Wikipedia as well, but in 379 Tbilisi was established as a fortress. (Moses Janashvili: "Tfilisi". page 6 and 8.): In the life of “Kartli” we read: “Persians came to Armenia and they destroyed everything there. They came to Kartli. The Persian leader built Tbilisi between gates as a fortess of Mtskheta” and also, “So, firstly Tbilisi was a village and then it was changesd into a fortess (in 379) and after that in Vakhtang Gorgasali times Tbilisi became a city.” According to the true source Tbilisi was established by Vakhtang Gorgasali in 455. ([http://dspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/191351/1/Konspeqti_Saqartvelos_Itoriidan.pdf Passage from the history of Georgia. I’m going to translate this passage accurately and insert it in here. Let’s see what will come out of this. (P.S. It is still very interesting where the year 479 comes from, the source is not mentioned in English Wikipedia.) I hope you will think over and unblock me:-).--Lasha-george (talk) 17:38, 4 February 2019 (UTC)[reply]

Decline reason:

Procedural decline. This request has been open for two weeks and not been sufficiently convincing for an administrator to unblock. You are free to make another, more convincing request that addresses the reason for the block. 331dot (talk) 14:15, 19 February 2019 (UTC)[reply]

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If you want to make any further unblock requests, please read the guide to appealing blocks first, then use the {{unblock}} template again. If you make too many unconvincing or disruptive unblock requests, you may be prevented from editing this page until your block has expired. Do not remove this unblock review while you are blocked.

• You need to add sources and communicate. Both of these things are required. Are you capable of doing these things? If not, you won't get another chance. See WP:V and WP:COMMUNICATE. If you have any questions, go to WP:TEAHOUSE. ~Swarm~ {talk} 23:20, 6 February 2019 (UTC)[reply]
  • I will note, I will definitely add sources later. I will also contact you if you will reduce the permanent block. Sincerely:--Lasha-george (talk) 14:47, 3 June 2020 (UTC)[reply]
    • The reason for my blockage was the editing of the Tbilisi page, which I considered to be the source in the year of its establishment (455 years). Currently the source is indicated on this page and this problem is corrected, which was the reason for my "life blockage" (There was no source that Tbilisi was founded in 479 (I wrote about this above).).--Lasha-george (talk) 14:57, 3 June 2020 (UTC)[reply]

This user's unblock request has been reviewed by an administrator, who declined the request. Other administrators may also review this block, but should not override the decision without good reason (see the blocking policy).

Lasha-george (block log • active blocks • global blocks • contribs • deleted contribs • filter log • creation log • change block settings • unblock • checkuser (log))

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Request reason:

I would like to inform you that I sincerely regret the work of editing and editing articles. Now I have learned the rules and I am completely free to do so, I promise my previous commitments will never be repeated. I apologize and hope you have forgiveness.

Decline reason:

I am declining your unblock request because it does not address the reason for your block, or because it is inadequate for other reasons. To be unblocked, you must convince the reviewing administrator(s) that

• the block is not necessary to prevent damage or disruption to Wikipedia, or
• the block is no longer necessary because you
  1. understand what you have been blocked for,
  2. will not continue to cause damage or disruption, and
  3. will make useful contributions instead.

Please read the guide to appealing blocks for more information. Yamla (talk) 11:48, 27 February 2020 (UTC)[reply]

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If you want to make any further unblock requests, please read the guide to appealing blocks first, then use the {{unblock}} template again. If you make too many unconvincing or disruptive unblock requests, you may be prevented from editing this page until your block has expired. Do not remove this unblock review while you are blocked.

This user's unblock request has been reviewed by an administrator, who declined the request. Other administrators may also review this block, but should not override the decision without good reason (see the blocking policy).

Lasha-george (block log • active blocks • global blocks • contribs • deleted contribs • filter log • creation log • change block settings • unblock • checkuser (log))

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Request reason:

Maybe 3 months or 1 year... Infinitely? This is an injustice:-)

My request is to unblock me because I don't agree with the indefinite block. I assure you not to edit any texts without refering the sourse. I am a Georgian Wikipedia editor and the reason of my request is that only.--Lasha-george (talk) 15:15, 25 May 2020 (UTC)[reply]

The reason for my blockage was the editing of the Tbilisi page, which I considered to be the source in the year of its establishment (455 years). Currently the source is indicated on this page and this problem is corrected, which was the reason for my "life blockage" (There was no source that Tbilisi was founded in 479 (I wrote about this above).).--Lasha-george (talk) 14:57, 3 June 2020 (UTC)[reply]

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If you want to make any further unblock requests, please read the guide to appealing blocks first, then use the {{unblock}} template again. If you make too many unconvincing or disruptive unblock requests, you may be prevented from editing this page until your block has expired. Do not remove this unblock review while you are blocked.

Hello, I noticed that you may have recently made edits to User talk:Swarm while logged out. Wikipedia's policy on multiple accounts usually does not allow the use of both an account and an IP address by the same person in the same setting and doing so may result in your account being blocked from editing. Additionally, making edits while logged out reveals your IP address, which may allow others to determine your location and identity. If this was not your intention, please remember to log in when editing. Do not use an IP or create another username while blocked. If you want to notify an editor you can tag them in your post here. AdamF in MO (talk) 23:14, 10 June 2020 (UTC)[reply]

You can use learn about how to mention another editor at ping. I would suggest that you use it sparingly. Spamming the ping will result in having your talkpage access removed. I would also suggest that you reflect on why you were blocked. What you can do to prevent that in the future, and what how you would like to work in a collaborative way in the future. Read the guide to appealing blocks thoughtfully and you'll find a reasonable path back to full status. --AdamF in MO (talk) 23:20, 10 June 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I asked for a block reduction ... As for logging in without an IP address, it was done with the intention of writing to me directly for my blocker.--Lasha-george (talk) 06:53, 11 June 2020 (UTC)[reply]

No worries, just submit an acceptable unblock request. Exactly how to do this is explained here, just like Adam said. This block is not permanent, it just doesn't have an expiration date and requires you to submit an acceptable unblock request in order to be unblocked. ~Swarm~ ^{sting} 03:27, 12 June 2020 (UTC)[reply]

thank you very much. I will try my best to unblock it.--Lasha-george (talk) 10:04, 12 June 2020 (UTC)[reply]

This user's unblock request has been reviewed by an administrator, who declined the request. Other administrators may also review this block, but should not override the decision without good reason (see the blocking policy).

Lasha-george (block log • active blocks • global blocks • contribs • deleted contribs • filter log • creation log • change block settings • unblock • checkuser (log))

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Request reason:

Hello. The reason for my blockage was the editing of the Tbilisi page, which I considered to be the source in the year of its establishment (455 years). Currently the source is indicated on this page and this problem is corrected, which was the reason for my "life blockage" (There was no source that Tbilisi was founded in 479 (I wrote about this above).), But I am aware of my misconduct, which was expressed in the source. This source's failure was the reason, which led to the corresponding result, blocking. Gratitude I would be grateful if block moments so far as the reason why dagviloce realize that was a mistake and it will not happen again. Lasha-george (talk) 12:52 pm, 12 June 2020, Friday (20 days ago) (UTC+2)

Decline reason:

PROCEDURAL DECLINE: new unblock request posted below. Please, do not make more than one open unblock request at the same time. Vanjagenije (talk) 22:24, 2 July 2020 (UTC)[reply]

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If you want to make any further unblock requests, please read the guide to appealing blocks first, then use the {{unblock}} template again. If you make too many unconvincing or disruptive unblock requests, you may be prevented from editing this page until your block has expired. Do not remove this unblock review while you are blocked.

This user's unblock request has been reviewed by an administrator, who accepted the request.

Lasha-george (block log • active blocks • global blocks • contribs • deleted contribs • filter log • creation log • change block settings • unblock • checkuser (log))

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Request reason:

The reason for my indefinite blocking was the reference on the Tbilisi wiki page, the date of the establishment of Tbilisi (AD 455) without a source (კონსპექტი საქართველოს ისტორიიდან შედგენილი ა. ქუთათელაძისგან. რვეული I. თბილისი, სტამბა წიგნების გამომცემელ ქართველთა ამხანაგობისა, 1900. გვერდი 38.). We further cited the source without logging in, as the indefinite block did not allow me to log in. Lasha-george (talk) 10:12 am, 24 June 2020, Wednesday (10 days ago) (UTC+2)

Accept reason:

Blocking admin is not answering, so I'll take this as a sing of approval. I am unblocking you under that understanding that you will not add unsourced content and that you will not be edit-warring. Vanjagenije (talk) 06:52, 14 July 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Lasha-george: The real reason behind your blocked is not the problem with the source, but the fact that you were WP:edit warring without willing to talk with other editors and resolve the issue. Wikipedia is a collaborative project, and mutual communication is mandatory here. You were just reverting the Tbilisi article to your preferred version without any communication. That's the problem and you have to address that problem before we can unblock you. You have to explain us how you plan to change your behavior if unblocked. Swarm asked you a question (above) more than a year ago, but I still do not see the answer. Vanjagenije (talk) 22:31, 2 July 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Once again I apologize for the past mistake. There will be no vandalism on my part, I can tell you with absolute certainty, I give you my word. I would rather attribute my initial inexperience to not communicating with you. You wrote and I didn’t answer, it was a mistake and it won’t happen again. In case of any correction, I will definitely communicate on the review page. I would be very grateful if you could help me, and I will follow the rules of Wikipedia. Thank you so much Vanjagenije! I hope for further cooperation!--Lasha-george (talk) 07:26, 4 July 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I did not mention WP:vandalism, I said the problem was WP:edit warring. Do you understand the difference? Do you understand what edit warring is? Vanjagenije (talk) 07:54, 4 July 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Yes, yes folks I meant Vanjagenije. When I was re-editing, but I had no communication with the editors who contributed to the refinement of the article (Editors engaged in a dispute should reach consensus or pursue dispute resolution rather than edit warring.). Thanks for the feedback.--Lasha-george (talk) 08:25, 4 July 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Swarm: Do you object unblocking? Vanjagenije (talk) 08:33, 4 July 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Swarm:, @Vanjagenije: Thanks in advance for the support--Lasha-george (talk) 06:48, 14 July 2020 (UTC)[reply]

My apologies for not replying, Vanjagenije. No objections or further comments on my end. ~Swarm~ ^{sting} 05:14, 18 July 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. An automated process has detected that when you recently edited List of monarchs of Georgia, you added links pointing to the disambiguation pages Argus and Haik. Such links are usually incorrect, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of unrelated topics with similar titles. (Read the FAQ • Join us at the DPL WikiProject.)

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 05:58, 24 August 2021 (UTC)[reply]

Hi. Haos is Haik. See page: Togarmah, and pictures: Thargamos and his sons. The order of the figures from left to right is: Movakan, Bardos, Kartlos, Haos, Lekos, Thargamos, Caucas, Egros. An opening folio of the Georgian Chronicles. As for Argus (Arg): Referencess:

• 1. მ. გ. ჯანაშვილი „საქართველოს ისტორია უძველეს დროითგან 985 წლ. ქრ. შ.“. ტომი I. ა. შთამომავლობა ქართველების მეფეებისა. III ჩვენის ქრონოლოგიით. გვერდები: 379–381. ტფილისი, ელექტრონითმბეჭდავი ამხ. „შრომა“, მიხეილის პრ. № 65. 1906./ M. C. Janashvili “History of Georgia from ancient times 985 years. AD. ”. Volume I.a. Descendants of Georgian kings. III by our chronology. Pages: 379–381. Tbilisi (Georgia), electronically printed "Labor", Mikheil Pr. № 65. 1906;
• 2. See page: Phrixus, and His Offspring (Sons): Argus, Phrontis, Melas and Cytisorus. It is also in the history of Georgia mentioned by Mose Janashvili. I think the argument is solid and the reference to "disambiguation needed" should be deleted. Thanks for the feedback.--Lasha-george (talk) 06:49, 24 August 2021 (UTC)[reply]

This is just to let you know that the Wikimedia ZA AGM will be taking place on 25 September 2021 See below for more details.

• Time: Saturday, 25 September 2021, starts at 10:00 to 16:00. With intermission at 13:00
• Location: held digitally online this link

Hi Lasha-george! I noticed that you recently marked an edit as minor at Poet that may not have been. "Minor edit" has a very specific definition on Wikipedia – it refers only to superficial edits that could never be the subject of a dispute, such as typo corrections or reverting obvious vandalism. Any edit that changes the meaning of an article is not a minor edit, even if it only concerns a single word. Please see Help:Minor edit for more information. Thank you. SailingInABathTub (talk) 16:53, 24 December 2021 (UTC)[reply]

Ok SailingInABathTub, thank you. If you mean Shota Rustaveli (Poet), I have only added a picture and it is also quite clear that he is one of the (if the greatest) greatest poets not only in the history of Georgia.--Lasha-george (talk) 16:59, 24 December 2021 (UTC)[reply]

Hi, and thank you for your contributions to Wikipedia. It appears that you tried to give a page a different title by copying its content and pasting either the same content, or an edited version of it, into History of Iberia or Georgia, that is All of Sakartvelo. This is known as a "cut-and-paste move", and it is undesirable because it splits the page history, which is legally required for attribution. Instead, the software used by Wikipedia has a feature that allows pages to be moved to a new title together with their edit history.

In most cases for registered users, once your account is four days old and has ten edits, you should be able to move an article yourself using the "Move" tab at the top of the page (the tab may be hidden in a dropdown menu for you). This both preserves the page history intact and automatically creates a redirect from the old title to the new. If you cannot perform a particular page move yourself this way (e.g. because a page already exists at the target title), please follow the instructions at requested moves to have it moved by someone else. Also, if there are any other pages that you moved by copying and pasting, even if it was a long time ago, please list them at Wikipedia:Requests for history merge. Thank you. Liz ^{Read! Talk!} 02:08, 13 September 2022 (UTC)[reply]

Greetings with great respect. Thanks for the feedback and corrections. As for the sources, at the same time, the similar Georgian Wikipedia page also indicates the sources on the basis of which the page was created. Sources are also preserved in the National Library of Georgia.--Lasha-george (talk) 07:52, 15 September 2022 (UTC)[reply]

Thanks for uploading File:Kandid Charkviani.jpg. You don't seem to have said where the image came from, who created it, or what the copyright status is. We require this information to verify that the image is legally usable on Wikipedia, and because most image licenses require giving credit to the image's creator.

To add this information, click on this link, then click the "Edit" tab at the top of the page and add the information to the image's description. If you need help, post your question on Wikipedia:Media copyright questions.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:

• Wikipedia:Image use policy
• Wikipedia:Image copyright tags

Thank you for your cooperation. --ImageTaggingBot (talk) 15:30, 22 February 2023 (UTC)[reply]

კანდიდ ჩარკვიანი.--Lasha-george (talk) 16:18, 22 February 2023 (UTC)[reply]

ImageTaggingBot Maybe you can help me to legally register the said file in Wikipedia.--Lasha-george (talk) 15:50, 23 February 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Aliosha_Mirtskhulava is also a picture of the National Library...--Lasha-george (talk) 16:25, 23 February 2023 (UTC)[reply]

User:Lasha-george/sandbox, a page which you created or substantially contributed to, has been nominated for deletion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; you may participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Lasha-george/sandbox and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes (~~~~). You are free to edit the content of User:Lasha-george/sandbox during the discussion but should not remove the miscellany for deletion template from the top of the page; such a removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. Wesoree (Talk) 13:41, 11 April 2023 (UTC)[reply]

And why should it be deleted, the reason? Can't it be saved anywhere?--Lasha-george (talk) 16:19, 11 April 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Dear, I have been working on my training page for quite some time and will it hurt anything if I leave it?--Lasha-george (talk) 16:27, 11 April 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Nowhere in the rules does it say that the user can delete the exercise. Why is this being discussed, is something wrong? This is a restriction of rights. With respect--Lasha-george (talk) 16:32, 11 April 2023 (UTC)[reply]

User:Lasha-george - Please make your statement in the deletion discussion at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Lasha-george/sandbox. I have already made my statement that information in Georgian is a proper use of a sandbox. The place to make your statement is Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Lasha-george/sandbox. Robert McClenon (talk) 18:21, 11 April 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Hello! Voting in the 2023 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on Monday, 11 December 2023. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

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{{NoACEMM}} Lasha-george (talk) 14:46, 28 November 2023 (UTC)[reply]

An automated process has detected that when you recently edited Togarmah, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Heros.

(Opt-out instructions.) --DPL bot (talk) 06:05, 6 April 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Thank you! Note is provided. Lasha-george (talk) 08:56, 6 April 2024 (UTC)[reply]

A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Irakli Bagration-Imeretinsky is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Irakli Bagration-Imeretinsky until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

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Mccapra (talk) 21:52, 9 September 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Can't really look for more info than that. I, as the author of the article, considered it necessary to write the text with reference to a scarce source, however, I think that the decision to remove the article should be made by other users, because I, as the author of the article, believe that the article should remain and be improved. Lasha-george (talk) 10:06, 15 September 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Привет из ветви Давитишвили! статья хорошая. QartveliGenealogisti (talk) 15:36, 30 September 2024 (UTC)[reply]

All contributions to English Wikipedia should be in English, including edit summaries. It is not reasonable to expect editors of the English Wikipedia to be able to understand Georgian. JBW (talk) 16:21, 30 September 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Hello. Of course, I only write articles in English, but the page in question is in the exercise box, which is my personal work as a user and is not public or distributed publicly. It is possible that in the future I would like to translate it into English. Lasha-george (talk) 16:55, 30 September 2024 (UTC)[reply]

When I wrote my message above I had actually seen only the edit summaries, and not looked at the content of the page itself. No page on Wikipedia is an editor's private space, not even in userspace, and all editors should be able to see what is going on. JBW (talk) 20:12, 30 September 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Of course, viewing is not a problem.--Lasha-george (talk) 16:46, 1 October 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Hello! Voting in the 2024 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on Monday, 2 December 2024. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2024 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add {{NoACEMM}} to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:32, 19 November 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Lasha-george (talk) 15:08, 20 November 2024 (UTC)[reply]

I see that you have continued to edit in your userspace in Georgian. Is that preparation of work for Wikipedia in English, or are you using it as a work space for material for your own use, not for Wikipedia? JBW (talk) 20:55, 20 November 2024 (UTC)[reply]

I want to use it for Wikipedia space and need someone who is fluent in English, and I also don't want this page to be a candidate for deletion. Thanks (See also: My sandbox). Lasha-george (talk) 16:25, 21 November 2024 (UTC)[reply]

This page (User:Lasha-george/sandbox) should be named: Rulers of Georgia. Lasha-george (talk) 16:32, 21 November 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Unfortunately, I am permanently blocked from the Georgian Wikipedia and I really don't know who to tell to translate the material. Lasha-george (talk) 16:34, 21 November 2024 (UTC)[reply]

An automated process has detected that when you recently edited Mikheil Kavelashvili, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Georgia.

(Opt-out instructions.) --DPL bot (talk) 19:54, 19 December 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Yes, of course. I had to give the country a try. Lasha-george (talk) 18:53, 20 December 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Здравствуйте. Увидел Ваши правки на странице en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagration-Davitashvili , хотел бы более подробнее их с Вами обсудить удобным Вам способом. У Вас есть Telegram? Mukhranbatoni (talk) 16:06, 10 June 2025 (UTC)[reply]

У меня нет telegram (У меня есть gmail: tandilashvililasha@gmail.com), по поводу чего у вас вопрос? Домен, который является источником моей выполненной генеалогии, в настоящее время отключен. Вероятная причина - неуплата, указанная на сайте. Источник, безусловно, правильный, если у вас есть вопросы по этому поводу. Lasha-george (talk) 06:54, 11 June 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Благодарю. В общем, тему с князьями Давитишвили пока можно отложить. Дело в том, что располагаю точной информацией касаемо Имеретинского Царского Дома в лице Ираклия Давидовича Гванкители (род. 1982), в прошлом он сдал генетический тест, гаплогруппа которой не выявила его принадлежности к роду Багратионов (он оказался G2a1, вместо гаплогруппы Q, к которой относятся Багратионы). Из этого исходит, что скорее всего, придется редактировать генеалогию в соответствующей статье. Kingdom of Imereti - Wikipedia p.s один из администраторов грузинского генетического проекта (на FTDNA) пишет, что "Самое интересное что у этого Гванкители есть балкарец рядом по мутациям, лет 300-400 всего." Mukhranbatoni (talk) 14:14, 12 June 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Вы же хорошо знаете правила Википедии, да? Я так думаю! Даже если вы правы, вы должны доказать это источниками. И я использовал источник, я имею в виду Гайоза Мамаладзе. Эта генеалогическая таблица точна, с чем согласна семья Грузинских. Я не собираюсь быть чьим-либо адвокатом в этом случае. В этом случае я использую источники. Согласно последним исследованиям, царская генеалогия Имерети такова. Из многих ветвей только ветвь князя Баграта продолжает царскую линию! Вам следует связаться с Гайозом Мамаладзе и представить ему свои аргументы. Не будет никаких проблем, если вы докажете свою правду, но изменение источника таким образом будет считаться вандализмом. Это должно быть проверено авторитетными источниками, а не тем, что вы мне говорите. Пожалуйста, не поймите меня неправильно, это согласно источникам! С уважением: Lasha-george (talk) 18:01, 12 June 2025 (UTC)[reply]

იხ. გაიოზ მამალაძის სტატიები:

• იმერელი ბაგრატიონები ოჯახი
• ბაგრატიონთა რომელი შტოდან და რა გვარის უნდა იყოს საქართველოს მომავალი მეფე (წიგნიდან "კონსტიტუციური სახალხო მონარქიისათვის", 2007.

Lasha-george (talk) 18:20, 12 June 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Hello. Could you please review this article. I don't want to submit it to the general request review because they are not Georgian and can not profoundly assess the article. Could you please assess how correct everything here is. You can publish the article in your name after you finish.

Vakhtang Gorgasali's campaign in the Northern Caucasus was a military campaign led by the Kingdom of Iberia under King Vakhtang Gorgasali against the nomadic invaders from the North Caucasus. The campaign, supported by the Sassanian empire, ended in an Iberian victory and an end to nomadic raids into Iberia.

In the 5th century, the Caucasus was at the intersection of the interests of Byzantine and Sassanid empires. However, the Iranian positions were stronger and the Kingdom of Iberia, as well as many other kingdoms, were Iranian vassals.^[2] Starting from 373, Iberia was divided in two parts, with one being a vassal of Persia, while the other, southwestern part, was under Byzantine influence.^[3]

The Kingdom of Iberia enjoyed relative prosperity with the developed agriculture and city life. However, being an early feudal kingdom, it also suffered from decentralizing tendencies and various internal issues.^[4] The Georgian Christian Church suffered from the expansion of Zoroastrian influence under Iranian auspecies, with the bishop of Zoroastrians enjoying same rights in the kingdom's decision-making as the head of the Georgian Church.^[4]

The Iranian pressure on the Caucasian kingdoms increased in the first half of the 5th century under Shah Yazdegerd II. He introduced a new military duty, including an obligation for his vassals to levy manpower for Iranian expansionist wars against the nomadic states in the Central Asia and the territory of modern Afghanistan. Moreover, he pushed for increasing the Zoroastrian influence and imposed new taxes meant to further strangle the independence of the Caucasian kingdoms.^[2]

When Iberian King Mirdat died, his successor, prince Vakhtang was only seven years old. At that time, his mother Sagdukht went to Barda to ask her father Barzabod, the Bidaxsh of Arran, not to force Vakhtang to change his religion.^[2] It seems that Bidaxsh of Arran was a suzerain of Iberia during this time.^[5] Barzabod "showed mercy" towards her daughter and agreed to allow Vakhtang to remain Christian, although also strengthening the propaganda of Zoroastrianism in Iberia by sending new Zoroastrian bishops to promote this faith. Bidaxsh of Arran mediated Vakhtang's accession to throne, which led to Iranian Shah approving his accession by sending a crown with the precious stones.^[2]

Additionally, Iberia, as well as Byzantines and Irainians, suffered from the nomadic invasions, with the Iberia being affected the most by the invasions through North Caucasian roads, while Byzantines and Iranians were also engaging nomands on other frontiers. Byzantines were even paying Iran a military subsidy to protect North Caucasian mountain passes from the nomands, mostly Huns and others.^[6]

When Vakhtang was 10 years old, the Huns and Saragurs invaded from the North Caucasus and looted Iberia, Armenia and Arran. They also took Vakhtang's sister Mirandukht as a captive. The Georgian Chronicles calls the invaders Ossetians, which attests their participation too.^[5] The invaders pillaged Iberia from the the source of Kura river to Khunan, although they could not capture any castle town except Kaspi. After the invasion, they returned to the Northern Caucasus through the Daruband pass.^[7]

When King Vakhtang became 15 years old, he began to prepare for a campaign against the northern nomands. Vakhtang realized that rebelling against the Sassanid rule would only bring devastating results at this point, and that he would need to prepare for an appropriate moment. Moreover, the nomadic invasions were a more immediate concern, something that also united Iranians and Byzantines under a common banner. While fighting against Iran at this point would have been too difficult, the nomadic invasions could not be left unanswered. Vakhtang did understand that to achieve complete independence, he would eventually need to fight with the Sassanids. However, at this stage more important matters were strengthening Iberian borders and centralizing the state authority. Not only did Vakhtang simply agree to be Iranian vassal as a part of this policy, but he would also go on and take part as an Iranian vassal in Iranian wars in the Central Asia to protect its eastern borders from nomands in the 460s.^[8]

Vakhtang convened Darbazi (advisory council) to conduct the campaign against the nomads in the North Caucasus. Vakhtang used his status as a vassal of Iran to strengthen his ambitions. The invasion of nomands into the Iberia meant, besides other things, the violation of Iranian sovereignty, therefore, Vakhtang asked the Bidaxsh of Arran, Varaz-Bakur, of assistance, because during their invasion, the nomads not only raided Iberia, but also the lands of Varaz-Bakur, who was a successor to Barzabod.^[9]

Vakhtang built a large alliance across the kingdoms of the Caucasus, and led a campaign which ended in a massive success. The army first camped at Mukhrani Valley and Kherki (near Saguramo), after which they moved to Tianeti and were joined by the North Caucasian allies, first of all Kist-Bats people and the tribal leaders of the Dagestan.^[10] The opposing forces met and clashed at the river of Terek.^[11] The army led by Vakhtang secured victory, captured a large loot and freed all hostages, including Vakhtang's sister. Most importantly, Vakhtang firmly secured the Dariali Pass. He put his garrison in the gorge, formally securing Iranian, but in fact a Georgian northern border. He expanded Georgian influence over Dvaleti, Alania, Dzurdzuketi, Didoeti and Tsuketi. After this, Vakhtang controlled the roads to the North Caucasus and the movement of nomands.^[12]

After securing Dariali Pass, Vakhtang continued moving westward and crossed into Abkhazia through the Klukhori pass.^[13] Lazica was ruled at this point by Gubazes I, whose relations with his suzerain, the Byzantine Emperor, cooled following the Byzantine annexation of some of Laz territories and Laz revolt against the empire, which is described by Priscus of Panium in fragments no. 25 and 26 of his "Gothic History".^[14][15] Although the conflict was settled by 465, the Svan tribe used the opportunity to revolt against the Byzantines and Lazs.^[16] Lazs asked the Byzantines for help, while the Svans requested assistance from the Persians and Iberians.^[17] This happened in 466. According to Priscus, the Byzantines sent an army led by the general Heraclius, but the conflict with the Persians and Iberians was avoided as they became preoccupied with "other engagements" (possibly, the Hunnic and Saragur invasion of Iberia which could have happened this year).^[18] However, in 467-468, Svans revolted again and asked for Persian assistance. This is when Vakhtang Gorgasali led his force from the North Caucasus into Lazica. The Byzantine emperor Leo I was unable to send his troops to aid Lazica, and in three years Vakhtang managed to conquer all fortresses up until Tsikhegoji.^[19]

Vakhtang shared his loot with Bidaxsh of Arran and Shah of Iran. He sent a large diplomatic mission to the Shah, headed by the bishop of Kartli's Zoroastrians Binkaran. Vakhtang asked Iranian Shah of his daughter's hand, and the Shah agreed to marry him his daughter Balendukht. Thus, in a major diplomatic step, Vakhtang became dynastically connected to Shah Hormizd III.^[12][20]

Vakhtang managed to spread his rule over Egrisi. He annexed the historic Argveti and Svaneti provinces. Although Egrisi and Svaneti became principalities within Iberia, their princes most likely were still appointed from the local dynasties and by Shah's approval.^[21] The border of Iberia now run along the Kelasuri river as the territory north of it, Abasgia, was firmly held by Byzantium.^[22]

In the immediate future Vakhtang also proceeded to recover Klarjeti from the Byzantines. This was territory of Iberia which seceded in the 370s under the protection of the Byzantines. He also recovered Adjara, Samtskhe, Artaani and Javakheti, and thus entire territory of "Western Iberia" which was a Byzantine protectorate.^[23] Vakhtang would also proceed to build many fortresses in Klarjeti as a possible refuge for a potential future rebellion against Iran. In the east, Vakhtang managed to annex parts of Hereti and Kiziki, as well as Tsakhet-Tsakhuri. Here he created the new duchy of Hereti. All these actions were taken by Vakhtang as a vassal of Iran and, in some cases, even with the help of Iranian troops.^[24]

In the 460s, Vakhtang fought with the Iranian troops against Hephthalites on the eastern frontier of Iran. He also managed to make Byzantium recognize the Georgian Church's autocephaly.^[25] Vakhtang later married the daughter of Byzantine Emperor and, after securing his positions, confronted Iran in the late 470s by expelling Zoroastian priests. However, Iberia suffered a successful Iranian invasion, with the Byzantine envoy managing to negotiate a truce between Vakhtang and Shah Peroz. Shah agreed to stop propagating Zoroastrianism in Iberia, although it largely remained an Iranian vassal. However, Vakhtang would continue causing problems to Iran as he soon would launch another revolt in 482, this time after Iranians suffered a defeat at the hands of Hepthalites, amidst an ongoing rebellion against Iranian authorities in the Caucasian Albania. This would coincide with the simulatenous Armenian revolt against the Sassanids.^[26] Although the Iranian army would manage to overwhelm the Armenian and Iberian rebels, it would withdraw from the Caucasus after the death of Shah Peroz at the hands of Hepthalites in 484. This would bring a short-lived independence for Iberia, until in 491 new shah Kavad I launched a war against Byzantium and invaded Iberia, which caused Vakhtang to die from wounds. In the 520s, the peace treaty between Byzantium and Iran restored the former boundaries between the empires and Tbilisi was governed by a Persian marzpan.^[27]

The campaign is described by the medieval Georgian historian Juansher Juansheriani in the Georgian chronicles, which does not specifies a date. Juansher Juansheriani mentions that the Vakhtang Gorgasali's campaign occured 5-6 years after the nomadic invasion into Iberia.^[28]

The nomadic invasion described by Juansher is usually identified with one of the Hunnic and Saragur raids in Transcaucasia, mentioned by Priscus of Panium in different fragments of his "Gothic History", with one occuring in 448 while the other in 466.^[29] Georgian historian David Muskhelishvili equated the nomidic invasion to the one described by Priscus in the no. 8 fragment of his "Gothic History" which speaks of the Hunnic invasion of Media, occuring in 448, although opponents of this view consider this fragment to be actually describing the Hunnic raid of 395, which did not affect Iberia.^[30] Historians Nodar Lomouri and Anri Bogveradze equate the nomadic invasion in Juansher's work to the Saragur invasion of 466 described in the no. 37 fragment of "Gothic History".^[31]

Historian Margit Bíró identifies the nomadic invasion with the Hunnic campaign against the Caucasian Albania, which is described by Armenian medieval historians Elishe and Movses Kaghankatvatsi. Vache II of Albania used political instability in Persia following the death of Shah Yazdegerd II to renounce his loyality to Sassanids, which led to Shah Peroz I letting Huns to raid his country between 459 and 463. Thus, according to Bíró, the main aim of the raid was Caucasian Albania.^[32][28] It is not known whether Georgians participated in this rebellion.^[33]

Georgian historian Giorgi Shurgaia reconciles conflicting facts by claiming that in 460, while Persians were fighting the Albanians, they opened the Darial Pass and allowed Albania to be raided by the Huns, which pillaged Iberia too. The nomadic invasion described by Juansher is the same as the one described by Elishe and is placed in 460. The Vakhtang's campaign happened six years later in 466. This occured after a friendly treaty between the Byzantines and Saragurs in 463 and the Saragur invasion of Transcausia in 466, including the invasion of Iberia, after which Shah Peroz gave a mandate to Vakhtang to launch a campaign against the nomands. However, through this campaign Vakhtang also began a process of weakening Sassanid rule over Iberia, since he now himself controlled the Dariali Pass and could enlist nomands against the Iranians, which he indeed did in 483.^[34]

The friendly treaty between the Byzantines and Saragurs is described by Priscus: Saragurs, Oghurs and Onogurs sent a diplomatic mission to Byzantium, after they were driven from their lands to the Northern Caucasus by Sabirs. There they attacked and subdued the Hun-Akatziris. The Byzantine Emperor Leo sent ambassadors back with many gifts. In 466, the Huns, including Akatziris and other tribes, launched a campaign against the Persians according to Priscus. They invaded Iberia and Armenia and looted their settlements. The Byzantines refused to pay a military subsidy to Persians to protect the areas, which led to the Shah sending Vakhtang Gorgasali back to Iberia from the ongoing campaign against the Kidara Huns in the Central Asia. According to some historians, this Hunnic invasion to Transcaucasia was provoked by the Byzantines.^[35][10]

Muskhelashvili has also theorized that as Juansher was not Vakhtang's contemporary, his account of the nomadic invasion could have been a reflection unifying the elements of both the 448 and 466 campaigns, with the Vakhtang's sister being abducted in 466 rather than 448.^[36]

• The article is supported by sources provided by various historians. It is a perfectly acceptable article.--Lasha-george (talk) 07:48, 24 November 2025 (UTC)[reply]

• Lortkipanidze, Mariam (2006). საქართველოს ისტორია [History of Georgia] (PDF) (in Georgian). Vol. 1. Tbilisi: Publishing House of Tbilisi University. ISBN 9994012622.
• Rayfield, Donald (2012). Edge of Empires, a History of Georgia. London: Reaktion Books. ISBN 9781780230306.
• Shurgaia, Giorgi (2021). "ქართლის სამეფოს ჩრდილოკავკასიური პოლიტიკის ისტორიის ერთი ფურცელი". Georgian Source-Studies. 23. Ivane Javakhisvili Institute of History and Ethnology.
• Bíró, Margit (1997). "ON THE PRESENCE OF THE HUNS IN THE CAUCASUS: TO THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE 'OVS' RAID MENTIONED IN J̌UANšER'S CHRONICLE". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 50. Akadémiai Kiadó.
• Alasania, Giuli (2008). ქართველები და ისლამამდელი თურქები (PDF). Tbilisi: Sakartvelos Matsne. ISBN 9789941406416.
• Muskhelashvili, Davit (2003). საქართველო IV-VIII საუკუნეებში (PDF). Tbilisi: Ivane Javakhishvili Institute of History and Ethnology.