User:SuperWIKI/sandbox/State deans (3)

For senators and representatives who represented defunct parties or switched parties intra-term, only their latest party while in office is reflected. Most states, due to not having long-running deans until the 1900s, have tables only starting from that decade.

Hawaii

Senior members of Hawaii's congressional delegation
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean(s) (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean(s) (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)
86th	August 21, 1959 – January 3, 1961	Oren Long Seniority from August 21, 1959^[a] (3 years, 135 days) (retired)	None	Daniel Inouye^[A] Seniority from August 21, 1959 (3 years, 135 days) (elected to Senate)
87th	January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963		None
88th	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965	Hiram Fong Seniority from August 21, 1959 (17 years, 135 days) (retired)	Co-deans: Fong (Senate) Inouye^[B] (House and Senate) Seniority from August 21, 1959 (17 years, 135 days)	No clear dean^[b]^[c]
89th	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967			Spark Matsunaga Seniority from January 3, 1963 (14 years, 0 days) (elected to Senate)
90th	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1969
91st	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1971
92nd	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973
93rd	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975
94th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1977
95th	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979	Daniel Inouye^[C]^[D] Seniority from January 3, 1963 (49 years, 349 days) (died)	Inouye (House and Senate) Seniority from August 21, 1959 (53 years, 118 days)	No clear dean^[b]^[d]
96th	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1981
97th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983
98th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
99th	January 3, 1985 – July 11, 1986
99th	July 11, 1986 – January 3, 1987			Daniel Akaka Seniority from January 3, 1977 (13 years, 133 days) (appointed to Senate)^[1]
100th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1989
101st	January 3, 1989 – May 16, 1990
101st	May 16, 1990 – January 3, 1991			Pat Saiki Seniority from January 3, 1987 (4 years, 0 days) (ran for Senate)
102nd	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993			Patsy Mink^[E] Seniority from September 22, 1990^[e] (12 years, 6 days) (died)^[3]
103rd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995
104th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997
105th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 1999
106th	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001
107th	January 3, 2001 – September 28, 2002
107th	September 28, 2002 – January 3, 2003			Neil Abercrombie^[E] Seniority from January 3, 1991 (19 years, 56 days) (ran for Hawaii governor)
108th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005
109th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
110th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009
111th	January 3, 2009 – February 28, 2010
111th	February 28, 2010 – January 3, 2011			Mazie Hirono Seniority from January 3, 2007 (6 years, 0 days) (elected to Senate)
112th	January 3, 2011 – December 17, 2012
112th	December 17, 2012 – January 3, 2013	Daniel Akaka^[D] Seniority from May 16, 1990^[f] (22 years, 232 days) (retired)^[1]	Akaka (House and Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1977 (36 years, 0 days)
113th	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015	Brian Schatz Seniority from December 26, 2012^[f] (13 years, 19 days) (Incumbent)	Hirono^[B] (House and Senate) Seniority from January 3, 2007 (19 years, 11 days)	Colleen Hanabusa Seniority from January 3, 2011 (4 years, 0 days) (ran for Senate)^[4]
114th	January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017			Tulsi Gabbard Seniority from January 3, 2013 (8 years, 0 days) (retired)
115th	January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019
116th	January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021
117th	January 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023			Ed Case^[E] Seniority from January 3, 2019 (7 years, 11 days) (Incumbent)
118th	January 3, 2023 – January 3, 2025
119th	January 3, 2025 – present
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean(s) (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean(s) (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)

Idaho

Senior members of Idaho's congressional delegation (1907–present)
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean(s) (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean(s) (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)
60th	March 4, 1907 – March 4, 1909	Weldon B. Heyburn Seniority from March 4, 1903 (9 years, 227 days) (died)	Co-deans: Heyburn (Senate) French (House) Seniority from March 4, 1903 (5 years, 364 days)	Burton L. French^[A] Seniority from March 4, 1903 (5 years, 364 days) (lost renomination)^[5]
61st	March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1911		Heyburn (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1903 (9 years, 227 days)	Thomas R. Hamer^[A] Seniority from March 4, 1909 (1 year, 364 days) (lost renomination)^[6]
62nd	March 4, 1911 – October 17, 1912			Burton L. French^[F]^[G] Seniority from March 4, 1911 (3 years, 364 days) (ran for Senate)^[5]
62nd	October 17, 1912 – March 4, 1913	William Borah^[H] Seniority from March 4, 1907 (32 years, 321 days) (died)	Borah (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1907 (32 years, 321 days)
63rd	March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1915
64th	March 4, 1915 – March 4, 1917			Addison T. Smith Seniority from March 4, 1913 (21 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
65th	March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919
66th	March 4, 1919 – March 4, 1921
67th	March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1923
68th	March 4, 1923 – March 4, 1925
69th	March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1927
70th	March 4, 1927 – March 4, 1929
71st	March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931
72nd	March 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933
73rd	March 4, 1933 – June 8, 1934			No clear dean^[b]^[g]
73rd	June 8, 1934 – January 3, 1935			Compton I. White Seniority from March 4, 1933 (13 years, 305 days) (lost re-election)
74th	January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1937
75th	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939
76th	January 3, 1939 – January 19, 1940
76th	January 19, 1940 – January 3, 1941	D. Worth Clark^[D] Seniority from January 3, 1939 (6 years, 0 days) (lost renomination)	White (House) Seniority from March 4, 1933 (13 years, 305 days)
77th	January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943
78th	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945
79th	January 3, 1945 – November 10, 1945	John Thomas^[I] Seniority from January 27, 1940^[f] (5 years, 287 days) (died)
79th	November 10, 1945 – January 3, 1947	Glen H. Taylor Seniority from January 3, 1945 (6 years, 0 days) (lost renomination)
80th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949		Taylor (Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1945 (6 years, 0 days)	No clear dean^[b]^[h]
81st	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951			John C. Sanborn Seniority from January 3, 1947 (4 years, 0 days) (ran for Senate)^[7]
82nd	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1953	Henry Dworshak^[I]^[D] Seniority from October 14, 1949^[f] (12 years, 282 days) (died)	Dworshak (Senate) Seniority from October 14, 1949 (12 years, 282 days)	No clear dean^[b]^[i]
83rd	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955			Hamer H. Budge Seniority from January 3, 1951 (10 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
84th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957
85th	January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959
86th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961
87th	January 3, 1961 – July 23, 1962			Gracie Pfost Seniority from January 3, 1953 (10 years, 0 days) (ran for Senate)
87th	July 23, 1962 – January 3, 1963	Frank Church Seniority from January 3, 1957 (24 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)	Pfost (House) Seniority from January 3, 1953 (10 years, 0 days)
88th	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965		Church (Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1957 (24 years, 0 days)	Ralph R. Harding Seniority from January 3, 1961 (4 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
89th	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967			Compton I. White Jr. Seniority from January 3, 1963 (4 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
90th	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1969			George V. Hansen Seniority from January 3, 1965 (4 years, 0 days) (ran for Senate)
91st	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1971			Jim McClure Seniority from January 3, 1967 (6 years, 0 days) (elected to Senate)
92nd	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973
93rd	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975			Orval H. Hansen Seniority from January 3, 1969 (6 years, 0 days) (lost renomination)^[8]
94th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1977			Steve Symms Seniority from January 3, 1973 (8 years, 0 days) (elected to Senate)
95th	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979
96th	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1981
97th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983	Jim McClure^[D] Seniority from January 3, 1973 (18 years, 0 days) (retired)	McClure (House and Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1967 (24 years, 0 days)	George V. Hansen^[F] Seniority from January 3, 1975 (10 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
98th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
99th	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987			Larry Craig Seniority from January 3, 1981 (10 years, 0 days) (elected to Senate)
100th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1989
101st	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1991
102nd	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993	Steve Symms^[D] Seniority from January 3, 1981 (12 years, 0 days) (retired)	Symms (House and Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1973 (20 years, 0 days)	Richard H. Stallings Seniority from January 3, 1985 (8 years, 0 days) (ran for Senate)
103rd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995	Larry Craig^[D] Seniority from January 3, 1991 (18 years, 0 days) (retired)	Craig (House and Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1981 (28 years, 0 days)	Larry LaRocco Seniority from January 3, 1991 (4 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
104th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997			Mike Crapo Seniority from January 3, 1993 (6 years, 0 days) (elected to Senate)
105th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 1999
106th	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001			Helen Chenoweth-Hage Seniority from January 3, 1995 (6 years, 0 days) (retired)
107th	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003			Mike Simpson Seniority from January 3, 1999 (27 years, 11 days) (Incumbent)
108th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005
109th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
110th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009
111th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011	Mike Crapo^[D] Seniority from January 3, 1999 (27 years, 11 days) (Incumbent)	Crapo (House and Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1993 (33 years, 11 days)
112th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013
113th	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015
114th	January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017
115th	January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019
116th	January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021
117th	January 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023
118th	January 3, 2023 – January 3, 2025
119th	January 3, 2025 – present
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean(s) (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean(s) (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)

Illinois

Senior members of Illinois's congressional delegation (1849–present)
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean(s) (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean(s) (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)
31st	March 4, 1849 – March 4, 1851	Stephen A. Douglas^[D] Seniority from March 4, 1847 (14 years, 91 days) (died)	Co-deans: Douglas (House and Senate) McClernand, Wentworth (House) Seniority from March 4, 1843 (7 years, 364 days)	Co-deans: John A. McClernand, John Wentworth Seniority from March 4, 1843 (7 years, 364 days) (both retired)
32nd	March 4, 1851 – March 4, 1853		Douglas (House and Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1843 (18 years, 91 days)	William A. Richardson Seniority from December 6, 1847^[e] (8 years, 263 days) (resigned)^[9]
33rd	March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1855
34th	March 4, 1855 – August 25, 1856
34th	August 25, 1856 – March 4, 1857			James Knox Seniority from March 4, 1853^[j] (3 years, 364 days) (retired)
35th	March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1859			Elihu B. Washburne^[J] Seniority from March 4, 1853 (16 years, 2 days) (appointed Secretary of State)
36th	March 4, 1859 – March 4, 1861
37th	March 4, 1861 – June 3, 1861
37th	June 3, 1861 – March 4, 1863	Lyman Trumbull^[K] Seniority from March 4, 1855 (17 years, 364 days) (retired)^[10]	Washburne (House) Seniority from March 4, 1853 (16 years, 2 days)
38th	March 4, 1863 – March 4, 1865
39th	March 4, 1865 – March 4, 1867
40th	March 4, 1867 – March 4, 1869
41st	March 4, 1869 – March 6, 1869
41st	March 6, 1869 – March 4, 1871		Trumbull (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1855 (17 years, 364 days)	John F. Farnsworth^[E] Seniority from March 4, 1863 (9 years, 364 days) (lost renomination)^[11]
42nd	March 4, 1871 – March 4, 1873
43rd	March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875	John A. Logan^[D] Seniority from March 4, 1871 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)	Marshall (House) Seniority from March 4, 1865 (9 years, 364 days)	Samuel S. Marshall^[E] Seniority from March 4, 1865 (9 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)^[12]
44th	March 4, 1875 – March 4, 1877		Logan (House and Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1867 (9 years, 364 days)	Horatio C. Burchard Seniority from December 6, 1869^[e] (9 years, 87 days) (lost renomination)^[13]
45th	March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1879	Richard J. Oglesby Seniority from March 4, 1873 (5 years, 364 days) (retired)	Burchard (House) Seniority from December 6, 1869 (9 years, 87 days)
46th	March 4, 1879 – March 4, 1881	David Davis^[L] Seniority from March 4, 1877 (5 years, 364 days) (retired)	Morrison (House) Seniority from March 4, 1873^[k] (13 years, 364 days)	William R. Morrison^[E] Seniority from March 4, 1873^[k] (13 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)^[14]
47th	March 4, 1881 – March 4, 1883
48th	March 4, 1883 – March 4, 1885	John A. Logan^[M] Seniority from March 4, 1879 (5 years, 364 days) (legislature failed to elect)
49th	March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1887	Shelby M. Cullom^[N]^[D] Seniority from March 4, 1883 (29 years, 364 days) (lost renomination)^[15]
50th	March 4, 1887 – March 4, 1889		Cannon (House) Seniority from March 4, 1873 (17 years, 364 days)	Joseph Gurney Cannon Seniority from March 4, 1873 (17 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)^[16]
51st	March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1891
52nd	March 4, 1891 – March 4, 1893		Co-deans: Henderson, Springer (House) Seniority from March 4, 1875 (19 years, 364 days)	Co-deans: Thomas J. Henderson (R), William M. Springer (D) Seniority from March 4, 1875 (19 years, 364 days) (Henderson lost renomination, Springer lost re-election)^[17]^[18]
53rd	March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1895
54th	March 4, 1895 – March 4, 1897		Hitt (House) Seniority from December 4, 1882 (23 years, 290 days)	Robert R. Hitt Seniority from December 4, 1882^[e] (23 years, 290 days) (died)
55th	March 4, 1897 – March 4, 1899
56th	March 4, 1899 – March 4, 1901
57th	March 4, 1901 – March 4, 1903
58th	March 4, 1903 – March 4, 1905
59th	March 4, 1905 – September 20, 1906
59th	September 20, 1906 – March 4, 1907		Cullom (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1883 (29 years, 364 days)	George Washington Smith Seniority from March 4, 1889 (18 years, 271 days) (died)
60th	March 4, 1907 – November 30, 1907
60th	November 30, 1907 – March 4, 1909			Joseph Gurney Cannon^[F]^[O] Seniority from March 4, 1893 (19 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
61st	March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1911
62nd	March 4, 1911 – March 4, 1913
63rd	March 4, 1913 – March 26, 1913	Vacant	Mann (House) Seniority from March 4, 1897 (25 years, 271 days)	James R. Mann^[P] Seniority from March 4, 1897 (25 years, 271 days) (died)
63rd	March 26, 1913 – March 4, 1915	J. Hamilton Lewis^[D] Seniority from March 26, 1913^[l]^[m] (5 years, 342 days) (lost re-election)
64th	March 4, 1915 – March 4, 1917
65th	March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919
66th	March 4, 1919 – March 4, 1921	Lawrence Y. Sherman Seniority from March 26, 1913^[n] (7 years, 342 days) (retired)
67th	March 4, 1921 – November 30, 1922	Medill McCormick^[D] Seniority from March 4, 1919 (5 years, 358 days) (died)
67th	November 30, 1922 – March 4, 1923		Madden (House) Seniority from March 4, 1905 (23 years, 54 days)	Martin B. Madden Seniority from March 4, 1905 (23 years, 54 days) (died)
68th	March 4, 1923 – February 25, 1925
68th	February 25, 1925 – March 4, 1925	William B. McKinley^[D] Seniority from March 4, 1921 (5 years, 278 days) (died)
69th	March 4, 1925 – December 7, 1926
69th	December 7, 1926 – March 4, 1927	Charles S. Deneen Seniority from February 26, 1925^[f] (6 years, 5 days) (lost renomination)^[19]
70th	March 4, 1927 – April 27, 1928
70th	April 27, 1928 – March 4, 1929		Sabath (House) Seniority from March 4, 1907 (45 years, 247 days)	Adolph J. Sabath^[Q] Seniority from March 4, 1907 (45 years, 247 days) (died)
71st	March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931
72nd	March 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933	Otis F. Glenn^[D] Seniority from December 3, 1928^[n] (4 years, 90 days) (lost re-election)
73rd	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935	J. Hamilton Lewis^[M] Seniority from March 4, 1931 (8 years, 36 days) (died)
74th	January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1937
75th	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939
76th	January 3, 1939 – April 9, 1939
76th	April 9, 1939 – January 3, 1941	Scott W. Lucas^[R]^[D] Seniority from January 3, 1939 (12 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
77th	January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943
78th	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945
79th	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947
80th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949
81st	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951
82nd	January 3, 1951 – November 6, 1952	Paul Douglas Seniority from January 3, 1949 (18 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
82nd	November 6, 1952 – January 3, 1953		Allen (House) Seniority from March 4, 1933 (27 years, 305 days)	Leo E. Allen Seniority from March 4, 1933 (27 years, 305 days) (retired)
83rd	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
84th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957
85th	January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959
86th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961
87th	January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963		Arends (House) Seniority from January 3, 1935 (39 years, 362 days)	Leslie C. Arends Seniority from January 3, 1935 (39 years, 362 days) (resigned)^[20]
88th	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965
89th	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967
90th	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1969	Everett Dirksen^[S]^[D] Seniority from January 3, 1951 (18 years, 247 days) (died)
91st	January 3, 1969 – September 7, 1969
91st	September 7, 1969 – January 3, 1971	Charles H. Percy Seniority from January 3, 1967 (18 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
92nd	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973
93rd	January 3, 1973 – December 31, 1974
93rd	December 31, 1974 – January 3, 1975		Price (House) Seniority from January 3, 1945 (43 years, 110 days)	Melvin Price Seniority from January 3, 1945 (43 years, 110 days) (died)
94th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1977
95th	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979
96th	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1981
97th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983
98th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
99th	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987	Alan J. Dixon Seniority from January 3, 1981 (12 years, 0 days) (lost renomination)^[21]
100th	January 3, 1987 – April 22, 1988
100th	April 22, 1988 – January 3, 1989		Michel (House) Seniority from January 3, 1957 (38 years, 0 days)	Robert H. Michel^[T] Seniority from January 3, 1957 (38 years, 0 days) (retired)
101st	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1991
102nd	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993
103rd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995	Paul Simon^[D] Seniority from January 3, 1985 (12 years, 0 days) (retired)
104th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997		Yates (House) Seniority from January 3, 1965 (34 years, 0 days)	Sidney R. Yates^[E] Seniority from January 3, 1965 (34 years, 0 days) (retired)
105th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 1999	Carol Moseley Braun Seniority from January 3, 1993 (6 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
106th	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001	Dick Durbin^[D] Seniority from January 3, 1997 (29 years, 11 days) (Incumbent)	Crane (House) Seniority from November 25, 1969 (35 years, 39 days)	Phil Crane Seniority from November 25, 1969^[e] (35 years, 39 days) (lost re-election)
107th	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003
108th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005
109th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007		Hyde (House) Seniority from January 3, 1975 (32 years, 0 days)	Henry Hyde Seniority from January 3, 1975 (32 years, 0 days) (retired)
110th	January 3, 2007 – November 26, 2007		Durbin (House and Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1983 (43 years, 11 days)	Dennis Hastert^[U] Seniority from January 3, 1987 (20 years, 327 days) (resigned)^[22]
110th	November 26, 2007 – January 3, 2009			Jerry Costello Seniority from August 9, 1988^[e] (24 years, 147 days) (retired)
111th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011
112th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013
113th	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015			Co-deans: Luis Gutiérrez, Bobby Rush Seniority from January 3, 1993 (26 years, 0 days) (Gutiérrez retired)
114th	January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017
115th	January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019
116th	January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021			Bobby Rush Seniority from January 3, 1993 (30 years, 0 days) (retired)
117th	January 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023
118th	January 3, 2023 – January 3, 2025			Danny Davis Seniority from January 3, 1997 (29 years, 11 days) (Incumbent)
119th	January 3, 2025 – present
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean(s) (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean(s) (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)

Indiana

Senior members of Indiana's congressional delegation (1861–present)
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean(s) (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean(s) (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)
37th	March 4, 1861 – February 5, 1862	Jesse D. Bright^[V] Seniority from March 4, 1845 (16 years, 338 days) (expelled)^[23]	Bright (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1845 (16 years, 338 days)	Schuyler Colfax^[W] Seniority from March 4, 1855 (13 years, 364 days) (elected Vice President)
37th	February 5, 1862 – March 4, 1863	Henry S. Lane^[D] Seniority from March 4, 1861 (5 years, 364 days) (retired)^[24]	Colfax (House) Seniority from March 4, 1855 (13 years, 364 days)
38th	March 4, 1863 – March 4, 1865
39th	March 4, 1865 – March 4, 1867
40th	March 4, 1867 – March 4, 1869	Thomas A. Hendricks^[D] Seniority from March 4, 1863 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)^[25]
41st	March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1871	Oliver P. Morton Seniority from March 4, 1867 (10 years, 242 days) (died)	Julian (House) Seniority from March 4, 1861 (9 years, 364 days)	George W. Julian^[E] Seniority from March 4, 1861 (9 years, 364 days) (lost renomination)^[26]
42nd	March 4, 1871 – March 4, 1873		Niblack (House) Seniority from March 4, 1865^[k] (9 years, 364 days)	William E. Niblack^[X]^[E] Seniority from March 4, 1865^[k] (9 years, 364 days) (retired)
43rd	March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875
44th	March 4, 1875 – March 4, 1877		Holman (House) Seniority from March 4, 1867^[k] (9 years, 364 days)	William S. Holman^[E] Seniority from March 4, 1867^[k] (9 years, 364 days) (retired)
45th	March 4, 1877 – November 1, 1877		Morton (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1867 (10 years, 242 days)	Morton C. Hunter^[E] Seniority from March 4, 1873 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
45th	November 1, 1877 – March 4, 1879	Joseph E. McDonald^[D] Seniority from March 4, 1875 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)	Hunter (House) Seniority from March 4, 1873 (5 years, 364 days)
46th	March 4, 1879 – March 4, 1881		McDonald (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1875^[k] (5 years, 364 days)	John Baker Seniority from March 4, 1875 (5 years, 364 days) (retired)
47th	March 4, 1881 – March 4, 1883	Daniel W. Voorhees^[D] Seniority from November 6, 1877^[f] (19 years, 117 days) (lost re-election)	Browne (House) Seniority from March 4, 1877^[j] (7 years, 230 days)	Thomas M. Browne Seniority from March 4, 1877^[j] (7 years, 230 days) (co-dean after Calkins resigned)
48th	March 4, 1883 – October 20, 1884
48th	October 20, 1884 – March 4, 1885		Co-deans: Browne, Cobb (House) Seniority from March 4, 1877 (9 years, 364 days)	Co-deans: Thomas M. Browne (R), Thomas R. Cobb (D) Seniority from March 4, 1877 (9 years, 364 days) (Cobb retired)^[27]
49th	March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1887
50th	March 4, 1887 – March 4, 1889		Browne (House) Seniority from March 4, 1877 (13 years, 364 days)	Thomas M. Browne Seniority from March 4, 1877 (13 years, 364 days) (retired)^[28]
51st	March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1891
52nd	March 4, 1891 – March 4, 1893		Voorhees (Senate) Seniority from November 6, 1877 (19 years, 117 days)	William S. Holman^[F]^[Y] Seniority from March 4, 1881 (13 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)^[29]
53rd	March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1895
54th	March 4, 1895 – March 4, 1897			Henry U. Johnson Seniority from March 4, 1891 (7 years, 364 days) (retired)
55th	March 4, 1897 – March 4, 1899	David Turpie^[I]^[Z] Seniority from March 4, 1887 (11 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)	Turpie (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1887 (11 years, 364 days)
56th	March 4, 1899 – March 4, 1901	Charles W. Fairbanks Seniority from March 4, 1897 (7 years, 364 days) (elected Vice President)	Steele (House) Seniority from March 4, 1895 (7 years, 364 days)	George Washington Steele^[E] Seniority from March 4, 1895^[k] (7 years, 364 days) (retired)
57th	March 4, 1901 – March 4, 1903
58th	March 4, 1903 – March 4, 1905		Co-deans: Hemenway^[B] (House and Senate) Overstreet (House) Seniority from March 4, 1895 (13 years, 364 days)	Co-deans: James A. Hemenway, Jesse Overstreet Seniority from March 4, 1895 (9 years, 364 days) (Hemenway elected to Senate)^[30]
59th	March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1907	Albert J. Beveridge Seniority from March 4, 1899 (11 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)		Jesse Overstreet Seniority from March 4, 1895 (13 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)^[31]
60th	March 4, 1907 – March 4, 1909
61st	March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1911		Crumpacker (House) Seniority from March 4, 1897 (15 years, 364 days)	Edgar D. Crumpacker Seniority from March 4, 1897 (15 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)^[32]
62nd	March 4, 1911 – March 4, 1913	Benjamin F. Shively^[D] Seniority from March 4, 1909 (7 years, 10 days) (died)
63rd	March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1915		Dixon (House) Seniority from March 4, 1905 (13 years, 364 days)	Lincoln Dixon Seniority from March 4, 1905 (13 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)^[33]
64th	March 4, 1915 – March 14, 1916
64th	March 14, 1916 – March 4, 1917	John W. Kern^[AA] Seniority from March 4, 1911 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
65th	March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919	James E. Watson^[AB]^[D] Seniority from November 8, 1916^[n] (16 years, 115 days) (lost re-election)
66th	March 4, 1919 – March 4, 1921		Co-deans: Moores, Wood (House) Seniority from March 4, 1915 (9 years, 364 days)	Co-deans: Merrill Moores, William R. Wood Seniority from March 4, 1915 (9 years, 364 days) (Moores lost renomination)^[34]
67th	March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1923
68th	March 4, 1923 – March 4, 1925
69th	March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1927		Wood (House) Seniority from March 4, 1915 (17 years, 364 days)	William R. Wood Seniority from March 4, 1915 (17 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
70th	March 4, 1927 – March 4, 1929
71st	March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931
72nd	March 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933
73rd	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935	Arthur Raymond Robinson Seniority from October 20, 1925^[f] (9 years, 75 days) (lost re-election)	Greenwood (House) Seniority from March 4, 1923 (15 years, 305 days)	Arthur H. Greenwood Seniority from March 4, 1923 (15 years, 305 days) (lost re-election)
74th	January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1937	Frederick Van Nuys Seniority from March 4, 1933 (10 years, 327 days) (died)
75th	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939
76th	January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1941		Ludlow (House) Seniority from March 4, 1929 (19 years, 305 days)	Louis Ludlow Seniority from March 4, 1929 (19 years, 305 days) (retired)
77th	January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943
78th	January 3, 1943 – January 25, 1944
78th	January 25, 1944 – January 3, 1945	Raymond E. Willis Seniority from January 3, 1941 (6 years, 0 days) (retired)
79th	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947
80th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949	Homer E. Capehart Seniority from January 3, 1945 (18 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
81st	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951		Halleck (House) Seniority from January 29, 1935 (33 years, 340 days)	Charles A. Halleck^[AC] Seniority from January 29, 1935^[e] (33 years, 340 days) (retired)
82nd	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1953
83rd	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
84th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957
85th	January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959
86th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961
87th	January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963
88th	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965	Vance Hartke Seniority from January 3, 1959 (18 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
89th	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967
90th	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1969
91st	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1971		Madden (House) Seniority from January 3, 1943 (34 years, 0 days)	Ray Madden Seniority from January 3, 1943 (34 years, 0 days) (lost renomination)
92nd	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973
93rd	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975
94th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1977
95th	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979	Birch Bayh Seniority from January 3, 1963 (18 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)	Brademas (House) Seniority from January 3, 1959 (22 years, 0 days)	John Brademas Seniority from January 3, 1959 (22 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
96th	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1981
97th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983	Richard Lugar Seniority from January 3, 1977 (36 years, 0 days) (lost renomination)	Hamilton (House) Seniority from January 3, 1965 (34 years, 0 days)	Lee Hamilton Seniority from January 3, 1965 (34 years, 0 days) (retired)
98th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
99th	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987
100th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1989
101st	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1991
102nd	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993
103rd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995
104th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997
105th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 1999
106th	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001		Lugar (Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1977 (36 years, 0 days)	Dan Burton Seniority from January 3, 1983 (30 years, 0 days) (retired)
107th	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003
108th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005
109th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
110th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009
111th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011
112th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013
113th	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015	Dan Coats^[I]^[D] Seniority from January 3, 2011 (6 years, 0 days) (retired)	Visclosky (House) Seniority from January 3, 1985 (36 years, 0 days)	Pete Visclosky Seniority from January 3, 1985 (36 years, 0 days) (retired)
114th	January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017
115th	January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019	Joe Donnelly^[D] Seniority from January 3, 2013 (6 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
116th	January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021	Todd Young^[D] Seniority from January 3, 2017 (9 years, 11 days) (Incumbent)
117th	January 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023		Carson (House) Seniority from March 11, 2008 (17 years, 309 days)	André Carson Seniority from March 11, 2008^[e] (17 years, 309 days) (Incumbent)
118th	January 3, 2023 – January 3, 2025
119th	January 3, 2025 – present
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean(s) (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean(s) (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)

Iowa (TO REVISE)

Senior members of Iowa's congressional delegation (1877–present)
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean(s) (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean(s) (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)
45th	March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1879	William B. Allison^[AD]^[D] Seniority from March 4, 1873 (35 years, 153 days) (died)	Allison (Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1873 (35 years, 153 days)	Co-deans: S. Addison Oliver, Ezekiel S. Sampson Seniority from March 4, 1875 (3 years, 364 days) (Oliver retired, Sampson lost re-election)
46th	March 4, 1879 – March 4, 1881			Hiram Price^[E] Seniority from March 4, 1877^[k] (3 years, 364 days) (retired)
47th	March 4, 1881 – March 4, 1883			Nathaniel Cobb Deering Seniority from March 4, 1877 (5 years, 364 days) (lost renomination)^[35]
48th	March 4, 1883 – March 4, 1885			Moses A. McCoid Seniority from March 4, 1879 (5 years, 364 days) (lost renomination)^[36]
49th	March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1887			William P. Hepburn Seniority from March 4, 1881 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
50th	March 4, 1887 – March 4, 1889			David B. Henderson Seniority from March 4, 1883^[j] (5 years, 364 days) (co-dean after Holmes lost renomination)
51st	March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1891			Co-deans: David B. Henderson, Isaac S. Struble Seniority from March 4, 1883 (7 years, 364 days) (Struble lost renomination)
52nd	March 4, 1891 – March 4, 1893			David B. Henderson^[AE] Seniority from March 4, 1883 (19 years, 364 days) (withdrew)^[37]
53rd	March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1895
54th	March 4, 1895 – March 4, 1897
55th	March 4, 1897 – March 4, 1899
56th	March 4, 1899 – March 4, 1901
57th	March 4, 1901 – March 4, 1903
58th	March 4, 1903 – March 4, 1905			John A. T. Hull Seniority from March 4, 1891 (19 years, 364 days) (lost renomination)
59th	March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1907
60th	March 4, 1907 – August 4, 1908
60th	August 4, 1908 – March 4, 1909	Jonathan P. Dolliver^[D] Seniority from August 22, 1900^[f] (10 years, 54 days) (died)	Dolliver (House and Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1889 (21 years, 225 days)
61st	March 4, 1909 – October 15, 1910
61st	October 15, 1910 – March 4, 1911	Albert B. Cummins^[AF] Seniority from November 24, 1908^[o] (17 years, 248 days) (died)	Hull (House) Seniority from March 4, 1891 (19 years, 364 days)
62nd	March 4, 1911 – March 4, 1913		Haugen (House) Seniority from March 4, 1899 (33 years, 364 days)	Gilbert N. Haugen^[AG] Seniority from March 4, 1899 (33 years, 364 days) (lost re-election)
63rd	March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1915
64th	March 4, 1915 – March 4, 1917
65th	March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919
66th	March 4, 1919 – March 4, 1921
67th	March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1923
68th	March 4, 1923 – March 4, 1925
69th	March 4, 1925 – July 30, 1926
69th	July 30, 1926 – March 4, 1927	Daniel F. Steck Seniority from April 12, 1926^[p] (4 years, 325 days) (lost re-election)
70th	March 4, 1927 – March 4, 1929
71st	March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931
72nd	March 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933	Smith W. Brookhart^[I] Seniority from March 4, 1927 (5 years, 364 days) (lost re-election as Independent)
73rd	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935	L. J. Dickinson^[D] Seniority from March 4, 1931 (5 years, 305 days) (lost re-election)	Dowell (House) Seniority from March 4, 1915 (19 years, 305 days)	Cassius C. Dowell Seniority from March 4, 1915 (19 years, 305 days) (lost re-election)
74th	January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1937		Dickinson (House and Senate) Seniority from March 4, 1919 (17 years, 305 days)	Lloyd Thurston Seniority from March 4, 1925 (13 years, 305 days) (ran for Senate)
75th	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939	Guy Gillette^[D] Seniority from November 4, 1936^[n] (8 years, 60 days) (lost re-election)	Thurston (House) Seniority from March 4, 1925 (13 years, 305 days)
76th	January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1941		Gilchrist (House) Seniority from March 4, 1931 (13 years, 305 days)	Fred C. Gilchrist Seniority from March 4, 1931 (13 years, 305 days) (lost renomination)
77th	January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943
78th	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945
79th	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947	George A. Wilson Seniority from January 14, 1943^[q]^[38] (5 years, 355 days) (lost re-election)	Gwynne (House) Seniority from January 3, 1935 (14 years, 0 days)	John W. Gwynne Seniority from January 3, 1935 (14 years, 0 days) (lost renomination)
80th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949
81st	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951	Bourke B. Hickenlooper Seniority from January 3, 1945 (24 years, 0 days) (retired)	Jensen (House) Seniority from January 3, 1939^[j] (26 years, 0 days)	Ben F. Jensen Seniority from January 3, 1939^[j] (26 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
82nd	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1953
83rd	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
84th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957
85th	January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959
86th	January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961
87th	January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963
88th	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965
89th	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967		Hickenlooper (Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1945 (24 years, 0 days)	H. R. Gross Seniority from January 3, 1949 (26 years, 0 days) (retired)
90th	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1969
91st	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1971	Jack Miller Seniority from January 3, 1961 (12 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)	Gross (House) Seniority from January 3, 1949 (26 years, 0 days)
92nd	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973
93rd	January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975	Harold Hughes Seniority from January 3, 1969 (6 years, 0 days) (retired)
94th	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1977	Dick Clark Seniority from January 3, 1973 (6 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)	Smith (House) Seniority from January 3, 1959 (36 years, 0 days)	Neal Smith Seniority from January 3, 1959 (36 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
95th	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979
96th	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1981	John Culver Seniority from January 3, 1975 (6 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
97th	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983	Roger Jepsen Seniority from January 3, 1979 (6 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
98th	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
99th	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987	Chuck Grassley^[AH]^[D] Seniority from January 3, 1981 (45 years, 11 days) (Incumbent)
100th	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1989
101st	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1991
102nd	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993
103rd	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995
104th	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997		Grassley (House and Senate) Seniority from January 3, 1975 (51 years, 11 days)	Jim Leach Seniority from January 3, 1977 (30 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
105th	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 1999
106th	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001
107th	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003
108th	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005
109th	January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
110th	January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009			Tom Latham Seniority from January 3, 1995 (20 years, 0 days) (retired)
111th	January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011
112th	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013
113th	January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015
114th	January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017			Steve King Seniority from January 3, 2003 (18 years, 0 days) (lost renomination)
115th	January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019
116th	January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021
117th	January 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023			Cindy Axne Seniority from January 3, 2019 (4 years, 0 days) (lost re-election)
118th	January 3, 2023 – January 3, 2025			Randy Feenstra Seniority from January 3, 2021^[j] (5 years, 11 days) (Incumbent)
119th	January 3, 2025 – present
Congress	Dates	Senior senator (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)	Delegation dean(s) (Combined seniority and tenure)	House dean(s) (Seniority and tenure) (Cause of departure)

References

^ ^a ^b "AKAKA, Daniel Kahikina (1924 – 2018)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Chapter 7 § 2. Seniority and Derivative Rights". Deschler's Precedents, Volume 2 (PDF). U.S. Government Publishing Office. January 1, 1994. p. 670. Retrieved November 5, 2023.
^ Gootman, Elissa (September 30, 2002). "Patsy Mink, Veteran Hawaii Congresswoman, Dies at 74". The New York Times. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
^ "HANABUSA, Colleen (1951 – )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
^ ^a ^b "FRENCH, Burton Lee (1875 – 1954)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 27, 2024.
^ "HAMER, Thomas Ray (1864 – 1950)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 27, 2024.
^ "SANBORN, John Carfield (1885 – 1968)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 27, 2024.
^ "HANSEN, Orval Howard (1926 – 2017)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 28, 2024.
^ "RICHARDSON, William Alexander (1811 – 1875)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.
^ "TRUMBULL, Lyman (1813 – 1896)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved February 14, 2024.
^ "FARNSWORTH, John Franklin (1820 – 1897)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.
^ "MARSHALL, Samuel Scott (1821 – 1890)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.
^ "BURCHARD, Horatio Chapin (1825 – 1908)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved February 27, 2024.
^ "MORRISON, William Ralls (1824 – 1909)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.
^ "CULLOM, Shelby Moore (1829 – 1914)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.
^ "CANNON, Joseph Gurney (1836 – 1926)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.
^ "HENDERSON, Thomas Jefferson (1824 – 1911)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved February 27, 2024.
^ "SPRINGER, William McKendree (1836 – 1903)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 17, 2025.
^ "DENEEN, Charles Samuel (1863 – 1940)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.
^ "ARENDS, Leslie Cornelius (1895 – 1985)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.
^ "DIXON, Alan John (1927 – 2014)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.
^ "HASTERT, John Dennis (1942 – )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.
^ "BRIGHT, Jesse David (1812 – 1875)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 20, 2024.
^ Zachary, Lauren (September 2013). "Henry S. Lane and the Birth of the Indiana Republican Party, 1854–1861". IU Indianapolis ScholarWorks. p. 128. Retrieved November 20, 2024.
^ Gugin, Linda C.; St. Clair, James E., eds. (2006). The Governors of Indiana. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press. p. 163. ISBN 0-87195-196-7.
^ Cincinnati Gazette, February 14, March 1, April 13, 1870.
^ "COBB, Thomas Reed (1828 – 1892)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 21, 2024.
^ "BROWNE, Thomas McLelland (1829 – 1891)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 21, 2024.
^ "HOLMAN, William Steele (1822 – 1897)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 21, 2024.
^ "HEMENWAY, James Alexander (1860 – 1923)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
^ "OVERSTREET, Jesse (1859 – 1910)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
^ "CRUMPACKER, Edgar Dean (1851 – 1920)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
^ "DIXON, Lincoln (1860 – 1932)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
^ "MOORES, Merrill (1856 – 1929)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 18, 2024.
^ "DEERING, Nathaniel Cobb (1827 – 1887)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved June 4, 2024.
^ "MCCOID, Moses Ayers (1840 – 1904)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved June 4, 2024.
^ "HENDERSON, David Bremner (1840 – 1906)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved June 4, 2024.
^ "WILSON, George Allison (1884 – 1953)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved June 4, 2024.

Footnotes (positional)

^ ^a ^b ^c Sole representative (at-large district)
^ ^a ^b ^c as junior senator
^ President pro tempore and Dean of the Senate from 2010 to 2012
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag Senator who previously served in the House of Representatives
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the House
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Second time; previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the House
^ Sole representative (at-large district) until reapportionment in 1912 House elections
^ Dean of the Senate from 1933 to 1940
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the Senate
^ Dean of the House from 1863 to 1869
^ Republican from 1861 to 1870
^ President pro tempore from 1881 to 1883
^ ^a ^b Second time; previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the Senate
^ Dean of the Senate from 1911 to 1913
^ Speaker of the House and House Republican Leader from 1903 to 1911
^ House Republican Leader from 1911 to 1919
^ Dean of the House from 1934 to 1952
^ Senate Democratic Leader from 1949 to 1951
^ Senate Republican Leader from 1959 to 1969
^ House Republican Leader from 1981 to 1995
^ Speaker of the House and House Republican Leader from 1999 to 2007
^ President pro tempore from 1854 to 1856, 1856 to 1857, and June 12 to 26, 1860
^ Speaker of the House and House Republican Leader from 1863 to 1869
^ House Democratic Leader from 1869 to 1871 (alongside Samuel J. Randall), 1873 to 1875
^ House Democratic Leader from 1889 to 1895
^ Senate Democratic Leader from 1898 to 1899
^ Senate Democratic Leader from 1911 to 1917
^ Senate Republican Leader from 1929 to 1933
^ House Republican Leader from 1959 to 1965
^ Dean of the Senate from 1898 to 1908
^ Speaker of the House and House Republican Leader from 1899 to 1903
^ President pro tempore from 1919 to 1925
^ Dean of the House from 1928 to 1933
^
Various positions:
- President pro tempore (2019–2021, 2025–present)
- President pro tempore emeritus (2021–2025)
- Dean of the Senate (2023–present)

Footnotes (seniority)

^ Seniority over Hiram Fong due to tenure as Hawaii territorial governor
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Preceding election(s) resulted in turnover of all sitting incumbents; successors share a seniority date with no distinctions Cite error: The named reference "turnover" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
^ Spark Matsunaga shared seniority with Thomas Gill until January 3, 1965
^ Daniel Akaka shared seniority with Cecil Heftel until July 11, 1986
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Representative elected to fill vacancy; seniority calculated from date of special election (if different from date the seat was filled)^[2] Cite error: The named reference "housevacancy" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Senator appointed to fill intra-term vacancy; seniority calculated from date of appointment
^ Compton I. White shared seniority with Thomas C. Coffin until Coffin's death on June 8, 1934
^ John C. Sanborn shared seniority with Abe Goff until January 3, 1949
^ Hamer H. Budge shared seniority with John Travers Wood until January 3, 1953
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Shares seniority date with more than two other Representatives (thus unable to count as co-deans); credited as sole dean due to surname coming first alphabetically
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Shares seniority date with other officeholder(s); credited as sole dean by past non-consecutive terms in Congress
^ Elected late
^ Seniority over Lawrence Y. Sherman due to past service as a member of the House of Representatives from Washington
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Senator elected to fill intra-term vacancy after ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment; seniority calculated from date the individual assumed office
^ Senator elected by state legislature intra-term prior to ratification of Seventeenth Amendment; seniority calculated from election date (if different from date the seat was filled)
^ Seated late due to contested election
^ Seated late by virtue of holding other political, governmental, or judicial office

Bibliography

Biographical Directory of the United States Congress (1774 – 2005) (PDF), Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2005, retrieved November 12, 2023

[rdp-we-cite_note-akaka-9] "AKAKA, Daniel Kahikina (1924 – 2018)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 6, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-deschlersseniority-11] "Chapter 7 § 2. Seniority and Derivative Rights". Deschler's Precedents, Volume 2 (PDF). U.S. Government Publishing Office. January 1, 1994. p. 670. Retrieved November 5, 2023.

[rdp-we-cite_note-13] Gootman, Elissa (September 30, 2002). "Patsy Mink, Veteran Hawaii Congresswoman, Dies at 74". The New York Times. Retrieved September 6, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-15] "HANABUSA, Colleen (1951 – )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 6, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-french-16] "FRENCH, Burton Lee (1875 – 1954)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 27, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-17] "HAMER, Thomas Ray (1864 – 1950)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 27, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-24] "SANBORN, John Carfield (1885 – 1968)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 27, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-26] "HANSEN, Orval Howard (1926 – 2017)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved August 28, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-27] "RICHARDSON, William Alexander (1811 – 1875)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.

[rdp-we-cite_note-31] "TRUMBULL, Lyman (1813 – 1896)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved February 14, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-32] "FARNSWORTH, John Franklin (1820 – 1897)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.

[rdp-we-cite_note-33] "MARSHALL, Samuel Scott (1821 – 1890)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.

[rdp-we-cite_note-34] "BURCHARD, Horatio Chapin (1825 – 1908)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved February 27, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-37] "MORRISON, William Ralls (1824 – 1909)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.

[rdp-we-cite_note-40] "CULLOM, Shelby Moore (1829 – 1914)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.

[rdp-we-cite_note-cannon-41] "CANNON, Joseph Gurney (1836 – 1926)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.

[rdp-we-cite_note-42] "HENDERSON, Thomas Jefferson (1824 – 1911)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved February 27, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-43] "SPRINGER, William McKendree (1836 – 1903)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 17, 2025.

[rdp-we-cite_note-49] "DENEEN, Charles Samuel (1863 – 1940)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.

[rdp-we-cite_note-52] "ARENDS, Leslie Cornelius (1895 – 1985)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.

[rdp-we-cite_note-54] "DIXON, Alan John (1927 – 2014)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.

[rdp-we-cite_note-57] "HASTERT, John Dennis (1942 – )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 16, 2025.

[rdp-we-cite_note-59] "BRIGHT, Jesse David (1812 – 1875)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 20, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-61] Zachary, Lauren (September 2013). "Henry S. Lane and the Birth of the Indiana Republican Party, 1854–1861". IU Indianapolis ScholarWorks. p. 128. Retrieved November 20, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-62] Gugin, Linda C.; St. Clair, James E., eds. (2006). The Governors of Indiana. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press. p. 163. ISBN 0-87195-196-7.

[rdp-we-cite_note-63] Cincinnati Gazette, February 14, March 1, April 13, 1870.

[rdp-we-cite_note-65] "COBB, Thomas Reed (1828 – 1892)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 21, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-66] "BROWNE, Thomas McLelland (1829 – 1891)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 21, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-68] "HOLMAN, William Steele (1822 – 1897)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 21, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-70] "HEMENWAY, James Alexander (1860 – 1923)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 15, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-71] "OVERSTREET, Jesse (1859 – 1910)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 15, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-72] "CRUMPACKER, Edgar Dean (1851 – 1920)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 15, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-73] "DIXON, Lincoln (1860 – 1932)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 15, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-76] "MOORES, Merrill (1856 – 1929)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 18, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-79] "DEERING, Nathaniel Cobb (1827 – 1887)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved June 4, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-80] "MCCOID, Moses Ayers (1840 – 1904)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved June 4, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-82] "HENDERSON, David Bremner (1840 – 1906)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved June 4, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-88] "WILSON, George Allison (1884 – 1953)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved June 4, 2024.

[rdp-we-cite_note-atlarge-2] Sole representative (at-large district)

[rdp-we-cite_note-jr-3] s junior senator

[rdp-we-cite_note-6] President pro tempore and Dean of the Senate from 2010 to 2012

[rdp-we-cite_note-formerhouse-7] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag Senator who previously served in the House of Representatives

[rdp-we-cite_note-housenonconsecutive-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the House

[rdp-we-cite_note-secondhouse-18] Second time; previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the House

[rdp-we-cite_note-19] Sole representative (at-large district) until reapportionment in 1912 House elections

[rdp-we-cite_note-20] Dean of the Senate from 1933 to 1940

[rdp-we-cite_note-senatenonconsecutive-22] Previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the Senate

[rdp-we-cite_note-29] Dean of the House from 1863 to 1869

[rdp-we-cite_note-30] Republican from 1861 to 1870

[rdp-we-cite_note-35] President pro tempore from 1881 to 1883

[rdp-we-cite_note-secondsenate-38] Second time; previously served non-consecutive term(s) in the Senate

[rdp-we-cite_note-39] Dean of the Senate from 1911 to 1913

[rdp-we-cite_note-44] Speaker of the House and House Republican Leader from 1903 to 1911

[rdp-we-cite_note-45] House Republican Leader from 1911 to 1919

[rdp-we-cite_note-50] Dean of the House from 1934 to 1952

[rdp-we-cite_note-51] Senate Democratic Leader from 1949 to 1951

[rdp-we-cite_note-53] Senate Republican Leader from 1959 to 1969

[rdp-we-cite_note-55] House Republican Leader from 1981 to 1995

[rdp-we-cite_note-56] Speaker of the House and House Republican Leader from 1999 to 2007

[rdp-we-cite_note-58] President pro tempore from 1854 to 1856, 1856 to 1857, and June 12 to 26, 1860

[rdp-we-cite_note-60] Speaker of the House and House Republican Leader from 1863 to 1869

[rdp-we-cite_note-64] House Democratic Leader from 1869 to 1871 (alongside Samuel J. Randall), 1873 to 1875

[rdp-we-cite_note-67] House Democratic Leader from 1889 to 1895

[rdp-we-cite_note-69] Senate Democratic Leader from 1898 to 1899

[rdp-we-cite_note-74] Senate Democratic Leader from 1911 to 1917

[rdp-we-cite_note-75] Senate Republican Leader from 1929 to 1933

[rdp-we-cite_note-77] House Republican Leader from 1959 to 1965

[rdp-we-cite_note-78] Dean of the Senate from 1898 to 1908

[rdp-we-cite_note-81] Speaker of the House and House Republican Leader from 1899 to 1903

[rdp-we-cite_note-83] President pro tempore from 1919 to 1925

[rdp-we-cite_note-85] Dean of the House from 1928 to 1933

[rdp-we-cite_note-89] Various positions:
President pro tempore (2019–2021, 2025–present)

President pro tempore emeritus (2021–2025)

Dean of the Senate (2023–present)

[73] President pro tempore (2019–2021, 2025–present)

[74] President pro tempore emeritus (2021–2025)

[75] Dean of the Senate (2023–present)

[rdp-we-cite_note-1] Seniority over Hiram Fong due to tenure as Hawaii territorial governor

[rdp-we-cite_note-turnover-4] Preceding election(s) resulted in turnover of all sitting incumbents; successors share a seniority date with no distinctions Cite error: The named reference "turnover" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).

[rdp-we-cite_note-turnovergill-5] Spark Matsunaga shared seniority with Thomas Gill until January 3, 1965

[rdp-we-cite_note-turnoverheftel-8] Daniel Akaka shared seniority with Cecil Heftel until July 11, 1986

[rdp-we-cite_note-housevacancy-12] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Representative elected to fill vacancy; seniority calculated from date of special election (if different from date the seat was filled)^[2] Cite error: The named reference "housevacancy" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).

[rdp-we-cite_note-appoint-14] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Senator appointed to fill intra-term vacancy; seniority calculated from date of appointment

[rdp-we-cite_note-turnoverwhite-21] Compton I. White shared seniority with Thomas C. Coffin until Coffin's death on June 8, 1934

[rdp-we-cite_note-turnoversanborn-23] John C. Sanborn shared seniority with Abe Goff until January 3, 1949

[rdp-we-cite_note-turnoverbudge-25] Hamer H. Budge shared seniority with John Travers Wood until January 3, 1953

[rdp-we-cite_note-codeanex-28] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Shares seniority date with more than two other Representatives (thus unable to count as co-deans); credited as sole dean due to surname coming first alphabetically

[rdp-we-cite_note-past-36] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Shares seniority date with other officeholder(s); credited as sole dean by past non-consecutive terms in Congress

[rdp-we-cite_note-lateelection-46] Elected late

[rdp-we-cite_note-47] Seniority over Lawrence Y. Sherman due to past service as a member of the House of Representatives from Washington

[rdp-we-cite_note-senatevacancy-48] Senator elected to fill intra-term vacancy after ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment; seniority calculated from date the individual assumed office

[rdp-we-cite_note-senatorlegis-84] Senator elected by state legislature intra-term prior to ratification of Seventeenth Amendment; seniority calculated from election date (if different from date the seat was filled)

[rdp-we-cite_note-seatedlatecontest-86] Seated late due to contested election

[rdp-we-cite_note-seatedlateoffice-87] Seated late by virtue of holding other political, governmental, or judicial office

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